A signal-based fault detection and classification method for heavy haul wagons

This paper proposes a signal-based fault detection and isolation (FDI) system for heavy haul wagons considering the special requirements of low cost and robustness. The sensor network of the proposed system consists of just two accelerometers mounted on the front left and rear right of the carbody. Seven fault indicators (FIs) are proposed based on the cross-correlation analyses of the sensor-collected acceleration signals. Bolster spring fault conditions are focused on in this paper, including two different levels (small faults and moderate faults) and two locations (faults in the left and right bolster springs of the first bogie). A fully detailed dynamic model of a typical 40t axle load heavy haul wagon is developed to evaluate the deterioration of dynamic behaviour under proposed fault conditions and demonstrate the detectability of the proposed FDI method. Even though the fault conditions considered in this paper did not deteriorate the wagon dynamic behaviour dramatically, the proposed FIs show great sensitivity to the bolster spring faults. The most effective and efficient FIs are chosen for fault detection and classification. Analysis results indicate that it is possible to detect changes in bolster stiffness of ±25% and identify the fault location.     

Using automated walking gait analysis for the identification of pedestrian attributes

Collecting microscopic pedestrian behavior and characteristics data is important for optimizing the design of pedestrian facilities for safety, efficiency, and comfortability. This paper provides a framework for the automated classification of pedestrian attributes such as age and gender based on information extracted from their walking gait behavior. The framework extends earlier work on the automated analysis of gait parameters to include analysis of the gait acceleration data which can enable the quantification of the variability, rhythmic pattern and stability of pedestrian’s gait. In this framework, computer vision techniques are used for the automatic detection and tracking of pedestrians in an open environment resulting in pedestrian trajectories and the speed and acceleration dynamic profiles. A collection of gait features are then derived from those dynamic profiles and used for the classification of pedestrian attributes. The gait features include conventional gait parameters such as gait length and frequency and dynamic parameters related to gait variations and stability measures. Two different techniques are used for the classification: a supervised k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) algorithm and a newly developed semi-supervised spectral clustering. The classification framework is demonstrated with two case studies from Vancouver, British Columbia and Oakland, California. The results show the superiority of features sets including gait variations and stability measures over features relying only on conventional gait parameters. For gender, correct classification rates (CCR) of 80% and 94% were achieved for the Vancouver and Oakland case studies, respectively. The classification accuracy for gender was higher in the Oakland case which only considered pedestrians walking alone. Pedestrian age classification resulted in a CCR of 90% for the Oakland case study.     

基于SIMULINK的岸边集装箱起重机减摇系统仿真

在岸边集装箱起重机起升机构和小车运行机构模型的基础上建立简化的单摆模型,通过对模型的受力分析建立非线性方程.同时在MATLAB的SIMUUNK环境下对此模型进行动态仿真,达到通过控制小车的驱动力来控制吊具的摆角的目的.     

A numerical investigation of the impact of turbulence on the feeding rates of Oithona davisae

Individual based numerical simulations of the copepod, Oithona davisae, feeding on motile prey, Oxyrrhis marina, under variable turbulent conditions are performed. These simulations correspond to laboratory observations conducted by Saiz et al. [Saiz, E., Calbet, A., and Broglio, E., 2003. Effects of small-scale turbulence on copepods: the case of Oithona Davisae. Limnol. Oceanogr., 48:1304–1311.].The flow field in the simulation is reconstructed by a kinematic simulation whose characteristic scales are derived from the grid mesh and the dissipation rates of the laboratory experiments. The kinematic simulation provides a simplified model, which while not fully realistic, captures the basic relevant feature of turbulence. A hop and sink swimming behaviour is prescribed for O. davisae, while O. marina moves along helical paths with random changes of directions.Three possible effects are tested: the existence of a time threshold in the duration of the contacts between predator and prey, a progressive reduction of the perceptive distance with increasing turbulence level and an abrupt reduction in feeding of O. davisae when the flow speed, in relation to the copepod position, is higher than a prescribed threshold. This last approach introduces an intermittency in the feeding which depends on the variations of velocity both in space and time within the numerical box.The introduction of the time threshold causes a dome-shaped relationship between the simulated enhancement factor and the dissipation rate, while with the other two effects, a monotonic decrease in the enhancement factor is observed, with values reasonably close to the ones observed in the laboratory experiment. In all the cases, the use of realistic values of biological parameters (e.g. swimming behaviour) reproduces response curves in the range of the observations.     

铁路电力设备的状态检修技术探讨

在借鉴国际经验和研究我国铁路电力设备检修现状的基础上,找出了我国铁路电力设备检修中存在的不足;重点阐述了电力设备检修技术进步的情况,对优化管理状态修的可行性模式进行了论证,给出了电力设备检修优化管理的思路与建议。     

智能移动系统中大规模分布式车辆路径规划问题研究

本文针对智能交通和主动交通管理提出了一种适用于大规模交通分配和路径规划的分布式计算方法。讨论了通过信息传递接口(MPI)在多中央处理器(CPU)上并行计算实现的一系列研究需求和实现挑战;将基于时空事件的车辆路径规划模型应用于大规模的城市路网仿真;将原始车辆路径规划模型分解为一系列计算效率较高的子问题,大幅减少了仿真耗时和通信开销。通过将子问题分发到单独的分布式CPU上,使CPU可以同时执行其任务,并保证较好的负载平衡。重点分析了将所提出的方法应用于北京路网大规模路径规划,以及该方法在不同CPU核数下的计算效率。结果表明:所提出的并行计算方法可以显著减少计算耗时,并在512个计算节点上实现200倍以上的加速比。     

异步电机效率优化算法设计

针对异步电机效率优化问题，提出混合在线式直流最小功率模糊搜索效率优化控制算法（FLSC）。算法利用损耗模型控制（LMC）的研究成果，设计新型比例因子提取策略，可以实时在线获得电机各稳态工况下FLSC输入和输出变量的比例因子，预先规划了算法搜索控制的方向，保证了算法的快速收敛性。根据异步电机的特性及先期的综合实验数据分析，对模糊控制用模糊集合及其隶属度函数进行系统化设计，对输入变量的ZE模糊集进行梯形隶属度函数设计，对输出变量进行正负不对称隶属度函数设计，从而解决了系统在效率最优点处的振荡问题。对小功率异步电机系统的计算机仿真及台架实验表明：针对异步电机的轻载运行工况，FLSC算法能显著提高异步电机系统的控制性能；对于异步电机转子电阻参数变化的工况也具有很好的鲁棒性。     

基于业务基础平台的企业IT整体架构研究

分析了两种企业信息整体架构思想的优劣,阐述了业务基础平台架构的优势,并在企业信息化具体实践中采用基于UCML业务基础平台架构开发了企业保密管理信息系统,通过对预期效果和实际效果进行比对,验证了业务基础平台对于企业信息化整体构建的可行性和先进性。     

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公路客运快递依托客运线路采用直达模式进行运输获得了较好的经济效益,但直达模式却制约着其运输网络的能力和结构. 为提高运输网络的能力,完善运输网络结构,发挥公路客运时效性好的优势,本文提出转运的思想,并用优化模型设计公路客运快递的运输网络,使快件运输时间最小化. 优化模型是带有时间窗的运输网络设计问题,传统算法难以求解,因此用蚁群算法进行求解. 算例分析表明,基于优化模型设计的运输网络可以节省快件的运输时间,提高公路客运快递的运输能力.     

舰船监控系统的现状及发展趋势

通过研究国外舰船监控系统的发展状况、发展趋势,分析了国外船舶监控系统自动化、网络化的发展,结合我国科技与国防事业的发展,提出了推进我军舰船监控系统发展的建议。