我国AIS建设与应用

AIS系统建立了船-船,船-岸的信息交换平台,为真正实现海上交通安全的信息化管理提供了重要手段。     

浅谈三峡库区的GPS建设现状及前景展望

介绍了三峡库区的GPS船舶定位导航系统,指出未来三峡库区船舶导航信息系统的发展,将以DGPS、VTS、VHF、AIS、CCTV、RS等主流前沿的信息技术融合同步,与长江航运行业管理、航运安全、生产服务、物流商务等各领域的主要航运业务进行综合集成。     

基于多线程的AIS信息处理与存储

PC机能够从AIS设备接收信息进行处理与存储。AIS信息是以NMEA语句的形式出现的,主要有13种,符合IEC61162-1和ITU1371-1协议。分析信息的构成和解析信息得到数据的方法,并使用Delphi多线程的技术完成对AIS信息的解析,数据存储于SQL Server2000数据库中,满足了长期数据存储的需要。     

AIS与船舶航行安全

船舶自动识别系统(AutomaticIdentificationSystem,简称AIS)是一种新型的船用助航设备,IMOMSC73会议已通过AIS强制性安装议案。针对AIS的发展过程与技术性能,讨论了AIS设备的应用对船舶航行安全所起的重要作用。     

船舶自动识别系统的检查

对船舶自动识别系统的内容、功能、配备要求作了简要阐述,对AIS系统实际检查作简要分析。     

AIS信息处理器的研究

我国作为航运大国，研制开发自主知识产权的AIS，具有巨大的社会效益和经济效益。在分析AIS主要使用技术的基础上，对AIS的核心部件——信息处理器进行了硬件设计和软件编程，实现了AIS通信的底层软硬件支持，为进一步开发功能完善的AIS产品奠定了基础。     

电子海图信息系统(ECDIS)在船舶航行中的应用

为进一步丰富电子海图信息系统的功能,更好地发挥电子海图信息系统在海上航行中的作用,本文主要介绍ECDIS与雷达、AIS、VTS的兼容作用,进行数据融合,优势互补,为船舶导航提供可靠的信息。通过兼容作用确保船舶安全航行、船舶避碰和岸基服务具有十分重要的意义。     

Artificial forces for virtual autonomous ships with encountering situations in restricted waters

ABSTRACT

Even if the same two ships operate in the same encountering situation, the actual strategies and timing of operations may be different. Therefore, the fixed collision avoidance trajectory and ship movements are no longer suitable for simulating the real ship behaviour. This paper tries to develop an artificial intelligent system that fully sensitive to the local circumstances and command a ship in virtual environment. Based on AIS (Automatic Identification System) data, this study has developed artificial forces which help decision makings on-board independently under different situations and catching the stochastic nature of ship behaviours during collision avoidances manoeuvring. Actual ship tracks are helpful for ascertaining the parameters that contribute to artificial forces in collision avoidances, while the correlation coefficient analysis is helpful to distinguish the parameters. This study will help to develop a navigation traffic simulation to reflect the realistic ship behaviour and provide reliable information for port and waterway planning, risk analysis, and mitigation measures. The method can be used in developing algorithms for autonomous ships. The method introduced in this study lays a foundation for developing artificial forces at intersections or bends, although the model is only applicable in straight channels at the moment.     

考虑对地航速和航向的船舶典型轨迹提取方法

基于船舶自动识别系统(Automatic Identification System, AIS)数据的船舶典型轨迹挖掘需要经过两个重要步骤，一是压缩 AIS 数据，二是聚类压缩后的 AIS 数据。传统的DP(DouglasPeucker)压缩算法，只考虑船舶轨迹的压缩形状，忽视了船舶航行中其他重要信息。为解决此问题，把对地航速和航向加入到DP算法的压缩过程中。在AIS轨迹聚类方面，传统谱聚类方法只对船舶轨迹的位置进行相似性度量，没有考虑船舶轨迹的其他维度，针对此问题，提出多属性轨迹相似性度量方法。由于不同的输入参数影响着最终的聚类质量，引入Calinski-Harabasz指标评价谱聚类算法，实现聚类参数的自适应选择。利用山东威海水域的实际AIS数据进行实例研究，并与传统谱聚类算法做比较实验。实验结果表明，利用该方法提取到的典型轨迹符合真实水域的交通情况，相较于传统谱聚类方法具有更高的聚类质量。     

Port-city exhaust emission model: An application to cruise and ferry operations in Las Palmas Port

Exhaust emissions cause air pollution and climate change. The exhausts of shipboard fuel combustion are equally damaging particularly, so close to the environmentally sensitive mainland and island coasts, as well as at ports due to their urbanized character. This paper estimates, for the first time, exhaust pollutants related to cruise and ferry operations in Las Palmas Port and, in an island context. Emission assessment is based on a full bottom-up model and messages transmitted by the Automatic Identification System during 2011. Results are described as a breakdown of NOx, SOx, PM_2.5, CO and CO₂, according to ship classes, operative type and time, providing valuable information to environmental policy makers in port-city areas and islands under similar conditions. It is generally concluded that vessel traffic and passenger shipping in particular are a source of air pollution in Las Palmas Port. Emission maps confirm location of hot spots in quays assigned for cruise and ferry operations. Policy recommendations encourage regular monitoring of exhaust emissions and market-based incentives supported by details on polluting and operative profiles. On the other hand, feasibility studies are suggested for automated mooring, LNG bunkering facilities and also shore-side energy services, prioritizing berthing of shipping sectors (or sub-sectors) with the highest share of exhaust emissions once their local effects have been confirmed by a dispersion, exposure and impact assessment.