基于近似熵的交通流序列趋势变化检测

交通流趋势变化特征分析是交通流预测的基础．为了提取交通流序列随时间推移所呈现出来的宏观变化规律,提出了一种用于检测交通流序列趋势变化的滑动移除近似熵方法．通过对交通流序列趋势规律进行研究,首先将其细分为上升趋势、平稳波动趋势、下降趋势,然后根据不同趋势变化的时间序列复杂程度不同,建立了滑动移除近似熵方法求解其滑动移除近似熵的值,并根据得到的时间序列提取交通流序列趋势变化．最后以北京市四环路某一断面交通流序列为例,用建立的模型对交通流序列趋势变化进行检测,并与滑动t检验方法结果对比．研究结果表明本文提出的方法能够对交通流序列趋势变化进行检测,且检测结果与实际交通流序列趋势变化比较吻合,研究结论可为短时交通流预测建模提供拳者依据．     

车辆换道纵横向耦合控制

基于车辆纵横向动力学耦合模型,研究了自动化公路系统车辆换道纵横向耦合控制.假定换道过程中车辆横向加速度满足梯形约束,根据期望换道轨迹计算车辆换道时的期望横摆角和横摆角速度,依靠车载传感器获得车辆横摆角速度信息.采用有限时间滑模趋近律,设计了车辆换道纵横向耦合变结构控制规律.基于李雅普诺夫稳定性理论,对控制系统的稳定性进行了分析,得到了系统渐进稳定的充分条件.仿真结果表明:采用该控制规律,车辆在纵向速度变化的情况下能够良好地跟踪期望换道轨迹,跟踪误差小于0.06 m.     

高职数学课堂教学的整体设计

本文通过对高等职业教育的分析,结合数学教学的特点及其在高职教育中的地位和作用,制定了数学课堂教学的原则和数学课堂教学的整体设计,对于高职数学课堂教学具有一定的指导意义。     

工程变更的统计分析对投资控制的影响

针对就工程建设中普遍存在的投资失控现象,对由于工程变更对投资控制的影响进行了分析,并针对目前存在的工程变更导致投资增加的情况,提出了如何有效地进行工程变更控制.     

水位降落期间土质岸坡稳定性劣化机理及趋势

以三峡库区典型的土质岸坡为研究对象,通过GeoStudio软件对库区岸坡进行数值模拟,计算水库蓄水期间,水位由175 m降落到145 m的工况下,岸坡的饱和-非饱和渗流场的变化趋势,研究土质岸坡稳定性劣化机理。计算结果表明:库水位降落期间,随着渗透系数的减小,土质岸坡稳定系数下降得越快,且岸坡稳定系数曲线有相似的下降趋势。     

互通式立交变速车道及分流鼻处设计关键点浅析

该文指出互通式立交设计往往局限于满足规范要求就是满足了安全要求,设计者经常忽略运行过程中驾驶人员的心理、生理方面的感受以及车辆的行驶特性等。往往是满足规范的单个指标在某些场合组合在一起时,可能出现不安全因素。变速车道及分流鼻处的设计尤为如此,因此,在立交设计中应给予足够的重视。     

地下工程开挖与支护的非线性分析

运用耗散结构和熵变论分析了地下工程开挖后围岩应力变化和变形的非线性过程,并进一步用熵增加解释支护对围岩稳定的作用机理。岩体在变形的过程中出现了能量释放和熵减小,如果负熵大于围岩系统的熵,系统的熵增加为负,围岩系统从无序发展到有序,直到失稳。为了维护围岩的稳定性,在围岩系统中加入锚杆、喷浆等支护作为高熵物以提高系统的熵,能减小开挖前后应变能差异。     

Adoption intentions for micro-mobility – Insights from electric scooter sharing in Taiwan

Micro-mobility may alleviate a number of challenges facing big cities today, and offer a pathway toward more sustainable urban transportation. This research investigates what factors influence university students’ intention to use an electric scooter sharing service. A theoretical framework adapting the theory of planned behaviour was used. Survey responses from 471 university students in Taiwan were collected. Data were analysed using factor analysis and structural equation modelling. Respondents with different levels of usage intention and in different stages of behavioural change display distinct reasoning patterns. Lack of perceived compatibility with personal values, mobility needs and life-style particularly drives students with low usage intention and pre-contemplators, who show signs of “green hypocrisy”. Awareness-knowledge about the sharing system and environmental values influence the formation of usage intention in indirect ways. This study is intended to be a reference for subsequent conceptual and empirical work on e-scooter sharing in particular, and shared mobility with other types of powered two-wheelers.     

Forecasting the impacts of climate change on inland waterways

Inland waterways are vulnerable to climate change as river navigation depends on water levels. Droughts can severely disrupt inland navigation services by reducing water levels either to completely non-navigable ones or to levels that oblige operators to reduce vessel load. We analyse the impacts of droughts induced by climate change using projections of river discharge data provided by eleven different climate model runs. We consider location specific characteristics by focusing the analysis on four specific locations of the Rhine and the Danube where a substantial part of the total freight activity in the European Union (EU) takes place. For the majority of the cases and scenarios considered, a decrease of the number of low water level days is projected, leading to fewer drought related disruptions in the operation of the inland waterway transport system. Although the uncertainties from the climate projections should not be neglected, the navigation sector could benefit from global warming which means that European inland waterways might be one of the few sectors where climate change can have negligible, or even positive, impact. The average economic benefit, for the cases considered, from the decrease of low water levels by the end of the century is projected to be almost €8million annually.