基于道路特征信息变化率的公路线形质量评价

公路线形质量对行车的舒适性和安全性有着非常重要的影响，如何合理有效地对其进行评价是一个有待解决的问题。从驾驶员行车时接受道路信息的角度出发，提出了道路特征信息变化率的概念，并作为评价公路线形质量的定量指标运用到平面线形、纵断面线形和平纵组合的评价研究中。研究表明：平曲线半径越小，驾驶员接受的道路特性信息变化率越大，驾驶员负担也越重；此外，平曲线长度、竖曲线半径及平纵组合都对道路特性信息变化率有较大的影响。研究成果可为改善公路线形，提高行车安全提供依据。     

仑-大区间隧道过河段盾构掘进难点及措施

文章以广州市轨道交通四号线大学城专线中,仑头至大学城区间右线隧道为例,介绍盾构机过仑头海掘进和在江底被困情况,阐述盾构机过河段掘进难点及处理措施,可供类似工程借鉴。     

机械式汽车悬架性能检测试验台闭环控制系统的开发

开发了机械式汽车悬架装置试验台闭环控制系统，设计了闭环控制算法，使试验过程中，保证加速度恒定，并通过实验验证了本系统的可行性和正确性，从而使新系统进一步满足汽车悬架特性测试的要求，又降低了研究成本。在软件的开发中，采用VC＋＋6.0语言编制控制系统，使得开发出的系统界面友好，操作方便，功能强大。     

汽车底盘测功机辅助驾驶装置的设计及其系统仿真

针对汽车底盘测功机进行试验时的人为误差因素,提出了辅助驾驶装置的设计方案及其模糊控制策略,并利用MATLAB/SIMULINK工具进行仿真。     

自动驾驶汽车的仿真

随着汽车自动化程度的提高，自动驾驶汽车已成为国内外的研究热点之一。本文设计了一种自动驾驶汽车的模型，它能根据道路的弯曲程度变化实时地计算出车辆的转向角度输入，控制车辆按照预设想道路行吮。     

驾驶循环对车辆能量经济性影响的研究

本文依据国内外具有代表性的不同驾驶循环对一实际的内燃机汽车和一构思的混合动力电动汽车的能量经济性进行了分析。研究了内燃机和电机的运行工况分布，并利用内燃机的万有特性图和电机及其控制系统的等效率曲线以及各驾驶循环的相关特性分析了产不同结果的原因。最后对内燃机汽车和混合动力电动汽车的能量经济性受驾驶循环的影响情况进行了比较和分析。     

Sustainability and automobility among the elderly: An international assessment

In the next three decades there will a huge increase in both the absolute number of older people and in their percentage of the populationin almost all Western European countries, North America, and Australia. Most older people will have active lifestyles in which mobility and access play a major role and almost all older men and a majority of older women will be car drivers, used to the convenience and flexibility which the car provides.Using data from the US, Australia, Germany, New Zealand, Norway, and the United Kingdom, the paper shows that, in spite of cultural and policy differences, older people around the world are more likely to have a license, to take more trips, and to do so more often as the driver of a car than older people just a decade ago; they are also less likely to use public transit. These trends have a number of sustainability implications – the most obvious one is increased environmental pollution. For example, even though older people may travel less than younger drivers they may be polluting proportionately more because a) they are less likely to make as great a proportion of trips in public transit as younger people and b) the trips they do make may create more pollutants. In addition, older drivers may incur more wasted miles due to wayfinding errors and trip-scouting behavior. And when older people curtail their driving, younger family members may have to increase (or lengthen) their trip-making to provide needed services or additional transportation.While this paper stresses the environmental problems posed by an aging population, effective strategies arise from a focus on a broader definition of sustainability. The most important approach is to accept the inevitable and work to make the private car "greener" and safer. New transit service concepts and strategic community and neighborhood design and service elements can complement the development of cleaner cars.Although many of the potential strategies are not new, or can be expensive to implement, the convergence of environmental concerns with other problems arising from the automobility of the elderly – including increasing crash rates and serious loss of mobility among those unable to drive – may make these policies more politically viable than in the past.     

Integrated solution for anomalous driving detection based on BeiDou/GPS/IMU measurements

There has been an increasing role played by Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) applications in recent decades. In particular, centimeter/decimetre positioning accuracy is required for some safety related applications, such as lane control, collision avoidance, and intelligent speed assistance. Lane-level Anomalous driving detection underpins these safety-related ITS applications. The two major issues associated with such detection are (1) accessing high accuracy vehicle positioning and dynamic parameters; and (2) extraction of irregular driving patterns from such information. This paper introduces a new integrated framework for detecting lane-level anomalous driving, by combining Global Positioning Systems (GPS), BeiDou, and Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) with advanced algorithms. Specifically, we use Unscented Particle Filter (UPF) to perform data fusion with different positioning sources. The detection of different types of Anomalous driving is achieved based on the application of a Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) with a newly introduced velocity-based indicator. The framework proposed in this paper yield significantly improved accuracy in terms of positioning and Anomalous driving detection compared to state-of-the-art, while offering an economically viable solution for performing these tasks.     

城市道路环境下自动驾驶车辆接管绩效分析（双语出版）

为了分析城市道路环境下高度自动驾驶中非驾驶相关任务和接管紧迫度对接管绩效的影响，基于驾驶模拟器设计了自动驾驶紧急接管场景并开展驾驶模拟试验，接管请求时间分别设定为3，4，5 s，非驾驶相关任务为读新闻、看视频、玩游戏，自动驾驶车速为50 km·h^-1，试验中共招募了49名被试（男性30名，女性19名），被试的平均年龄为31.06岁（标准差为7.1岁），驾驶人在自动驾驶阶段始终执行非驾驶相关任务，听到接管请求提示后需要接管车辆的控制权，并实施紧急避让操作。研究结果表明：在紧急接管情况下，接管紧迫度对合成加速度和最小TTC有影响，而对接管时间无影响，与5 s的接管请求时间条件相比，3，4 s的接管请求时间条件下的合成加速度明显增加，而最小TTC则随接管请求时间的减少而降低；非驾驶相关任务对接管时间和最小TTC有影响，而对合成加速度无影响，与无非驾驶相关任务相比，非驾驶相关任务会显著增加接管时间和降低最小TTC；碰撞几乎都发生在3 s和4 s的接管请求时间下，5 s的接管请求时间能够基本保证接管的安全性。     

变频调速技术在催化裂化装置机泵中的应用

简要介绍了变频调速技术,重点分析了与阀门调节相比,变频调速器的节能效果,比较了变频调速器应用前后机泵的运行周期和采用阀门调节与变频调速调节两种方式的节能效益,同时分析了控制方案的不同对节能效果的影响.