Scheduling short-term marine transport of bulk products

A multinational company uses a personal computer to schedule a fleet of coastal tankers and barges transporting liquid bulk products among plants, distribution centres (tank farms), and industrial customers. A simple spreadsheet interface cloaks a sophisticated optimization-based decision support system and makes this system useable via a varity of natural languages. The dispatchers, whose native language is not English, and some of whom presumably speak no English at all, communicate via the spreadsheet, and view recommended schedules displayed in Gantt charts both internationally familiar tools. Inside the spreadsheet, a highly detailed simulation can generate every feasible alternate vessel employment schedule, and an integer linear set partitioning model selects one schedule for each vessel so that all loads and deliveries are completed at minimal cost while satisfying all operational requirements. The optimized fleet employment schedule is displyed graphically with hourly time resolution over a planning horizon of 2-3 weeks. Each vessel will customarily make several voyages and many port calls to load and unload products during this time.     

自由设站法曲线测设新公式及应用程序

本文抓住现代化中线测量时设计单位以坐标形式交桩的新特点，选择了更适宜的坐标系，推导出了统一坐标系中，曲线上任意点的坐标计算公式。该组公式只含一个变量，简便易懂，可计算曲线上任意点的坐标和其放样数据，也适应原切线坐标系或切线统一坐标系。适合施工现场操作。     

Empirical approaches to combining revealed and stated preference data: Some recent developments with reference to urban mode choice

This paper replaces the nested logit ‘trick’ used in estimation of a modal choice model, when stated preference (SP) and revealed preference (RP) data are pooled, with an error component mixed logit model that can (i) relax the IID condition attached to subsets of alternatives in nested logit models, (ii) accommodate correlated observations, and (iii) reveal the relevant scale parameter for subsets of alternatives. Such a model can also incorporate state dependence between data types and preference heterogeneity on observed attributes. An example of choice among bus, train and car modes illustrates the difference in empirical evidence, especially elasticity outputs.     

基于Class A曲面标准的造型评价体系

针对包括汽车在内的产品造型设计领域中存在的艺术审美与工程结构脱节的现象，文章运用比较和分析的方法探讨了Class A标准与造型设计之间的内在联系，以及Class A曲面标准与造型设计之间存在的共性，进而寻找规律达到用ClassA曲面的标准指导和约束造型设讯指出在Class A标准的约束下，不仅要保持造型设计基本的视觉审美特征，而且还要充分考虑加工工艺的可行性，使工业设计作为艺术与工程交叉学科的地位更加明确，并在实际工作中使汽车造型方案在富有创意的基础上更加适于工程结构及工艺的可实现性。     

Method for obtaining the wheel–rail contact location and its application to the normal problem calculation through ‘CONTACT’

This work presents a robust methodology for calculating inter-penetration areas between railway wheel and rail surfaces, the profiles of which are defined by a series of points. The method allows general three-dimensional displacements of the wheelset to be considered, and its characteristics make it especially suitable for dynamic simulations where the wheel–rail contact is assumed to be flexible. The technique is based on the discretisation of the geometries of the surfaces in contact, considering the wheel as a set of truncated cones and the rail as points. By means of this approach, it is possible to reduce the problem to the calculation of the intersections between cones and lines, the solution for which has a closed-form expression. The method has been used in conjunction with the CONTACT algorithm in order to solve the static normal contact problem when the lateral displacement of the wheelset, its yaw angle and the vertical force applied in the wheelset centroid are prescribed. The results consist of smooth functions when the dependent coordinates are represented as a function of the independent ones, lacking the jump discontinuities that are present when a rigid contact model is adopted. Example results are shown and assessed for the normal contact problem for different lateral and yaw positions of the wheelset on the track.     

我国干线铁路通用轨道谱的研究

在对比和分析欧美铁路的轨道谱拟合公式及我国专家学者研究成果的基础上,结合对我国主要干线铁路大量轨道不平顺检测数据的分析和计算,研究并给出能较好表征我国干线铁路轨道不平顺特征的通用轨道谱拟合公式以及通用轨道谱的表达方式。由于我国干线铁路的建设标准差异比较大,采用平均轨道谱表达方式不能很好地表征我国干线铁路的轨道质量状况,而采用分级形式的轨道谱则能够更好地表征我国众多干线铁路的轨道不平顺特征;根据我国干线铁路的行车速度,建议将我国干线铁路轨道谱划分为3个等级,即200km.h-1等级提速线路轨道谱、160 km.h-1等级提速线路轨道谱和120 km.h-1及以下普通线路轨道谱。     

绿色加筋土挡墙在铁路工程的应用

对大瑞铁路漾濞车站设计了绿色加筋土挡墙与绿色护坡.文中根据工程实例,介绍了普通加筋土挡墙与新型材料(生态植被墙面)相结合的设计方法.该类挡护结构既可保证边坡稳定性,又可对坡面进行绿化和美化环境.     

Parameter transfer of common-metric attributes in choice analysis: implications for willingness to pay

There is a growing literature that promotes the presence of a mix of compensatory and semi-compensatory processing strategies in the way that individuals evaluate packages of attributes in real or hypothetical markets, and make choices. This paper proposes a specification for the utility form in a choice model to test if, given a pair of attributes with a common-metric (e.g., components of travel time or cost), the attribute with the dominating level defines the marginal (dis)utility that is assigned to both attributes. We refer to this processing strategy as a parameter transfer rule. We use a stated choice data set, in the context of car driving individuals choosing between tolled and non-tolled routes, to estimate a mixed logit model which incorporates the presence of the parameter transfer rule and the conventional fully compensatory rule, both existing up to a probability. We find that if this parameter transfer heuristic is part of the mix, the WTP is more than 30% higher, on average, than when only a fully compensatory rule is imposed. We also contrast the parameter transfer rule with other semi-compensatory heuristics which have been investigated in other papers, and show that the finding adds further support to the accumulating evidence that a semi-compensatory attribute processing rules tend to result in higher mean WTP estimates compared to the fully compensatory attribute processing rule.     

港口环境承载力概念及其影响因素初探

港口环境承载力作为衡量港口可持续发展的重要指标,其概念和影响因素亟待研究。根据环境科学中有关环境容量和环境承载力的相关理论,结合港口可持续发展的要求,提出港口环境承载力的概念并对其影响因素进行了分析,认为港口环境承载力受港口的自然条件、软硬件条件、周边及腹地交通条件、社会经济条件、能源资源条件和环境污染水平的共同影响。港口环境承载力概念及其影响因素的研究将为港口承载力的定量评估提供理论基础。