汽车与行人碰撞事故再现及行人致伤特点分析

通过对事故中汽车损坏痕迹及行人伤亡情况的鉴定及模型的建立,构建事故碰撞环境,使用成熟事故再现软件PC-Crash对汽车与行人碰撞事故发生过程进行重建,对行人碰撞后的运动响应及各损伤部位的动力学响应参数进行分析,将仿真结果中行人的运动响应、损伤部位的伤亡程度及动力学响应结果与法医学尸检报告中的客观事实进行对比,得出基于PC—Crash的仿真结果与实际情形基本符合的结论。因此,利用计算机仿真技术快速重建有行人参与的事故碰撞过程,分析行人的致伤方式并提供损伤部位的动力学响应参数等,对于交通伤法医学鉴定及深化交通伤机理研究具有参考价值。     

城市轨道交通地下车辆基地的实践

北京焦化厂车辆段作为北京第一个大型轨道交通地下车辆基地,在提升土地价值、协调城市面貌、改善周边交通等方面做了有益的尝试。阐述了北京焦化厂车辆段的设计模式与特点,并分析了建设地下车辆基地的制约因素与解决方案,提出地下车辆基地要根据城市发展的整体规划与经济发展水平,因地制宜地进行建设,且应与物业开发同步设计、建设,才能达到综合效益的最大化。     

Investigating user perception on autonomous vehicle (AV) based mobility-on-demand (MOD) services in Singapore using the logit kernel approach

The rapid development of autonomous vehicles (AV) in recent years has drawn the attention of numerous countries in terms of its feasibility for use and deployment as individually-owned vehicles or for large-scale fleet planning and deployment as a mobility-on-demand (MOD) service. Singapore is no exception to this global trend and in her pursuit to be smart and car-lite, numerous efforts are made to have AV trials in place and test out their potential deployment in the city state. As one of the many prerequisites of AV planning, public perception on AV plays a vital role when designing any potential AV deployment scheme. As such, a stated preference survey comprising both online survey and field interviews/surveys, was performed island-wide to understand how commuters in Singapore perceive about different AV-based MOD modes. The logit kernel model is adopted to determine how different preference attributes and key demographic indicators can affect the use of AV-based MOD services over other existing first- and last-mile connection modes. The model results have identified how demographics such as gender, age, housing type, education level and income level can influence the travel mode choice. Also, the impacts brought by individuals’ stated preferences over convenience, privacy and familiarity of ride-hailing apps are also investigated. Such findings can provide useful insight in planning future car-lite towns and implementing AV-based MOD services in these towns.

     

活性炭填充乘用车座椅泡沫对气味VOC影响的研究

乘用车座椅是车内表面积最大的零部件,是车内空气异味与VOC的主要来源之一。将改性后的活性炭加入到聚氨酯泡沫反应体系中,得到1种能持续吸收聚氨酯泡沫中残留的小分子异味物质的材料。研究了不同粒径的改性活性炭在异氰酸酯溶液中的分散性,找到了活性炭填充的最佳粒径范围。在保证聚氨酯泡沫力学强度的基础上,填充的活性炭起到良好地吸收车内异味及VOC的作用。     

北京城市轨道交通车辆基地上盖开发装配式住宅设计研究

北京市以居住功能为主的车辆基地上盖开发项目,根据装配式建筑的实施要求,采用装配式住宅技术,这成为北京市车辆基地上盖开发新的研究方向.以北京市轨道车辆基地上盖开发项目为依托,对装配式住宅与上盖开发的契合度进行论述,从规划层面、建筑单体、结构荷载、地铁运营4个维度,对车辆基地上盖开发装配式住宅的影响因素进行分析探讨;结合北...