Research on the Numerical Simulation of the Tempering Process of Steel

IntroductionTOimprovetheproductqualityandIowthecost,areIiablequanitativeanalysistoolforthedesignandoptimizationofheattreatInentishighlyneeded.Althoughmostoftheresearchworkfocusonthenumericalsimulationofquenchingt'-'],thenumericalsimulationoftemperingprocessofsteelhasalsobeenstUdied.TransformationofmartensiteintemperingisdescribedbytheAvramiequation,andthematerialconstantsusedintheequationisdeterminedbyexperiments,andtherelationbetWeencreepingvariableandstress,tempefatUreandtimeisexPressedb…     

Numerical simulations of fatigue crack initiation and propagation based on re-tensile plastic zone generating load criterion for in-plane gusset welded joints

Many accidents are caused by fatigue in welded built-up steel structures, and so it is important to estimate the fatigue lives of such structures quantitatively for safety reasons. By assuming that fatigue cracks cannot grow without an accumulation of alternating tensile/compressional plastic strain, one of the authors identified an improved effective stress intensity factor range ΔK _RPG based on the re-tensile plastic zone generating (RPG) load, which represents the driving force for fatigue cracks, and suggested that ΔK _RPG should be used as the parameter to describe fatigue crack growth behavior. The “FLARP” numerical simulation code in which ΔK _RPG is implemented as the fatigue crack growth parameter, was developed in order to predict fatigue crack initiation and propagation behavior. In this paper, it is demonstrated that FLARP gives accurate estimates for fatigue life by comparing the estimated fatigue crack growth curves and S–N curves with the experimental results for in-plane gusset welded joints, which are used in many welded steel structures. Moreover, the effect of induced bending moment due to the linear misalignment in the out of plane direction on the fatigue strength of in-plane gusset welded joints is investigated through numerical simulations.     

The impact of road traffic noise on urban protected areas: A landscape modeling approach

We modeled the propagation of traffic noise over the landscape and analyzed its impact on the structure and configuration of protected areas of the Twin Cities Metro Region, Minnesota. Using four noise thresholds, we found that at low and medium noise levels, 19% and 11% of the protected areas are within the road-effect zone. Using mean patch area and patch shape index, we measured the acoustic fragmentation of habitats. We found that at higher levels of noise patch shape index increased, while mean patch size decreased. The acoustic diversity of a patch is also found to be correlated with land cover type, patch area, and patch shape.     

心理因素影响下游客节假日错峰旅游出行行为研究

错峰出行是解决出行时间集中引起交通拥堵问题的重要措施. 本文以节假日游客错峰出行行为为研究对象，探究心理潜变量对其错峰出行意向及行为的影响机理. 基于计划行为理论，同时考虑节假日旅游满意度，构建节假日游客错峰旅游出行行为的结构方程模型. 定量研究了态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制、节假日旅游满意度4 个心理因素对游客节假日错峰旅游行为意向及行为的影响. 最后通过问卷调查数据进行了实例分析. 研究结果表明，4 个潜在变量对节假日错峰旅游出行行为意向具有显著影响，其中知觉行为控制是关键因素且影响最大，节假日旅游满意度对节假日错峰出行行为意向及行为有显著负向影响. 本研究可为节假日游客错峰旅游出行措施的制定提供参考依据.     

Investigation of ship waves in a narrow channel

This paper presents a discussion of the characteristics of ship waves in a narrow channel restricted by vertical walls, based on observed data and the results computed by a 2-D model. In the numerical model, the propagation of waves generated by a moving ship is simulated by solving 2-D depth-integrated Boussinesq equations. To get the boundary conditions at the location of the ship, the slender-ship approximation is employed. A field observation was carried out at a straight length of navigation channel. The ships targeted in the observations are two kinds of waterbuses with lengths of 28 and 24 m. The relative depth Froude number for the river current, an appropriate parameter for assessing the influence of the current on ship wave characteristics in a navigation channel, ranged from 0.47 to 0.76. The observed maximum wave height varied between 0.13 and 1.26 m. The maximum wave height of the wave train is sharply increased when the relative depth Froude number exceeds 0.6. The results computed by the present model agree fairly well with the observed data.     

航行船体周围稳态流场计算的双重面积分方法

将Galerkin方法与虚拟面元源汇分布方法相结合，发展了用于求解航行船体三维非均匀稳态流场速度势及其高阶偏微分的双重面积分方法。为验证该方法的有效性，进行了半浸圆球稳态流场的数值计算。通过与圆球绕流问题解析解的比较，表明积分表面单元划分和虚拟单元的设置方式等对最终数值结果的影响可忽略不计。本文方法有助于对航行船体的水弹性力学特性进行更合理和更完善的分析。     

银西铁路驿马黄土滑坡工程特性与变形研究

银西铁路途经黄土梁峁沟壑区,不良地质非常发育。通过现场地质调查、钻探、原位测试及室内土工试验等综合勘察手段,查明驿马滑坡的工程地质条件。驿马滑坡为一大型中深层-深层黄土质古滑坡,滑坡前缘临空,后缘发育陡坎,后缘后部黄土塬面发育陷穴,侧缘分布冲沟,且受灌溉、排水等人为扰动影响。采用地层宏观评判,土体物理参数细部数据分析,有限元数值模拟的方法,研究滑坡工程特性及变形规律,评价滑坡潜在危害,为铁路选线提供参考。     

EVS耦合地层-岩性三维地质建模方法在南宁地铁工程中的应用

为解决地质建模软件Earth Volumetric Studio（EVS）存在的地层建模方法无法对钻孔揭露地层比较复杂的情形进行层序划分，岩性建模方法无法生成连续光滑的层间界面等问题，以南宁市轨道交通3号线青秀山站至博艺路站区间段为研究对象，提出一种同时具有表达复杂透镜体和清晰的地质层面能力的EVS地层-岩性建模方法。通过工程实例将该方法分别与地层建模和岩性建模方法进行对比分析和交叉验证计算，结果表明采用地层-岩性建模方法建立的模型比单独使用地层模型和岩性模型更能反映实际的地质情况，且模型具有更高的精度，模型的相对误差和均方根误差较地层建模方法明显降低。     

形式化可测性约束在软件模型实现过程中的研究

在软件测试中，软件使用模型反映实际运行场景的能力是直接决定测试的成功与否的关键因素之一。一般可以通过对在需求分析阶段已生成的UML建模进行研究得到使用模型，但原始的UML模型，由于缺乏严格的定义及必要的约束，如果要生成高精度的软件模型，必须对其添加必要的形式化可测性约束。这正是文章研究的重点。     

双层采空区隧道开挖围岩稳定性数值模拟

隧道下穿煤层采空区开挖不可避免地会对周围地层产生扰动,"活化"既有采空区,影响隧道及采空区周围地层的稳定性。由于双层采空区的特殊性,采空区与采空区之间也会产生一定的影响。利用FLAC3D软件,通过控制变量法建立双层采空区隧道模型进行计算,考虑采空区高度及采空区之间间距的影响,对隧道开挖过程中围岩形变及位移、围岩应力及围岩塑性区的开展情况进行分析。得出双层采空区存在时,当采空区之间间距大于20倍煤层采高时,双层采空区可按单层采空区进行处理。