The coastal edge of the Northeast Water polynya in spring 1993

Multidisciplinary, marine ecological observations were conducted at the shallow water edge of the Northeast Water in June, 1993. Although variable in size and shape, a small polynya was constantly present at Eskimonaes, at the fast-ice edge of Ingolfsfjord. A shallow stratified layer developed at the water sufface at negative water and air temperatures—an effect of sea ice melting in cold water early in the season. Nutrients were recorded in considerable quantities, although by mid July NO₃ had become depleted. The chlorophyll and phytoplankton maxima at 8–12 m depth had peak values of 2 mg chl a m⁻³, typical for Arctic algal blooms. The phytoplankton included over 90 species and was dominated by the Fragillariopsis group. Zooplankton was poor in biomass and density, but over 23 taxa were found, with the copepods Oithona similis and Pseudocalanus acuspes being numerically dominant. Sedimentation was approximately 0.2 g dry weight m⁻² d⁻¹ and suspended matter concentrations ranged from 4 to 19 mg l⁻¹. The benthos was represented by hard bottom forms only, with a surprisingly dense cover of macrophytes. Juvenile sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis), brittle stars (Ophiocten sericeum) and amphipods were dominant. Higher trophic levels were represented by benthic feeders, such as eiders and walruses. The area observed was more similar to high Arctic fjord ecosystems than to the offshore central Northeast Water polynya.     

铁道部电子邮件系统应用现状及调整建议

介绍了目前铁道部电子邮件系统的系统架构和应用现状,包括域拓扑结构和电子邮件系统的传输方法,并重点指出了邮件系统使用过程中存在的主要问题,并对这些问题进行了系统的分析,同时给出了将操作系统升级到Windows 2003,邮件系统升级到Exchange 2003的解决方案.     

声强法在磁悬浮列车车厢声源识别中的应用

介绍了声强法中P—P技术的使用,并讨论了在使用P—P技术进行声强测量时的相位匹配问题。利用声强法对磁悬浮列车行驶时车厢内的声源进行了识别,并从频率响应的角度对分析结果进行了判断。可以得出,磁悬浮列车以430 km／h速度行驶时,噪声主要通过车厢壁面传入车内。研究了各声强测点处1／3倍频程频谱,分析了各测点处辐射声强对车内噪声频率成分的贡献。可以得出,车厢壁面在100 Hz以下的频率贡献较大,而其它频段上,各测点的贡献相当。     

模糊数据库技术在航海避碰决策支持系统中的应用

将航海避碰案例规范化 ,并根据案例中部分信息的不精确性 ,在数据库系统的数据表示和查询中引入模糊技术 ,从而形成了一个模糊关系型的避碰案例数据库系统 ,并将其嵌入到航海避碰决策支持系统当中 ,为安全航行提供了更丰富的决策信息。     

德国铁路电力机车动车概况

简要介绍德国铁路现有电力机车动车的各种系列、数量和主要改进.     

旅客人身伤害事故处理实务探讨

针对铁路旅客人身伤害事故的特点，阐述了人身伤害事故的界定、责任划分、事故处理以及疑难问题及解决的建议。探讨了旅客人身伤害事故的理赔制度的建设和完善问题。     

Valuation of externalities through neo-classical methods by including institutional variables

Externalities are uncompensated influences that are not expressed in a market but that affect the production possibilities or the welfare level of third parties. An example is the noise pollution in airport areas. Although air transport is an important source of economic growth and employment in many countries, the social and environmental problems connected with this sector are rising rapidly. Consequently, airports are becoming a matter of concern to many politicians. On what kind of values should they base their decisions as to further growth or consolidation of the current situation? In this paper we discuss two approaches, one based on mainstream, neo-classical, economics, and one based on institutional approaches, more in particular new institutional economics, which can be seen as a development complementary to the mainstream.     

高能量强夯法加固厚填石地基效果

通过福州港罗源湾港区可门作业区10#、11#泊位煤堆场高能量强夯加固地基试验分析,证明高能量强夯法用于沿海厚填石(土)场地进行地基处理效果明显、工艺简单、费用较低。     

Eddies around Madagascar — The retroflection re-considered

The Agulhas Current with its retroflection and attendant eddy-shedding is the cause of some of the greatest mesoscale variability in the ocean. This paper considers the area to the south and east of Madagascar, which provides some of the source waters of the Agulhas Current, and examines the propagating sea surface height signals in altimetry and output from a numerical model, OCCAM. Both show bands of variability along the axis of the East Madagascar Current (EMC) and along a zonal band near 25°S. Sequences of images plus associated temperature data suggest that a number of westward-propagating eddies are present in this zonal band. The paper then focuses on the region to the south of the island, where ocean colour and infra-red imagery are evocative of an East Madagascar Retroflection. The synthesis of data analysed in this paper, however, shows that remotely observed features in this area can be explained by anticyclonic eddies moving westward through the region, and this explanation is consistent with numerical model output and the trajectories of drifting buoys.     

现代企业内部控制环境浅析

内部控制环境是现代企业内部控制的首要要素,文章首先分析了影响现代企业内部控制环境的因素,然后提出了完善现代企业内部控制环境的建议与措施。