适用于正线机车的无线调车机车信号和监控系统的研究与试验

根据正线机车在沿线车站进行临时调车作业的特点,在既有的STP-yh(原DJK)型无线调车机车信号和监控系统的基础上,研发适用于正线机车的无线调车机车信号和监控系统。地面设备与计算机联锁系统的接口方式采用光通道,车载设备通过文件调用方式或者无线传输方法获取站场数据文件,机车定位采用基于GPS的综合定位技术。该系统在陇海线的试用结果表明,机车自动入网正确率达到了100%,实现了对正线机车在沿途车站进行调车时的作业安全防护。该系统将STP-yh系统的应用范围拓展至正线机车上。     

Observed and simulated traffic impacts from the 2013 Bay Area Rapid Transit strike

Despite high costs, many cities build public transit to address regional equity, environmental and economic goals. Although public transit accounts for a minority of trips (～5%), the impact is widely felt when service is suspended during a strike through excess road demand and slower journeys. In 2013, Bay Area Rapid Transit (BART) workers participated in two brief strikes, and the resulting traffic conditions illustrate the value of transit to drivers in the San Francisco Bay Area region. This paper tests the impact of rail transit service interruption on freeway traffic conditions using volumes and travel times. During the strike, regional freeway conditions showed negligible change. However, on facilities that parallel BART service, the impacts are as bad as the worst day of a typical week. Conditions on the San Francisco–Oakland Bay Bridge showed significant impacts with travel times and volumes nearly doubling the baseline median values on the worst day.     

城市轨道交通乘客信息服务系统数据结构分析

在对城市轨道交通乘客信息服务的需求分析基础上,提出单一线路轨道交通乘客信息服务系统的通用数据结构,为基于不同的信号系统数据建立乘客信息服务系统的设计提供一个跨信号系统和计算机信息系统的数据构造方案.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.