Subjective-utility travel time budget modeling in the stochastic traffic network assignment

ABSTRACT

In this article, we propose a new model called subjective-utility travel time budget (SU-TTB) model to capture travelers' risk-averse route choices. In the travel time budget (TTB) and mean-excess travel time (METT) model, a predefined confidence level is needed to capture the risk-aversion in route choice. Due to the day-to-day route travel time variations, the exact confidence level is hard to be predicted. With the SU-TTB model, we assume travelers' confidence level belongs to an interval that they may comply with in the route choice. The two main components of SU-TTB are the utility function and the TTB model. We can show that the SU-TTB can be reduced to the TTB and METT model with proper utility function for the confidence levels. We can also prove its equivalence with our recently proposed nonlinear-expectation route travel time (NERTT) model in some cases and give some new interpretation on the NERTT with this equivalence. Finally, we formulate the SU-TTB model as a variational inequality (VI) problem to model the risk-averse user equilibrium (RAUE), termed as generalized RAUE (GRAUE). The GRAUE is solved via a heuristic gradient projection algorithm, and the model and solution algorithm are demonstrated with the Braess's traffic network and the Nguyen and Dupuis's traffic network.     

State estimation in roll dynamics for commercial vehicles

Accurate lateral load transfer estimation plays an important role in improving the performance of the active rollover prevention system equipped in commercial vehicles. This estimation depends on the accurate prediction of roll angles for both the sprung and the unsprung subsystems. This paper proposes a novel computational method for roll-angle estimation in commercial vehicles employing sensors which are already used in a vehicle dynamic control system without additional expensive measurement units. The estimation strategy integrates two blocks. The first block contains a sliding-mode observer which is responsible for calculating the lateral tyre forces, while in the second block, the Kalman filter estimates the roll angles of the sprung mass and those of axles in the truck. The validation is conducted through MATLAB/TruckSim co-simulation. Based on the comparison between the estimated results and the simulation results from TruckSim, it can be concluded that the proposed estimation method has a promising tracking performance with low computational cost and high convergence speed. This approach enables a low-cost solution for the rollover prevention in commercial vehicles.     

快速老化小鼠的学习记忆缺陷及其生化机制

目的用快速老化小鼠(SAMP8)模拟老年痴呆,观察其学习记忆能力,并探讨其学习记忆能力下降的可能机制。方法采用10月龄SAMP8,并用同龄抗快速老化小鼠(SAMR1)作为正常对照。用水迷路检测近记忆以及空间学习记忆能力。用生物化学方法检测大脑皮层线粒体膜电位和ATP酶活力,观察线粒体功能;检测皮层和海马胆碱乙酰基转移酶(ChAT)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的活力,观察中枢胆碱能神经功能;检测血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力和丙二醛(MDA)含量,观察其全身性氧化应激状况。结果与SAMR1相比,SAMP8出现明显的衰老体征,其近记忆和空间学习记忆能力明显减弱,具有衰老和痴呆特征;皮层线粒体膜电位和ATP酶活力显著降低,海马ChAT活力显著下降,AChE活力显著升高,血清SOD活力稍有增高。结论SAMP8可以很好地模拟老年痴呆,其机制包括大脑皮层线粒体功能降低、海马胆碱能神经功能下降以及氧化应激等。     

跨既有线支架现浇简支梁桥施工方案研究

由于既有铁路安全限界的限制,新建跨既有铁路高墩简支梁桥的施工空间小、施工难度大,方案制定较为困难。针对跨既有铁路高墩简支梁桥的实际情况,确定盖梁、现浇梁的施工方案为托架与贝雷梁相结合的方法,经结构受力检算,方案构件均满足施工要求。实施结果表明:该方案较为经济、施工速度快、安全可靠,可为以后类似工程的施工提供参考。     

舰船电力系统保护性能优化的自适应算法

为满足舰船电力系统保护在快速性和选择性方面的要求,提出保护性能优化模型,根据电力系统的运行方式、拓扑结构和故障类型的变化,实时在线计算并修改保护整定值的自适应保护方法。将快速性和选择性指标作为保护性能综合指标的基本元素,采用模拟退火粒子群算法进行优化,最终实现不同运行工况下保护性能最优的整定值自适应调整。并在PSCAD/EMTDC软件中建立包含自适应保护算法的舰船电力系统保护仿真模型,仿真结果证明所提方法可有效提高系统保护性能。     

Tribon环境下船体分段拼板图自动设计方法研究

船体分段拼板图设计是船舶建造生产设计中的重要内容,目前主要依靠人工绘制,效率较低。基于Tribon的GEN文件对分段拼板图自动设计方法展开了研究,通过提取拼板图设计必需的图形信息并进行自动区域划分和定义,确定各类型数据间的相互逻辑关系。在此基础上,确定各类标注尺寸的自动计算方法,实现分段拼板图的自动设计,不仅能够提高拼板图设计的准确性,而且能够提高拼板图的设计效率。     

灌河口水动力条件对口门整治工程响应分析

为研究灌河口各整治工程实施后对河口纳潮量、潮位、流速的影响并提出最优的灌河口整治方案,首先分析了灌河口的自然条件;然后构建二维水流数学模型,根据实测资料对模型进行验证;最后利用数学模型对各整治方案实施前后的水力特性变化进行分析。口门整治工程实施后结果表明:仅导堤工程的实施对河口纳潮量影响较大,应配合航道疏浚工程来缓解其带来的影响;导堤工程和航道工程同时实施后,双导堤内水流进一步归顺,流速有所增大,对维持航道水深较有利。     

三轴单机客车转向随动桥的关键技术

介绍了三轴单机客车转向随动桥的关键技术，偏角的控制、转向梯形关系的确立、保障转向平稳等。     

摩托车音响系统的设计探析

多方面分析表明,在摩托车上加装音响系统是可行的,并根据实际情况提出了在摩托车上加装音响系统的设计原则和配置、安装型式.     

高速公路膨胀土路堑边坡生态改性试验与应用

通过对信阳至南阳高速公路南阳典型膨胀土路堑边坡生态改性试验研究及工程应用,探索了中弱膨胀土边坡防护新技术。改良后的坡面1m厚度范围土体的膨胀性大为减小,边坡稳定,绿化效果良好,方法经济适用,对类似工程具有一定参考价值。