先张法预应力钢绞线混凝土空心板梁的运用及问题建议

以乌鲁木齐市外环路东北段高架工程先张法预应力钢绞线混凝土空心板梁结构为工程实例,就"单板受力"的病害特征、原因及防治进行了探讨。     

交通噪声环境影响及互动式规划环评的应对

交通噪声投诉已居各大城市居民投诉之首,但交通噪声污染治理仍处于"先污染后治理"的模式。合理的交通规划和城市土地使用规划是解决城市交通噪声污染问题的治本之道。然而目前城市规划的各个层次对交通噪声预防考虑不足。该文提出了与规划过程互动的规划环评程序和方法,以期得到噪声污染影响最小的城市规划用地布局方案和交通规划方案。     

预制装配式箱涵的实用计算方法研究

预制装配式箱涵使用前景广阔,而实用计算方法研究相对滞后。通过土涵相互作用三维有限元模型分析,对传统平面框架模型在该类箱涵的应用效果进行检验,改进了传统模型,建立了实用计算方法。研究表明,该方法准确便捷,适合于工程设计使用。     

山区高速公路预制场建设

T梁预制是桥梁施工的重点控制工程,随着我国高速公路管理水平的提高,梁场的标准化建设日益成熟,但是,山区高速公路复杂的地形,狭小的场地直接限制了梁场的建设,目前山区高速公路根据现场情况主要在路基上建设梁场,既节约征地,又方便架梁,取得了良好的效果。该文以承秦高速公路预制场建设为例,详细介绍如何在路基上建设梁场。     

Comprehensive lateral driver model for critical maneuvering conditions

A new comprehensive driver model is presented for critical maneuvering conditions with more accurate dynamic control performance. In order to achieve a safe maneuvering mode, a new path planning scheme to maintain stability of the vehicle was designed. A new steering strategy, considering the errors of vehicle position and yaw angle between the real track and the planned path, was established to obtain the steering angle. Therefore, the vehicle can be adjusted to accurately follow the desired path with the driver model, and the stability of the vehicle and the smoothness of the steering angle input were comprehensively considered. Simulation results were used to validate the control performance in comparison with the optimal preview driver model proposed by Macadam.     

Parameter identification for a LuGre model based on steady-state tire conditions

The purpose of this study was to effectively identify parameters for a LuGre friction model based on experimental measures. In earlier work related to this study (Yang et al., 2009), which was based on the characters of polygonal wear (Sueoka and Ryu, 1997), we showed a frictional vibration model for a mass on a moving belt. This model reflected lateral vibrations caused by velocity and toe-in angle. An important aspect of the present study is the improved friction model. A previous friction model, which divided the process into four parts, expressed the sable excited vibration well but failed to reflect the hysteresis loop change when vehicles accelerated or decelerated continuously. A LuGre friction model can solve this problem, but several model parameters must be obtained experimentally. We measured contact width and length of tires as vertical pressure changed; this provided a theoretical basis for apparent stiffness of a unit of tire tread. Based on tire data from Bakker E’s article in a SAE paper from 1987, we identified the Stribeck exponent and Stribeck velocity in LuGre. Then, the results were implemented in a vibration system that verified the rationality of the data.     

城市新区行人立体过街设施设置分析——以贵阳市金阳新区为例

城市新区因未完全城市化、居民入住率低等原因,不能用一般城市区域的方法来分析研究行人立体过街设置问题。以贵阳市金阳新区为例,根据新区的公交规划数据,用高峰小时公交站点上下客及其过街的规律,定量分析金阳新区未来一些主要干道上的行人过街量,并结合未来主要干道上机动车高峰小时流量,分析这些主要干道上是否需要设置行人立体过街设施。     

船舶内燃机绝热包敷排气消声器温度场数值模拟

内燃机的排气是高温气体,排气消声器外表温度对周边临近设施的影响应控制在一定的限度内,其温度场状况依赖于绝热包敷的材料和结构性能。文中所研究的消声器模型是一个流固耦合传热模型。研究使用CFD软件对模型进行三维数值模拟,采用带有传热面的消声器计算模型,用N-S方程和k-ω模型来模拟消声器内部流场及壁面温度场,并对计算结果进行后处理分析。     

湖北武麻高速公路橡胶沥青路面设计与应用

通过室内试验和现场施工相结合的方法研究了橡胶沥青SMA-16和AC-20沥青混合料力学性能,提出了在中上面层之间设置橡胶沥青+单级配碎石粘接层的新方法,并对其使用效果进行了试验验证,采用BISAR软件计算了各结构层层底拉应力,据此进行了武麻高速公路橡胶沥青路面优化设计。研究结果和实体工程应用表明,橡胶沥青路面优化设计提高了抗裂性能和抗水损坏能力,并节约了工程造价。     

内河船舶垃圾接收处理问题探析

水环境治理长期存在着"守法成本高、执法成本高、违法成本低"的两高一低现象,本文针对船舶垃圾污染物接收过程存在的问题进行简要分析,并提出了相关建议,认为需要采用多管齐下的方法,明确船舶垃圾交付相关管理规定和收费标准,提高对船舶垃圾交付的现场监管力度,并对船主从经济角度给予实惠和执法上给予警示。