谈航行数据记录仪的港口国监督检查

文中在分析航行数据记录仪主要组成及功能的基础上,以IMO海上安全委员会通过的航行数据记录仪的相关决议为检查依据,结合港口国监督检查实践经验总结出航行数据记录仪检查要点及方法,结合检查实例进行阐述,以期能给同行提供一些有益的参考。     

基于客票数据的城市轨道交通车站客流控制决策研究

城市轨道交通大客流控制是保证运行秩序和乘客安全的客运组织管控手段,目前由运营人员根据经验进行大客流辨识和客流控制决策的模式具有一定的主观性和滞后性。基于自动售检票系统(AFC)历史客票数据,分析车站大客流的发展规律,基于实时客票数据和列车运行实绩,获取进站客流的实时聚集数量及其空间分布情况,提出的辅助决策方法能够基于客票数据确定车站客流控制等级和控制时机,具备较好的精确性和前瞻性。     

Flexible long range planning using low cost information

Contemporary transport planning requires a flexible modelling approach which can be used to monitor the implementation of a long term plan checking regularly its short term performance with easily available data; the original model is periodically updated using low cost information and this allows the evaluation of the changes to the plan which may be required. Such an approach requires models suited to regular updating and to the use of data from different sources. Models to update trip matrices from traffic counts have been available for some time; however, the estimation and/or updating of other model stages with low cost data has escaped analytical treatment. The paper discusses this idea and formulates the updating problem for an example involving a joint destination/mode choice model under various assumptions about the nature of the available data. Analytical solutions are proposed as well as some general conclusions.requests for offprints     

桥梁维修加固计算机系统框架研究

基于开发的桥梁维修加固计算机系统应用规范和荷载试验评定标准,通过采集的数据建立评价数据模型和决策数据模型,可对桥梁的损伤状况和承载能力作出评价,并通过专家咨询法给出损伤原因和决策措施,对类似工程具有一定的参考价值。     

D-S证据理论在多传感器融合中的应用

详细介绍了Dempster-Shafer证据理论，介绍了它在多传感器融合(MSF)中的应用，并举了一个具体的例子，实验结果验证了其有效性。     

利用机车信号数据分析补偿电容工作状态

为了弥补ZPW-2000移频轨道电路补偿电容动态检测盲区,通过实践验证并总结了利用机车信号数据分析站内侧线股道补偿电容工作状态的方法,从技术方法上解决了利用机车信号数据分析来弥补站内侧线股道处于动态检测死角问题,为分析ZPW-2000移频轨道电路补偿电容工作状态提供一种新方法。     

船-机-桨工况配合分析的三维图解法

三维图解法根据螺旋桨水动力特性的数学模型为运动状态参数的二元函数,用数据作图软件得到三维图,实现船-机-桨工况配合特性的可视化分析,是原有平面图解法的拓展.文章以实例说明该方法在稳定配合和过渡配合分析中的应用.     

信号交叉口车路环境对电动自行车释放膨胀特性的影响分析

电动自行车数量的急剧增长导致其在绿灯释放阶段膨胀特性明显，进而加重了交叉口的机非冲突、降低了车流的通行效率。利用视频轨迹提取技术，通过光流法的表现形式描述直行电动自行车在绿灯期间的膨胀特征，并根据其密度变化、膨胀差异和电动自行车对机动车的影响程度，确定出释放初期为主要研究时段；同时，提出了一种反映电动自行车膨胀变化的新型指标膨胀度，分别通过线性相关分析、秩相关性分析和偏相关分析，确定了车路环境中影响膨胀度的动态因素和静态因素；最后基于6个信号交叉口的实测数据，建立各因素与膨胀度的数学关系模型，并结合实际交通条件，给出不同车路环境下电动自行车的管控措施与渠化方法。研究结果表明：车路环境中的电动自行车流量、机动车流量、电动自行车过街距离、非机动车进/出口道宽度、机非分隔带设置情况这5种因素对膨胀度的影响能力各异，右转机动车流量与膨胀度相关性最高。此外，动态因素与膨胀度之间具有确定的函数关系，存在电动自行车与机动车流量均衡效益最大的优势区域；静态因素的差异会导致电动自行车膨胀形式的变化；膨胀度可与动态、静态因素构建复合函数模型。研究成果可为混合交通流的渠化设计和信号配时提供理论依据和技术支持。     

基于桥梁挠度长期监测值的动态预测

文章针对重庆高家花园嘉陵江大桥实时健康监测系统的挠度长期监测数据,根据监测信息的时间序列呈季节、循环等非平稳状态特点,介绍采用ARMA时间序列预测模型,对挠度监测数据中所包含的外荷载的变化趋势及结构抗力的衰变信息进行动态预测,同时建立了结构外效应的预测函数。结果表明,采用低阶模型能对挠度监测值进行较好的动态预测。     

A zonal inference model based on observed smart-card transactions for Santiago de Chile

The collection of origin–destination data for a city is an important but often costly task. This way, there is a need to develop more efficient and inexpensive methods of collecting information about citizens’ travel patterns. In this line, this paper presents a generic methodology that allows to infer the origin and destination zones for an observed trip between two public transport stops (i.e., bus stops or metro stations) using socio-economic, land use, and network information. The proposed zonal inference model follows a disaggregated Logit approach including size variables. The model enables the estimation of a zonal origin–destination matrix for a city, if trip information passively collected by a smart-card payment system is available (in form of a stop-to-stop matrix). The methodology is applied to the Santiago de Chile’s morning peak period, with the purpose of serving as input for a public transport planning computational tool. To estimate the model, information was gathered from different sources and processed into a unified framework; data included a survey conducted at public transport stops, land use information, and a stop-to-stop trip matrix. Additionally, a zonal system with 1176 zones was constructed for the city, including the definition of its access links and associated distances. Our results shows that, ceteris paribus, zones with high numbers of housing units have higher probabilities of being the origin of a morning peak trip. Likewise, health facilities, educational, residential, commercial, and offices centres have significant attraction powers during this period. In this sense, our model manages to capture the expected effects of land use on trip generation and attraction. This study has numerous policy implications, as the information obtained can be used to predict the impacts of changes in the public transport network (such as extending routes, relocating their stops, designing new routes or changing the fare structure). Further research is needed to improve the zonal inference formulation and origin–destination matrix estimation, mainly by including better cost measures, and dealing with survey and data limitations.