客车设计中的"老龄化"要素

分析我国客车设计中的人性化要素,尤其是针对老年人的人性化设计要求。     

绝热材料下沉对蒸汽管道热损失的影响

文中从绝热材料下沉的角度，利用形状因子法对高温蒸汽管线保温问题进行了探讨。通过理论分析和实验测试，得出了“复合硅酸盐保温涂料＋复合硅酸盐保温型材＋复合硅酸盐保温涂料”的保温结构，可有效改善绝热材料的下沉问题。     

电喷发动机怠速游车的故障分析

以电子燃油喷射发动机怠速控制理论为基础，结合一辆丰田CAMRY怠速游车严重，一辆三菱PAJERO越野车加速无力、怠速游车且游车时车速变化较为缓慢，一辆三菱PAJERO越野车怠速不稳、排气管冒黑烟等故障实例，详细分析了进气系统、供油系统、点火系统、电控系统工作状况对车辆怠速游车的影响。     

自卸式远洋散装水泥运输船特殊结构强度分析研究

以远洋散装水泥运输船为研究对象,采用三维有限元分析方法及ＤＮＶ船级社的ＳＥＳＡＭ结构计算软件,从船体结构强度、船舶振动预报和船体结构温度应力等方面对该型船结构设计的多项技术难点进行了详细的计算和评估。并且着重对大型散装水泥运输船间断内底板、中纵舱壁以及高腹板旁桁材等特殊结构的受力状态及应力分布进行分析和探讨。为自卸式散装水泥运输船的结构优化设计提供技术支撑。     

隧道尾排水型快艇性能试验研究

采用隧道尾而增大螺肇桨直径是提高排水型快艇快速性能的一条重要途径。文章介绍了１艘隧道尾排水型快艇的模型阻力,自航试验结果,并分析了过渡阶段快艇的自航要素特点,可供此类艇的设计参考。     

Stress intensity factor measurement of cracks using piezoelectric element

A stress intensity factor (SIF) measurement method for cracks using a piezoelectric element and an electrostatic voltmeter is presented. In this method, an isotropic piezoelectric element is first attached near the tip of the crack. Then surface electrodes are attached to three different positions on the piezoelectric element. The electric potentials of the surface electrodes, which are proportional to the sum of the stress ( _x + _y ) on the structural member, are measured by an electrostatic voltmeter during load cycling. The mode I and mode II SIFs of the crack are estimated using the relationship between the SIF and ( _x + _y ). The applicability of the proposed method is examined through experiments and numerical analysis.     

中职普通车工实训课程项目化教学的实践探索

为了充分发挥出中职院校的作用,推动当地经济水平的提升,中职院校在进行人才培养工作时,应该培养更多实践能力较强的人才。项目化教学的教学效果较为明显。本篇文章简要分析了中职院校普通车工实训教学中出现的不足,提升了中职普通车工实训课程项目化教学实践措施,探究了项目化教学获得的成绩,希望能够为中职院校普通车工实训课程的顺利开展提供支持。     

Public transit subsidies, output effect and total factor productivity

This paper extends previous works on total factor productivity decomposition when firms receive both operating and capital subsidies. It shows that previous works considered either the lump-sum or substitution effects of these subsidies but not together. Using constrained cost minimization as the framework it offers formal proofs to show that cost increases are inevitable if the total effects of the subsidies are considered, and that total factor productivity growth results from increasing amounts of subsidies under economies of scale and in the absence of technical change. Applications of the decomposition equations derived to a sample of transit systems finds near constant returns to scale and negative contributions of these subsidies to total factor productivity growth. Technical change reverses this decline and results in total factor productivity growth. Further, it finds that the lump-sum effects of the subsidies reduce total factor productivity more than does the substitution effect.     

静载锚固性能试验影响因素分析

结合铁路工程钢绞线一锚具组装件的静载锚固性能试验检测，对影响试验结果的各种因素进行了分析，并指出相应的解决措施。提出试验过程的有效控制是试验科学性和数据结果可靠性的有力保证。     

并联混合动力汽车ECMS的时变等效因子提取算法的研究

为解决当前等效燃油消耗最小控制策略(ECMS)未能根据实际工况选取最优等效因子的问题,利用动态规划算法(DP)和ECMS各自的优点,构建并联混合动力汽车能量算法模型,即采用动态规划算法的等效燃油消耗最小控制策略(ECMSwDP),将等效因子作为全局最优算法的控制变量,通过对等效因子的离散全局优化,获得基于工况的最佳时变等效因子。在标准工况下对时变等效因子实时控制策略与全局最优控制策略DP的各项性能参数进行了数值仿真,验证了时变等效因子提取算法的有效性和等效因子初始值选取方法的可行性。