基于小滚轮高频激励的高速列车齿轮箱箱体振动试验

为探究高速列车齿轮箱箱体振动特性和疲劳损伤, 应用小滚轮高频激励台架试验, 将滚轮表面加工成径跳量幅值为0.05 mm的13阶多边形, 可等效成20阶车轮多边形, 研究了某型齿轮箱箱体在不同垂向载荷与速度工况下的振动特性; 通过雨流计数法及Miner线性损伤法则, 分析了齿轮箱箱体单位时间应力累计损伤。研究结果表明: 受齿轮箱箱体共振影响, 不同垂向载荷与速度工况下, 高速列车运行速度为200 km·h-1时, 齿轮箱箱体各测点的垂、横向加速度均方根值均为最小; 当垂向载荷为23 t时, 大部分测点的垂、横向加速度均方根值均为最大; 齿轮箱箱体存在573 Hz的局部固有频率被激发共振, 其原因是试验速度为100 km·h-1时试验台发生共振, 以及试验速度为300 km·h-1时, 受到20阶多边形车轮转频约580 Hz的主频激扰; 车轮初始速度从0加速到200 km·h-1及从300 km·h-1减速至0的速度等级之间时, 齿轮箱箱体各测点的单位时间应力累计损伤波动较大, 其余速度等级段各测点的单位时间应力累计损伤波动很小; 单位时间应力损伤最大值出现在大齿轮箱齿面观察孔, 为3.72×10-10, 损伤最小值位于小齿轮箱轴承正上方, 仅为8.29×10-18。可见, 箱体共振、试验台减速运行、速度等级对齿轮箱箱体振动加速度影响较大; 非共振、试验台不减速运行、相同速度等级下, 垂向载荷对单位时间应力累计损伤影响甚微。      

冰载荷作用下船体结构强度有限元分析方法

针对船舶在冰区航行过程中船体承受冰载荷的直接撞击作用,存在结构损坏风险的情形,旨在研究建立冰载荷作用下船体结构强度有限元分析的技术实施方法.分析船—冰相互作用特点,研究结构分析时冰载荷的理想化及施加方法,基于冰区船舶结构特点提出极地船舶有限元建模方法,考虑线性和非线性分析方法的差异研究结构强度校核准则,在此基础上,构建线性和非线性有限元分析方法在极地船结构强度分析过程中的实施方法和技术途径.通过实船结构船首和船中结构强度分析的计算验证,该方法具有较好的可操作性,可为极地船舶的结构强度分析提供参考.     

放宽条件定点集结模式下编组站车辆 集结排队系统分析

集结模式决定了货车集结过程的结束条件，定点集结是一种高效率的集结方式，有利于提高运输质量.针对放宽条件定点集结模式下编组站车辆集结过程，建立离散时间批到达批服务排队模型，利用嵌入式马尔可夫链方法求得离去时刻瞬时系统集结车辆队长分布，并求得任意时刻车辆集结队长分布，在此基础上分别分析了最小编成辆数，车组大小分布，车流到达强度，服务时间间隔分布对车辆平均集结队长，集结延误时间，效率，一昼夜发送车流量等系统指标的影响.分析结果表明，各因素对车辆集结排队系统影响明显.因此，利用本文提出的模型能为编组站的精细化管理和车流组织优化提供决策参考.     

基于混合选择模型的汽车共享选择行为研究

为了深入分析出行者的汽车共享选择行为,首先以技术接受模型和计划行为理论为框架,将对汽车共享选择行为具有影响的心理因素整合到传统的离散选择模型之中,形成混合选择模型.然后,基于南京市的实证调查数据,运用混合选择模型对出行者的汽车共享选择行为进行研究.结果表明,出行者对于汽车共享的感知有用性、感知易用性、行为态度、知觉行为控制等心理态度潜变量对其选择行为产生显著的正向影响,混合选择模型比传统不带潜变量MNL模型对实证数据具有更高的拟合度.     

Recursive least squares algorithm for a nonlinear additive system with time delay

This paper proposes a recursive least squares algorithm for a nonlinear additive system with time delay. By the Weierstrass approximation theorem and the key term separation principle, the model can be simplified as an identification model. Based on the identification model, a recursive least squares identification algorithm is used to estimate all the unknown parameters of the time-delayed additive system. An example is provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

桩基建模方法对自升式钻井平台动力响应的影响

随着海洋油气开采作业水深的不断增加,海洋平台固有频率随之降低,易与相同频率成分的波浪产生共振,因此对平台动力响应特性研究是非常有必要的,而桩基模型在平台动力响应分析中发挥着关键作用。以某400英尺自升式钻井平台研究对象,基于等效建模的思想,分别建立了固支桩基、铰接桩基、线性弹簧桩基及非线性弹簧桩基四种有限元模型,并对其进行静力分析、模态分析及瞬态动力学分析,通过对比得到的振动频率、动力放大因子及波流惯性力,得出弹簧桩基模型在平台动力响应分析中的有效性及合理性结论。     

Incorporating the extended theory of planned behavior in a school travel mode choice model: a case study of Shaoxing,China

Travel to and from school can have social, economic, and environmental implications for students and their parents. Therefore, understanding school travel mode choice behavior is essential to find policy-oriented approaches to optimizing school travel mode share. Recent research suggests that psychological factors of parents play a significant role in school travel mode choice behavior and the Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes (MIMIC) model has been used to test the effect of psychological constructs on mode choice behavior. However, little research has used a systematic framework of behavioral theory to organize these psychological factors and investigate their internal relationships. This paper proposes an extended theory of planned behavior (ETPB) to delve into the psychological factors caused by the effects of adults’ cognition and behavioral habits and explores the factors’ relationship paradigm. A theoretical framework of travel mode choice behavior for students in China is constructed. We established the MIMIC model that accommodates latent variables from ETPB. We found that not all the psychological latent variables have significant effects on school travel mode choice behavior, but habit can play an essential role. The results provide theoretical support for demand policies for school travel.     

临时车辆管制:企业物流路径重构风险和库存策略比较

大型活动举行期间,政府采取临时车辆管制来疏导交通流量。企业采取物流路径重构的应急措施,使原有供应链能够持续。设立了一个制造商,一个供应商,一个应急车辆转换点,建立(r,Q)库存模型。比较了物流路径中断前的原策略和物流路径重构后供应链协调策略的库存成本差异;比较了物流路径中断后供应链协调策略和非供应链协调策略库存成本差异,推导了最大成本损失比例。本文认为政府应对需要进行物流路径重构的企业提供补贴,或提供免费的应急点建设;企业应尽量采取供应链协调策略减少库存成本增加。     

Effects of the ‘Belt and Road’ initiative on the wine import logistics of China

China’s Belt and Road (BR) initiative is expected to facilitate international trade between the countries involved. In this study, we review the special requirements of wine logistics and the market growth potential of wine consumption in China. A model minimizing generalized logistical costs is developed and applied to wine imports in China, so that the best candidate cities in which to locate transport gateways and distribution centers can be identified. Our analysis suggests that the most preferred gateways are Shanghai, Tianjin, Guangzhou, and Hong Kong, which all have similar delivery costs. In comparison, Beijing and Chongqing have much higher delivery costs, mainly because they do not have good access to marine transport and/or efficient domestic distribution networks. For long-distance intercontinental transport of large volumes of wine, marine shipping remains the only viable delivery mode. However, wine distribution within China extensively uses air, road, and water transport. Therefore, cities with excellent multi-modal transport services are better positioned to become wine logistics gateways. Our study also highlights the importance of value-added services and good government support, which are important factors that influence distribution costs and quality.