ICP-AES法测定霍加拉特剂中7种金属元素

采用王水湿式消化处理样品,建立了ICP-AES法同时测定霍加拉特剂中Mn、Cu、Na、Al、Ca、Mg和Fe等7种金属元素的方法。通过谱线选择、条件优化和基体匹配等方法消除元素间干扰和基体效应,探讨了酸类型及酸度值对谱线强度的影响,研究了溶液浓度对精密度及线性相关系数的影响。方法的线性相关系数均大于0.999,Mn、Cu、Na、Al、Ca、Mg和Fe的最佳谱线分别为Mn257.610nm、Cu327.393nm、Na589.592nm、Al396.153nm、Ca317.933nm、Mg285.213nm、Fe238.204nm,相应的检出限分别为0.0008、0.0009、0.012、0.028、0.010、0.001、0.004μg/mL,对应测定值的相对标准偏差分别为0.34%、0.87%、0.87%、0.54%、0.48%、0.84%、0.55%,加标回收率为94.2%～104.4%。该方法简便、快捷、准确,可在测定其他催化剂中金属含量时推广应用。     

不同碳材料对挥发性有机气体的吸附性能研究

本文以苯、正庚烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、氟利昂22(F22)作为VOCs代表物质,考察了不同碳材料对VOCs的吸附能力。试验结果表明:不同碳材料对苯、正庚烷、1,2-二氯乙烷的吸附呈现出相似规律。在相同的吸附条件下,吸附能力是球形活性炭>常规活性碳>改性活性碳纤维>活性炭纤维,同一种碳材料对三种代表物质的吸附能力为:正庚烷>苯>1,2-二氯乙烷。几种碳材料对F22的吸附能力很差。     

固体清除剂吸附CO_2容量的测定

固体清除剂吸附CO2容量常用的测定方法有流量法、重量法、量气法和滴定法。用这些方法对常温下LiOH、KO2、LiOH-KO2-Ca(OH)2和弱碱性纤维等固体清除剂吸附CO2的吸附容量进行分析。当动力学流程中总流量为30L、CO2浓度为1%;或密闭空间内通入CO2流量为120L/h时,由于吸附容量测试方法不同,固体清除剂吸附CO2容量的数值存在一定差异,其大小顺序为:流量法>重量法>滴定法>量气法。     

Analysis of the environmental benefits of a motorcycle idling stop policy at urban intersections

In an attempt to reduce CO₂ emissions from motorized transport, the Taiwanese government introduced an idling stop policy for vehicles in early 2007. This paper seeks to quantify the environmental benefits of the policy based on a stated preference analysis. Motorcyclists were surveyed at urban intersections in Taiwan, to identify the amount of time they would be willing to turn off their engines while waiting at traffic lights (the WTO). A contingent valuation framework based on stated preference questions was designed to determine the WTO. Results obtained from the Spike model showed that the average motorcyclist’s WTO is 82 s. In another analysis, in which other variables were taken into consideration, such as the possibility that the policy will be enacted as legislation, the expected WTO increased to 101 s. In both cases, an idling stop policy would have positive environmental effects, reducing gasoline usage by 1021 L per hour and reducing CO₂ emissions by 0.56 metric tons per hour at the intersection studied during peak periods.     

“低碳经济”背景下公路隧道照明节能策略

目前我国公路隧道运营照明存在的突出问题主要表现在:照明设计参数有待完善、照明控制方式较为落后、照明节能理念存在误区、照明设施养护未得重视。文章基于建设"环境友好型"公路隧道理念,从系统工程角度提出公路隧道照明节能的15项重要措施,包括准确测试洞外亮度、优化照明设计参数、选择使用节能光源等,基本涵盖公路隧道照明技术性节能、结构性节能、管理性节能的各个方面。工程实践表明,这些技术和措施可实现公路隧道照明综合节能20%以上的总体目标,具有较好的生态效益、经济效益和社会效益。     

中低速磁浮桥梁结构设计与试验研究

对中低速磁悬浮轨道梁设计和试验进行系统阐述。研究表明:中低速磁悬浮轨道梁适宜采用单箱单室后张预应力混凝土简支梁,强度计算不是轨道梁的控制因素,但是截面扭矩很大;刚度和动力性能成为中低速磁悬浮轨道梁的设计控制因素,通过试验,给出刚度和自振频率限值。专门研制的拉力调高钢支座能保证轨道梁横向稳定,预制架设方法是最适宜的施工方法。     

一种快速除法算法的FPGA实现

介绍了一种新的除法算法,该算法是利用Taylor公式,用两次乘法操作和一张较小的查找表实现。整个算法采用verilog语言描述,设计灵活、实现简单。仿真效果表明该算法具备较高的精度与较快的运算速度。     

Modeling capacity flexibility of transportation networks

Flexibility of the transportation system is one of the important performance measures needed to deal with demand changes. In this paper, we provide a quantitative assessment of capacity flexibility for the passenger transportation network using bi-level network capacity models. Two approaches for assessing the value of capacity flexibility are proposed. One approach is based on the concept of reserve capacity, which reflects the flexibility with respect to changes in terms of demand volume only. The second approach allows for variations in the demand pattern in addition to changes in demand volume in order to more fully capture demand changes. Two models are developed in the second approach to consider two types of capacity flexibility. The total capacity flexibility allows all users to have both route choice and destination choice when estimating capacity flexibility. The limited capacity flexibility estimates how much more demand volume could be added to a fixed demand pattern by allowing the additional demand to deviate from the fixed demand pattern. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the different concepts of capacity flexibility for a passenger transportation system under demand changes.     

井筒与输油管线的物理防蜡技术综述

文中通过对大量相关文献的分析总结,对目前各大油田常用的物理防蜡技术的发展历史、工作原理、适用环境以及使用条件进行了归纳、介绍,并对这些防蜡技术在实验室中的实验结果和近年来油田使用后的效果进行了分析总结.这些防蜡技术的分类介绍为各大油田在实践中面临不同采油条件和原油组分时筛选防蜡方法提供了理论性的依据,也为防蜡技术的进一...     

海底单层保温管线总传热系数分析

总传热系数K是海底热油管道的运行管理中的一个非常关键的参数.文中通过对中海油涠洲11 -1油田至涠洲12 -1油田之间的海底管道总传热系数进行理论计算,并与投产前根据实际预热数据反算的总传热系数进行对比,得出理论计算的总传热系数与实际预热反算得到的总传热系数相近,同时指出海管接口的散热损失较大,海底管线应对接口部分进行...