论海运提单的运输合同属性

通过提单的历史演变及有关立法及业务实际程序考察,论述提单的运输合同属性,更正有关立法的误会。     

基于图像处理的桥墩防撞预警系统的研究

利用图像处理硬件设备，通过摄像头将视频信息采入，送入DSP进行分析处理；专门视频信息处理软件，运用各种图像处理技术，进行实时处理分析，对船舶进行实时监控。当船舶进入预警区，经计算机判断处理，提醒监控人员并通过广播对船舶驾驶人员发出警告，避免事故发生。 在图像序列处理技术的开发中，采用软硬件分离的方法，先进行基于Visual C＋＋的计算机软件设计研究；在软件中，研究了船舶检测、船舶跟踪与计算等内容。     

国有建筑施工企业作业队伍建设及发展方向

本文目的在于通过对施工企业在两层分离及队伍建设中的得与失的分析,寻求现实管理中作业队伍建设的有效方法。适应市场要求,结合产权改革、机制创新、资源整合、队伍建设及规范劳务用工管理等,正确定位企业。从建设自有作业队伍和组建具有独立法人资格的劳务企业入手,建立作业队伍建设与管理的长效机制。阐述其组建的可行性,从组建的形式、方法和作用等方面,提出意见和建议。明确坚持两层分离的发展方向,采取多种形式建设好作业队伍,是国有建筑施工企业生存发展的必由之路。     

分散压缩型锚索在船闸工程中的运用

主要介绍京杭运河淮安市淮安三线船闸土锚施工和试验情况。在软弱土层和复杂土质情况下,利用分散压缩型锚索的结构特点,通过土锚试验、完善设计、改进施工工艺等综合措施,保证达到设计承载力,对以后土锚的应用与发展起很大的作用。     

新型码头钢-混凝土组合面板

基于特殊需要,提出了带型钢加劲肋的钢板-混凝土组合板这一新型组合码头面板。以加劲肋形式、组合板厚度和栓钉布置为参数,进行了9块组合板的力学性能试验。试验结果表明,通过适当地选择型钢加劲肋形式、合理地布置栓钉和确定混凝土厚度,可以保证组合作用的发挥。组合板的正截面承载力可按基于修正平截面假定的极限状态计算;组合板的变形,可在按现行钢结构设计规范计算的基础上,加上考虑界面滑移影响的附加变形值予以修正。计算值与试验值吻合较好。     

因地制宜,综合施治,务实解决街坊小区积水顽症

上海市杨浦区某些街坊小区一遇暴雨即产生严重的积水问题。通过调查研究，找出病症，提出改造方案．有效地解决了小区的积水顽症。本文结合实际，总结了若干综合技术措施和行政管理、协调手段。     

Distribution of suspended sediment in the coastal sea off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River mouth: observation from TM data

Remote sensing technique was applied to estimate suspended sediment concentration (SSC) and to understand transportation, distribution and deposition of suspended sediment in the estuary and throughout the coastal sea, off the Ganges–Brahmaputra River mouth. During low river discharge period, zone of turbidity maximum is inferred in the estuary near the shore. SSC map shows that maximum SSC reaches 1050 mg/l in this period. Magnitude of SSC is mainly owing to resuspension of the bottom surface sediments induced by tidal currents flowing over shallow water depths. The influence of depth on resuspension is farther revealed from the distribution and magnitude of SSC along the head of Swatch of No Ground (SNG) submarine canyon. During high river discharge period, huge river outflow pushed the salt wedge and flashes away the suspended sediments in the coastal sea off the river mouth. Zone of turbidity maximum is inferred in the coastal water approximately within 5–10 m depth of water, where the maximum SSC reaches 1700 mg/l. In this period, huge fluvial input of the suspended sediments including the resuspended bottom sediments and the particles remaining in suspension for longer period of time since their initial entry control mainly the magnitude of SSC. In the estuary near the shore, seasonal variation in the magnitude of SSC is not evident. In the coastal sea (>5 m water depth), seasonal influence in the magnitude of SSC could be concluded from the discrepancy between SSC values of two different seasons. Transportation and deposition of suspended sediments also experiences seasonal variations. At present, suspended sediments are being accumulated on the shallow shelf (between 5 and 10 m water depth) in low discharge period and on the mid-shelf (between 10 and 75 m water depth) during high discharge period. An empirical (exponential) relationship was found between gradual settle down of suspended sediments in the coastal sea and its lateral distance from the turbidity maximum.     

航行船舶在浅水水底引起的压力变化

航行船舶在水底引起的压力变化对其自身安全有重要影响。通过船池模型试验研究，总结出了航行船舶水底压力的分布规律，分析了负压峰值的影响因素，提出了水压场换算方法。在浅水、薄船条件下，忽略非线性影响，得到了船舶水压场的简化计算公式，计算结果较好地反映了试验结果的变化规律。     

清水冲刷河床调整过程试验研究

通过沙质河床清水冲刷水槽试验,对河床纵剖面的调整、沙波尺度、粗化层厚度及其与沙波运动关系、粗化层级配、推移质级配等进行了观测分析,进一步揭示了清水冲刷,河床重建平衡的机理。水槽试验表明,沙质河床清水冲刷,上游河段比降调平,床沙粗化,沙波发育,河床阻力增大,水深增大,流速减小,导致河床供沙能力削弱,输沙能力降低,冲刷向不冲刷转化。     

长江中下游航道整治技术问题的几点思考

长江中下游的航道整治目前全面展开,很多技术问题亟待解决,为此结合目前的整治技术进展,对诸如整治河段单元的划分、目标河型的选择、工程区、守护工程功能属性转化、洲头鱼骨坝的作用扩展、汊道分流面、工程的结构型式等问题进行了商榷性讨论,为最终解决这些问题做一些铺垫性思考。