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21.
Traffic accident statistics in Japan show the necessity of preventing vehicle-on-pedestrian accidents. If the risk of a vehicle colliding with pedestrians could be evaluated in advance, driver-assistance systems would be able to support drivers to avoid potential collisions. Here, features of driving behavior and methods for assessing the risk of collision were investigated for a right turn at an intersection in left-hand traffic, which is a typical vehicle-on-pedestrian accident scenario. The results showed that pedestrian-collision risk can be evaluated from how the driver slows the vehicle and where the driver looks while turning during the maneuver. Moreover, pedestrian-collision risk could be predicted based on driving behavior upon commencement of steering when making an across-traffic turn. 相似文献
22.
Yoichi Sumi Hiroshi Yajima Masahiro Toyosada Takao Yoshikawa Shuji Aihara Koji Gotoh Yoshitaka Ogawa Toshiyuki Matsumoto Kazuhiro Hirota Hideyuki Hirasawa Masanobu Toyoda Yasushi Morikage 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2013,18(4):497-514
The rapid enlargement of the size of container ships has led to the application of extremely thick plate in the deck structures, which may grow concerns about the fracture toughness at the butt-weld with large amount of heat input, and the arrest toughness of brittle crack propagation in the base metal of such thick plates. Also, slam-induced whipping stresses might affect the fatigue crack propagation and the initiation of a brittle crack in a container ship. In order to prevent the catastrophic failure of deck structures by brittle fracture, national joint research projects, which focused on the safety-related issues of extremely thick steel plate applied to hull of large container ships, were formed from April 2007 to March 2011 organized by the Japan Ship Technology Research Association (JSTRA) supported by the Japanese Government in collaboration with universities, national research institute, classification societies and relevant industries including shipbuilding, steel manufacturing and shipping companies. The joint research projects have carried out the investigations on crack initiation toughness of the weld, fatigue crack propagation under seaway loading, the potential of defect detection by ultrasonic testing, and the crack-arrest methods after brittle crack propagation. Practical recommendations to prevent brittle fracture of large container ships were proposed based on these comprehensive investigations. The essential parts of the above research activities are presented in this paper. 相似文献
23.
Yasuhiko Inukai Koutarou Horiuchi Takeshi Kinoshita Hiromasa Kanou Hiroshi Itakura 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2001,6(1):31-41
A new, high-speed, recreational dinghy has been developed. It is a catamaran with submerged hydrofoils, which allow the crew
to control the trim and heel balances. The two hulls are allowed to rotate about a main beam. The hydrofoils, which are attached
below each hull, change the angle of attack independently, and the difference between the lift forces acting on each hydrofoil
makes the catamaran stable. The stability of the boat is examined by numerical calculations and one-third scale model tests.
Received: September 14, 2000 / Accepted: July 3, 2001 相似文献
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As the problem of full transit vehicles is encountered daily by passengers in most of the big cities, previous research evaluated the consequence of overcrowding in terms of on‐board crowding and passengers not being able to board with full vehicles. The impact of overcrowding in the real world is, however, not necessarily proportional to these numbers. This paper attempts to specify the critical lines and stations of a network by considering the number of passengers failing to board and attempting to evaluate its impact on service quality and safety risks. The hypothesis is that larger stations with wider platforms can often cope better with overcrowding than smaller stations. Therefore a station size dependent satisfaction function is proposed, which takes values from 0 to 1. The method is applied to London's underground network with a number of scenarios which show critical stations in the network if delays occur. 相似文献
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Comparing the self-assessed and examiner-assessed driving skills of Japanese driving school students
Previous research about subjective driving skills has revealed that drivers, especially younger males, tend to rate their driving skills more highly than those of the average driver. This study examines the accuracy of Japanese novice drivers' self-evaluation of their driving skills by comparing their self-assessments with assessments made by a driving examiner. We also examined the effects of gender and age on the accuracy of driver self-evaluation of their skills. 相似文献
28.
介绍了磁浮车辆上采用的备用机械制动系统和轮盘制动系统的技术要求,着重阐述了轮盘制动系统的研制及试验. 相似文献
29.
Yumiko Miura Hiroshi Tokutake Katsuhiko Fukui 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2007,45(9):807-817
The present study proposes an objective handling qualities evaluation method using driver-in-the-loop analysis. The driving simulator experiments were performed for various driving conditions, drivers and vehicle dynamics. The response characteristics of the driver model and the closed-loop system were analyzed. The analysis revealed the driving strategies clearly, indicating the importance of closed-loop analysis. Using the identified driver model and its strategies, a cost function of the handling qualities was constructed. The cost function can be used to estimate the handling qualities analytically from the vehicle dynamics. The proposed method was validated by comparison with the handling qualities evaluation rated by the driver's comments. 相似文献
30.
Hiroshi Kawabe 《Journal of Marine Science and Technology》2002,6(3):135-147
This report is concerned with the statistical analysis of the long-term distribution of a wave-induced load, and examines
which factors influence the long-term distribution of the load level, e.g., the significant wave height, the mean wave period
of the supposed wave condition, and the relative angle between the ship's course and the wave direction. The long-term distribution
is broken down into these factors, and a contribution rate analysis method for each factor in each load level in the long-term
distribution is introduced. Based on the method used, the contribution rate of a specific mean wave period and a wave angle
encountered is clarified, when the long-term distribution is larger than other wave periods and wave angles. The specific
mean wave period and wave angle encountered are defined as the wave condition which governs the long-term distribution. The
maximum wave-induced load in the vicinity of a probability of exceedance of around 10−8 in the long-term distribution is decided by the most severe short-term wave condition which has the largest significant wave
height with a specific mean wave period. Based on S–N curves and Miner's rule, the relation between the fatigue damage and the supposed wave condition is examined. The contribution
rate analysis method for fatigue damage is introduced. The governing wave condition and the most severe short-term wave condition
also have an important effect on the fatigue damage. A simple estimation method for the long-term distribution, described
by the Weibull distribution from the statistical properties of the most severe short-term wave condition, is introduced. Several
examples show the applicability of the estimation method.
Received: November 22, 2001 / Accepted: January 9, 2002 相似文献