Use of diesel engine and surface-piercing propeller to achieve fuel savings for inshore fishing boats

Fishing is a major local industry in Malaysia, particularly in rural areas. However, the rapidly increasing price of fuel is seriously affecting the industry’s viability. At present, outboard petrol engines are the preferred choice for use in small-scale fishing boats because they deliver the advantages of high speed and low weight, they are easy to install, and they use minimal space. Petrol outboard engines are known to consume a greater amount of fuel than inboard diesel engines, but installing diesel engines with conventional submerged propellers in existing small-scale fishing boats is not economically viable because major hullform modifications and extra expenditure are required to achieve this. This study describes a proposal to enable reductions in fuel consumption by introducing the combined use of a diesel engine and surface-piercing propeller (SPP). An analysis of fuel consumption reduction is presented, together with an economic feasibility study. Resulting data reveal that the use of the proposed modifications would save 23.31 liters of fuel per trip (40.75 %) compared to outboard motors, equaling annual savings of RM 3962 per year.     

3600 TEU集装箱船节能改装项目的初步研究

伴随着气候问题、油价高企以及航运市场低迷的严峻形势,节能减排已成为船舶设计的重要理念,尤其是对于营运船舶的节能改装受到越来越多船东的关注.以改装现有的3 600 TEU集装箱船为例,采取降低主机功率转速、安装节能装置、优化球首线型和采用低阻油漆等方法,可取得显著节能效果.同时该研究尽可能采用高效低成本的方案,以降低改装成本,缩短成本回收周期,从而可以为船东、船厂带来最大化的收益.     

船舶低硫柴油系统设计的分析与优化

就新辟航线首制船“汉亚直达”集装箱船的低硫柴油系统,叙述了船舶低硫柴油系统的设计经验,从当前国内外对船用燃油硫含量的要求、应对方案到船舶低硫柴油冷却方式选择、低硫柴油冷却系统设计、高/低硫柴油转换、使用低硫柴油风险分析及处理等方面进行详细叙述,为业内同行提供参考。     

利用柴油机和半浸式螺旋桨实现近海渔船的节油（英文）

Fishing is a major local industry in Malaysia, particularly in rural areas. However, the rapidly increasing price of fuel is seriously affecting the industry's viability. At present, outboard petrol engines are the preferred choice for use in small-scale fishing boats because they deliver the advantages of high speed and low weight, they are easy to install, and they use minimal space. Petrol outboard engines are known to consume a greater amount of fuel than inboard diesel engines, but installing diesel engines with conventional submerged propellers in existing small-scale fishing boats is not economically viable because major hullform modifications and extra expenditure are required to achieve this. This study describes a proposal to enable reductions in fuel consumption by introducing the combined use of a diesel engine and Surface-Piercing Propeller(SPP). An analysis of fuel consumption reduction is presented, together with an economic feasibility study. Resulting data reveal that the use of the proposed modifications would save 23.31 liters of fuel per trip(40.75%) compared to outboard motors, equaling annual savings of RM 3962 per year.     

核动力集装箱船经济性分析

以大型集装箱船为研究目标,通过对普通燃油集装箱船与核动力集装箱船的运行费用进行分析,并对2种船舶全寿期内的运行费用进行比较。结果表明,在全寿期内,核动力集装箱船相比普通燃油集装箱船在油价高于367美元/t时,具有较好的经济性。     

Container liner freight index based on data from e-booking platforms

This article proposes a framework for a daily container freight index (DCFI) and investigates a number of principles in the design of this type of indices. Based on a comparative analysis with the existing container freight indices, we explore a method of integrating the framework with the use of data from e-booking platforms and illustrate why the new index can provide more insightful information for shippers. We also apply the framework to have a daily Shanghai container freight index by combining data sources from the platforms linked to the Shanghai port. By implementing the index to a risk analysis problem, we use numerical results to show the DCFI’s potential position in real hedging problems for container liner markets.     

渔船中速柴油机燃用重油的粘度控制系统

重油价格低廉,渔船柴油机燃用重油可大大降低船舶营运成本,但由于重油的粘度大,在喷油时无法正常雾化而影响柴油机正常运行,因此,对渔船中速柴油机燃用的重油,必须设置加热设备对重油加热进行降低粘度的自动控制,文章介绍渔船燃用重油时其粘度控制的一种方法及其系统,即采用主机排出的废气加热低温淡水,而产生的热水送入电锅炉,电锅炉产生的蒸汽用于加热重油,同时实现了废热回收利用。     

Linking ocean container carrier capabilities to shipper–carrier relationships: a case study

ABSTRACT

As outsourcing and offshoring continue to expand, the ocean container industry serves a critical and still increasing role in supporting global trade. Yet, perceived commoditization and intense price competition among ocean container carriers limit opportunities for competitive advantage and formation of long-term shipper–carrier relationships. This environment ultimately yields an unhealthy industry that threatens the stability of global supply chains. Extant literature provides limited insight into how carriers can build strong relationships with shippers to overcome the short-term, transactional-orientation of the industry. Examining a case study of a major ocean container carrier, we apply structural equation modeling to shipper survey data to explore how carrier operational, service, and pricing capabilities influence the strength of the long-term shipper–carrier relationship. Furthermore, we identify unique clusters of shipper needs, helping the carrier understand when and how to promote a particular portfolio of capabilities to customers.     

上海港外贸集装箱装卸价格策略研究

面对市场激励的竞争，提出上海外贸集装箱装卸价格策略应定位在以竞争为主的价格策略，叙述了几种不同的价格调整策略，最后介绍了要实施所制定价格调整策略，所必需的保障措施。     

加厚板焊接工艺及焊接过程的质量控制

伴随着当前整个航运业的低迷,各大造船企业纷纷转型升级寻求开发新型产品,大型集装箱船舶成为较受青睐的产品,高强度钢加厚板在大型集装箱船舶建造中应用非常广泛,钢板厚度也随着船载重量以及集装箱装货量的上升而越来越厚,这就要求加厚钢板的焊接需要采用有别于传统钢板焊接的工艺,并在焊接过程中严格控制焊接质量。文章主要就加厚FAO钢板的焊接工艺选择以及质量控制方法进行了分析。     

Port competition between Shanghai and Ningbo

The objective of this paper is to analyse the relative competitiveness of the neighbouring container ports of Shanghai and Ningbo in China and to develop a view of the likely future outcome of the competition between them. After assessing the demand for their services within what is hypothesized as a shared hinterland, current supply and future expansion plans are detailed and considered within the two ports’ wider development strategies. The relative competitiveness of the two ports is then evaluated on the basis of price and quality of service, as embodied within the concept of generalized cost as incurred by customers. A critical political dimension is a necessary element of this analysis. It is concluded that continued economic development in the hinterland, central government policies on regional development and China's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) will all contribute to growing demand for port services. However, Ningbo will continue to gain greater market share as the result of advantages in its natural endowments (particularly depth of water), price (especially in terms of recovering the cost of capacity expansions) and quality of service improvements that are predicted to emerge as the result of currently planned enhancements to inland transport infrastructure and logistical systems.     

集装箱船纵倾优化数值模拟

随着全球能源和环境问题越来越严峻,航运市场低迷和竞争的日益激烈,节能减排已成为航运业的迫切需求。船舶纵倾优化具有成本低、易实现和效果佳等优点,是一种更好的节能减排方法。以KCS集装箱船在设计吃水时平吃水状态为基础,对船舶分别进行不同纵倾状态调节,利用RANS方法和切割体自动划分网格技术,计算船舶在不同首倾和尾倾状态下的阻力数值。结果表明,在不考虑水深影响的情况下,KCS集装箱船在不改变船舶航速、载重量的前提下,可以通过纵倾优化调节减少船舶阻力。     

船用柴油机双燃料系统设计及其特性

随着排放法规的日趋严苛和运输市场竞争日益激烈，为降低航运业运营成本、保护环境，船舶发动机燃油系统不断被改进，双燃料发动机以其污染更少、燃料价格较低， 成为研究热点。本文介绍了一种新的船用柴油天然气双燃料系统，并为系统设计了性能可靠控气精准的组合喷射阀。为了提高系统适应性，设计了通过T-S模糊控制算法处理油耗和转速信息得出系统的天然气喷入量的控制系统，不安装限油装置，最大限度地利用了原柴油机的控制系统，通过发动机自身调节机构对引燃柴油量调节，安装简单方便。在台架实验中，双燃料发动机的替代率随着转速的升高逐渐增大，在额定转速（负荷）点工作时，替代率达到了73%，费用节省率达到了31%，运行可靠稳定。     

集装箱船舶大型化对上海港发展的影响和机遇

在集装箱航运市场中,由于超大型集装箱船优良的经济性能及全球集装箱航运结构的重组,并且在全球国际集装箱运输呈增长的趋势背景下,大批超大型集装箱船投入运营,对上海港的运营和发展形成一定的影响,但同时也给上海港的发展带来了机遇。上海港要应对国际航运市场的这种变化,就必须采取相应的策略。随着长三角经济圈的发展和洋山深水港一期、二期工程的完工,进一步巩固了上海港的国际集装箱枢纽港地位,上海港应抓住新的发展机遇,为上海早日建成国际航运中心奠定更加坚实的基础。     

港口燃油动力设备节能减排技术

我国集装箱运输业的快速发展,极大地推动了港口起重运输设备的技术进步,每年会有更多的起重运输设备投入到港口使用,也会有一大批高耗能高排放的老旧设备面临淘汰,有关港口高耗能高排放燃油动力设备的节能减排问题会日益凸显。本文分析了国内外港口燃油动力设备的能耗和排放现状,以及相关节能减排技术的发展和研究情况,对使用生物柴油、油改气、混合动力改造、开发节能环保型新产品等节能减排技术措施进行了分析研究,为港口燃油动力流动机械节能减排工作的开展提供一些切实可行的技术措施。     

Demand analysis in Angola seaports

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a demand analysis of Angola seaports from 1996 to 2013 using the Berry, Levinsohn, and Pakes (BLP) demand model. The BLP is a random coefficient Logit demand model that takes into account the endogeneity of the price in the demand equation. The model reveals that seaports on Angola is explained by the average price, the price of maritime transport services, the price of substitute imports by airports, and by the income in the port region. The price is endogenous in demand equation and the endogeneity is taken into account in demand estimation. The price of air transportation is negative, and therefore it is a complementary good. The price of container handling is positive, and therefore it is a substitution good. Policy implication is also derived.     

船用柴油机电控共轨喷油技术开发的关键技术

概述船用电控共轨柴油机的产业现状,介绍了船用电控共轨柴油机发展动态和船用大功率电控共轨柴油机制造业的发展趋势,对船用电控共轨柴油机开发的关键技术进行了探讨,指出了我国智能化船用柴油机产业发展的机遇和挑战.     

A two-stage optimization approach for sulphur emission regulation compliance

In this paper, we present a two-stage optimization model for the machinery system selection problem. The objective is to minimize total cost, while aggregated power requirement and emission regulations are constraining the problem. Future fuel prices are considered to be uncertain. From a set of alternatives, the machinery configuration providing the lowest total cost is found. Also design flexibility in terms of future reconfiguration possibilities is taken into account. The machinery selection for a 2000 TEU container vessel is used as an illustrative case. Five initial machinery concepts are considered: diesel machinery, diesel machinery with a scrubber system, dual fuel (DF) machinery, pure gas engines, and a DF ready machinery. There is also a set of reconfiguration possibilities available for each alternative. From solving the case study, DF machinery is found optimal, while pure gas machinery is close to equally good. By solving the problem with deterministic fuel prices, the value of flexibility is not properly accounted for, resulting in an unreasonably high total cost for the flexible machinery alternatives. This demonstrates the need for a decision support approach that explicitly handles future uncertainty, as the two-stage stochastic model presented in this paper does.     

30000DWT多用途集装箱船的研制

该船是上海船厂与德国著名船舶设计师Ｍｒ．Ａｌｂｅｒｔ联合设计并由上海船厂制造的多用途集装箱船,其特点是载重量大,集装箱数多、用途广、航速快、油耗低、自动化程度高、悬挂德旗、符合水下检验ＩＷ的要求。本文扼要介绍了在设计和建造中所采取的主要技术措施。     

上海国际航运中心建设瞄准“着力点”

1月19日,记者从上海市政府新闻发布会上获悉,截至2009年底,上海港完成货物吞吐量5．9亿吨,集装箱吞吐量达2500万标准箱,分别位居世界第一、第二位。在连续两年保持全球港口业“龙头老大”地位的同时,2009年,上海国际航运中心建设取得了新的阶段性成果。