对高校深入开展十七大精神学习活动的若干思考

党的十七大不仅对我们国家的经济发展和社会进步具有战略意义，也为广大青年的健康成长进一步指明了前进的方向。我们应以胡锦涛总书记在今年“五四”期间对广大青年提出的争做“四个新一代”的要求为抓手，把学习宣传贯彻十七大精神的活动不断地引向深入。     

Factors Influencing the Participation of Local Governmental Officials in the National Estuary Program

Participation by local governmental officials is not given the same attention in the literature as that of citizens, publics, technical experts, or stakeholders. Yet, local governments are often a keystone to successfully implementing and enforcing coastal management policies. Qualitative analysis of open-ended interviews with local government officials from three national estuary program applications in New England revealed factors related to nine themes that shaped decisions to participate or not. Three categories of factors help to clarify the different types of influence agencies have over local government officials' decisions about whether or not to participate: factors associated with the character of individuals, with the context, and with the process. This taxonomy helps to clarify the kinds of opportunities available to project leadership to influence local government officials toward participating in regional coastal management processes. An important finding is that project staff should listen and learn about the concerns of local government officials and then create a process that accommodates and overcomes barriers to their participation.     

电力用户谐波测量与评估

随着我国电力市场的建立和电能需求的大量增加,电能质量日益显示出其重要性,电力部门对电能质量的关注也日益增强。另一方面,随着用电设备的更新,用户对供电系统的电能质量提出了更高的要求。自上世纪80年代初开始,我国电力专家展开大规模的电力谐波研究,相关谐波国家标准已于1994年实行。本文介绍谐波国标在电气化铁路的应用经验,讨论电力用户谐波测量、评估方法,以及用户谐波指标分配公式的计算条件和参数含义。根据我国部分电气化铁道牵引变电所谐波实测数据,通过一些实例说明谐波国家标准GB/T 14549-1993用于电气化铁路存在的一些问题,并就贯彻执行谐波国家标准方面提出一些建议。     

Road traffic conditions in Kenya: Exploring the policies and traffic cultures from unstructured user-generated data using NLP

Road traffic accidents (RTA) are a prevalent cause of fatality with African countries having the highest fatality index (25–34 per quota). The World Health Organization estimates Kenya's fatality rate due to RTA at 28 per quota. From literature, the country's fatality and injuries have increased by 26% and 46.5%, respectively, since the year 2015. The country is faced with incomplete RTA data capturing, hindering effective planning and policy adjustments to curb the menace. In this paper, we scrapped user-generated data (Twitter) and national transport and safety authority's (NTSA) reports to shed light on traffic safety, practices, and cultures in the country. To this end, we gathered 1,000,000 tweets and 8000 speeding entries between 2015 and 2021 and performed natural language processing (NLP) and quantitative study of the data. We applied NLP and n-gram search of keywords to categorize data into 8 topics: traffic, public service vehicle (PSVs), policing, accident, infrastructure, recklessness, robbery, and corruption. From the data, policing, which touches on all police and law-enforcement-related activity was found to be highly correlated with PSVs, recklessness, accidents, traffic congestion, robbery, infrastructure, and corruption with indices of r(76) = 0.92, 0. 91, 0.87, 0.82, 0.81, 0.76, and 0.70, respectively with p < 0.001. The topic modeling confirmed the identified topics to be the latent discussion issues affecting the public. From the study, PSVs, policing and traffic flow were isolated as key issues that ought to be addressed immediately. The research recommended the integration of driver monitoring systems to strengthen policing. The research, which utilized unstructured data, points to the utility of data mining which would greatly benefit traffic research, particularly African-based studies, that suffer from data inadequacy.     

货运信息交流系统设计

分析了货运实载率低下的现状与原因,应用系统工程的观点,按照国家智能运输系统(ITS)体系框架研究的方法,确立了货运信息交流系统的服务主体、用户主体,明确了系统用户需求,设计了系统的逻辑框架和物理框架。     

国Ⅳ车辆燃用国Ⅲ柴油的影响研究

本文通过对国Ⅳ车辆使用国Ⅲ柴油时的整车性能及排放进行试验数据分析及研究,得出国Ⅳ车辆在短期内限定工况下可以使用国Ⅲ柴油,但排放不能完全达到国家第Ⅳ阶段车用压燃式发动机与汽车污染物排放标准,且影响车辆性能不宜长期使用的结论,为国Ⅳ产品的设计、售后服务提供依据和参考。     

印度应对城市机动化策略

为应对快速的城市机动化进程及其带来的负面影响,印度政府早期采取诸如修建立交桥和拓宽道路等办法,结果却导致了更多的机动车数量增加和更严重的交通拥堵。为此,印度政府实施了＂国家城市交通政策＂,重点投资公共交通和非机动交通方式;同时还制定了＂国家城市更新计划＂,以此建立鼓励地方政府执行国家政策的激励机制,提高对城市基础设施的投资水平。这些创新政策的实施,推动了一系列公共交通项目的发展,也促进了城市内部交通体制改革和城市综合交通发展规划的制定。     

大型活动交通研究范围确定方法

在城市建设项目交通影响分析(TIA)中有关交通研究范围确定方法研究成果的基础上,从大型活动的交通需求特征和交通流特征出发,研究大型活动交通研究范围的确定方法.提出了大型活动交通研究范围的确定流程与主要步骤、大型活动交通研究范围确定的两项关键技术:观众吸引总量预测技术和观众生成及分布预测技术,确定了大型活动交通研究范围的判定阈值.选择"十运会"开幕式进行了实例分析.     

User perceptions about marine wilderness on Australia's Great Barrier Reef

Wilderness traditionally has been a terrestrial resource designation. This study examined user perceptions related to the existence of wilderness in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (GBRMP), and raises questions about the efficacy of the GIS based Australian National Wilderness Inventory (ANWI) as a method of inventorying and analyzing wilderness settings in the absence of such perceptions. Three hundred eighty‐three users of the GBRMP were surveyed. Results indicated that over 80% of the respondents believed that wilderness existed in the park, and that it existed both above and below the surface of the water. Characteristics of wilderness related to human presence, natural features, and remoteness were found to be important to marine wilderness. Responses revealed that remoteness (physical distance) from human development may warrant less weight in the designation of marine wilderness than implied as necessary by the ANWI. We discuss implications for selecting areas as wilderness and using the wilderness designation in marine settings.