基于IACS共同规范的油船极限强度及敏感性分析

基于IACS共同规范研制了双壳油船总纵极限强度的计算程序,计算了一个箱形梁模型和两条油船的总纵极限强度,计算结果表明本文研制开发的计算程序是正确可靠的,可供油船船体结构设计参考和使用。本文还对影响船体梁极限强度的参数进行了敏感性的简要探讨,得出有用的结论。     

船体极限强度非线性有限元计算方法

船体极限强度是关系到船体生命力和安全的重要指标之一,各国规范都对其提出明确要求。以某双壳油船为研究对象,采用非线性有限元法计算其极限承载能力。通过采用不同的网格尺寸、边界条件、加载方式及施加或不施加侧向载荷,对同一对象进行有限元计算。对计算结果进行对比分析,提出合适的网格尺寸、边界条件设置方式和加载方式,同时得出施加侧向载荷及不施加侧向载荷的优缺点。该研究可为采用非线性有限元法计算船体结构极限强度提供参考。     

逐步破坏法破损油船剩余强度研究

基于IACS共同规范研制了逐步破坏法计算完整油船极限强度和破损剩余强度的程序.考虑了船体发生搁浅碰撞后,其剩余有效剖面是非对称的,船体还可能发生不同程度倾斜的实际情况,计算了双壳油船在不同破损情况下破损船体的剩余强度,并给出了实例及结果分析.     

基于船体结构总纵极限强度的可靠性分析

本文基于船体结构总纵极限强度失效模式，采用进行的一阶二次矩法和蒙特卡洛法，建立了船体结构总纵极限强度时变可靠性评估方法和评估程度。具体分析了某大型油船在全寿期内由于海水腐蚀船体结构极限强度可靠性的变化情况，系列计算结果表明，如果仅考虑海水腐蚀的影响，在某一使役期附近（本文算例结果为13－15年），船体结构因总纵极限强度不够而失效的可能性最大，因此，在使役期之前，船体 检测和维修是必要的。     

船体结构极限强度的影响因素及敏感度分析

本文采用逐步破坏法对船体结构的极限强度进行分析研究，利用开发的计算程序对不同种类的船舶(包括散货船、单壳和双壳油船、集装箱船)的极限强度进行了计算。讨论了各主要影响因素对船体极限强度的影响，并就其对各因素的敏感度作了相应的分析。     

基于JTP规范的巴拿马型油船舱段强度计算

大型油船的结构设计,需要将规范设计与直接计算结合起来,对主船体结构作强度校核以确定构件尺寸,对高应力区域做出必要的加强和改进措施,这就需要对船体中部结构进行三维有限元强度分析。以76000t巴拿马型油船为研究对象,依据《双壳油船结构共同规范》(JTP),采用MSC.Patran有限元软件建立该船中部三个舱段的有限元模型,计算JTP规范规定的船体舱段载荷,并选取JTP规范规定的一种计算工况B5进行结构强度评估。计算结果表明,在此工况下,船体强度满足JTP规范的要求,但一些局部结构还需要加强。     

基于CSR共同规范的船体梁极限强度分析

基于CSR共同规范编制船体梁极限强度的简化逐步破坏法计算程序,以12 000 DWT油船为工程实例,按共同规范的两种方法(简化逐步破坏法、有限元法),分析该船体梁的极限强度。研究表明,该油船极限强度校核应重点关注甲板部分结构;简化逐步破坏法可快速准确地计算船体梁的极限弯矩,相对较成熟;而非线性有限元法方面,共同规范需要在模型化技术方面进一步完善相关细节,就未破损船体梁极限强度计算而言,建议可在模型纵向尺度和横向构件建模方面做适当简化。     

超大型油船分舱方案优化设计研究

船体结构重量关系到经济性与环保性,是衡量船舶设计方案优劣的重要指标,为提高超大型船舶的市场竞争力,有必要开展超大船体轻量化设计。以一艘32万载重吨超大型油船为例,根据油船分舱布置的要求,在主尺度与船型确定的情况下,以降低总纵弯矩、减轻船体结构重量为优化目标,通过装载、完整稳性、破舱稳性、溢油指数、总纵强度的计算,对比分析多型式的分舱方案。重点研究变边舱分舱方法对降低总纵弯矩的效果及其规范适用性,分析变边舱分舱方案中的内壳舭部斜升角对总纵强度的影响,得到一型可同时降低在港状态中拱弯矩、航行状态中拱弯矩与中垂弯矩的变边舱分舱方案,以期应用于超大型油船船体结构的轻量化设计。     

破损船体极限强度非线性有限元分析

本文基于通用有限元系统,结合船体破损机理和初始缺陷处理方法,建立船体极限强度非线性有限元分析的完整框架.利用对水面舰船和双壳油船极限强度模型试验的比较验证,合理解决非线性有限元分析的关键技术,并对完整和破损船体极限强度进行非线性有限元法分析.然后,在模型试验和非线性有限元分析的基础上提出面向设计的适合破损船体和双向弯曲状态的船体极限强度分析的改进解析方法.     

船体结构剩余强度评估方法研究

在设计阶段对船体可能发生的破损情况和剩余强度进行分析。根据分析结果优化结构设计,可以有效地提高船舶破损后的生存概率。以某双壳油船为例,采用SMITH法和非线性有限元法,计算破损后船体的剩余承载能力,比较2种计算方法的计算原理和结果。采用规范计算和直接预报的方式对船体破损后的波浪载荷进行预报。采用确定性方法和可靠性方法对破损船船体结构剩余强度进行评估,给出了实际应用中的使用建议。     

33rd International Conference on Ocean,Offshore and Arctic Engineering （OMAE2014）

正San Francisco,California,June 8-13,2014.OMAE 2014 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to:·meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;·to exchange ideas and experiences whilst promoting technological progress and its application in industry·to promote international cooperation in ocean,offshore and arctic engineering.In line with the tradition of excellence of previous OMAE conferences,more than 900 technical papers are planned for presentation.Outreach for Engineers Specialty Forum This Specialty Forum is designed for students and professionals who may not be familiar with the Ocean and Offshore industry,as well as those who have just recently specialized in this field.     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

The 11th International Conference on Hydrodynamics (ICHD 2014)

正19–24 October 2014 SingaporeCONFERENCE THEMES The overall aim of the ICHD Conference is to provide a forum for participants from around the world to review,discuss and present the latest developments in the broad discipline of hydrodynamics and fluid mechanics.The first International Conference on Hydrodynamics(ICHD)was initiated in 1994 in Wuxi,China.Since then,9 more ICHD conferences were held subsequently in Hong Kong,Seoul,Yokohama,Tainan,Perth,Ischia,Nantes,Shanghai and St Petersburg.Evidently the ICHD conference has become an important event among academics,researchers,engineers and operators,working in the fields closely related to the science and technology of hydrodynamics.The 11th ICHD will be held in Singapore in 2014.     

第十二届深水操作会议和展览会(英文)

正November 4-6,2014Moody Gardens HotelConvention Center/Galveston,TX The Deepwater Operations Conference and Exhibition is celebrating its 12th anniversary this year.This growing event will continue the tradition of excellence in addressing operational challenges involved in developing deepwater resources.We will return to the Moody Gardens Hotel and Convention Center on November 5-7,2014 in Galveston,Texas.     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

某海港码头的撞损修复

依据码头撞击受损区域调查检测结果,对受损构件提出合理的修复方案,为码头的安全运行提供保障。