"公交优先"大环境下的城市公交客车市场发展趋势

针对我国目前城市公交的特点及现阶段存在的主要问题,对国家“公交优先”的政策进行解读,并对“公交优先”环境下城市公交客车市场的发展趋势进行预测。     

关于铁路货车L-B型制动梁制造工艺的探讨

重点从魏氏组织、原材料化学成分和焊接性能等3个方面论述了影响制动梁梁架机械性能的主要因素,对梁架加工过程中产生不合格的原因进行了分析,并提出了改进建议。     

四川南向通道改造及建设的方案研究

研究目的：通过分析西南路网现状和存在问题，对四川出川通道进行规划展望，提出四川南向通道建设的必要性和迫切性，进一步探讨建设川南通道的方案和通道引入相关枢纽及地区的改扩建方案。 研究方法：采用系统工程方法，从西南片区铁路路网的特点分析，逐一分析出川通道的规划和发展；采用技术经济比较法对南向通道方案进行比较论证。 研究结果：在西南片区形成沟通广东广西地区的一条新路网，有利于西南路网布局及发展；带动相关地区社会经济发展；为相关枢纽总图布置特别是成都枢纽客运站布局提供合理的发展前景。 研究结论：四川南向通道宜采用沿成昆通道至峨眉，修建峨眉经宜宾、叙永至贵阳的双线大能力通道，经黔桂铁路至柳州，分别经湘桂线南下广西地区，经柳肇线可达广州及东南沿海地区；成都枢纽成都南站可作为川南通道客车的始发终到站；贵阳枢纽结合川南通道引入需新建枢纽内第二客运站。     

Organic carbon budget for the Gulf of Bothnia

We calculated input of organic carbon to the unproductive, brackish water basin of the Gulf of Bothnia from rivers, point sources and the atmosphere. We also calculated the net exchange of organic carbon between the Gulf of Bothnia and the adjacent marine system, the Baltic Proper. We compared the input with sinks for organic carbon; permanent incorporation in sediments and mineralization and subsequent evasion of CO₂ to the atmosphere. The major fluxes were riverine input (1500 Gg C year^− 1), exchange with the Baltic Proper (depending on which of several possible DOC concentration differences between the basins that was used in the calculation, the flux varied between an outflow of 466 and an input of 950 Gg C year^− 1), sediment burial (1100 Gg C year^− 1) and evasion to the atmosphere (3610 Gg C year^− 1). The largest single net flux was the emission of CO₂ to the atmosphere, mainly caused by bacterial mineralization of organic carbon. Input and output did not match in our budget which we ascribe uncertainties in the calculation of the exchange of organic carbon between the Gulf of Bothnia and the Baltic Proper, and the fact that CO₂ emission, which in our calculation represented 1 year (2002) may have been overestimated in comparison with long-term means. We conclude that net heterotrophy of the Gulf of Bothnia was due to input of organic carbon from both the catchment and from the Baltic Proper and that the future degree of net heterotrophy will be sensible to both catchment export of organic carbon and to the ongoing eutrophication of the Baltic Proper.     

The association of the population recruitment of gulf menhaden, Brevoortia patronus, with Mississippi River discharge

Gulf menhaden, Brevoortia patronus, which constitutes a major industrial reduction fishery in the USA, spawn across the northern Gulf of Mexico with a focus of spawning about the Mississippi Delta. This species is estuarine dependent; adults spawn over the continental shelf and their larvae are transported, by mechanisms that are presently not well understood, to estuarine nursery areas. Larval gulf menhaden, along with some other surface oriented larval fishes, appear to aggregate along the Mississippi River plume front, while evidence of the ecological consequences of this aggregation in terms of the feeding, growth, and survival of larvae is ambiguous. On an annual scale, Mississippi River discharge is negatively associated with numbers of half year old recruits. Discharge of the Mississippi River and the population recruitment of gulf menhaden may be plausibly linked through the action of the river's plume and its front on the shoreward transport of larvae. Greater river discharge results in an expansive plume that might project larvae farther offshore and prolong the shoreward transport of larvae. An indirect, decadal scale, positive response of recruitment and river discharge is possible, but not certain. Recruitment became elevated after 1975 when river discharge increased and became highly variable. This response might owe to enhanced primary and secondary production driven by nutrient influx from the Mississippi River.     

200km/h客货共线单线隧道内接触网设计探讨

通过对遂渝线单线隧道内接触网悬挂的介绍,探讨了以新的设计方式进行速度200 km/h客货共线隧道内接触网平面设计的方法,并通过遂渝线情况的研究,对下一步的设计提出了建议。     

公路货运信息服务业运营模式及发展对策研究

在分析和界定公路货运信息服务业内涵的基础上，研究了公路货运信息服务业4种运营模式（个体信息服务中介模式、场站信息服务中心模式、区域信息服务平台模式和公共信息服务网络模式），并基于公路货运信息服务业发展现状及向现代物流发展的趋势，提出了公路货运信息服务业向现代物流体系发展的基本思路和策略。     

Development and Deployment of Public Transport Policy and Planning in Taiwan

Over the past decade, the escalating roadway congestion and environmental deterioration due to heavy use of private vehicles have provoked the Taiwan government to realize the importance of public transport systems. Under the “carrot-and-stick” rationales, the government has formulated public transport policies and exercised a series of related initiatives by providing sufficient and higher quality of public transport services so as to attract more private vehicle users. In this paper, the planning philosophy and policy formulation of Taiwan’s public transport development are highlighted. The most important initiatives, including the Five-year Enhancement of Mass Transportation Program and the upgrading public transport schemes in the National Development Plan are examined. Based on previous experience and lessons, we point out the most challenging issues that the government will encounter. Suggestions for the future of public transport planning are also addressed.     

A scenario on the evolving road service informatics in Europe

Road Transport Informatics is being developed to improve road transport. Telecommunication links will connect microcomputers in vehicles with roadside beacons and traffic control centers. Drivers can get better information and guidance en route. If these functions are charged as services rather than sold as products, a better traffic can be obtained. This can improve traffic safety, efficiency and the environment.     

个人快速交通技术发展现状与应用展望

个人快速交通将进入商业化运营.对个人快速交通的发展历程、类型与技术经济特征进行了较为系统的论述.依据其目前实施情况,给出了可能的应用方向.个人快速交通较适合在下列场合使用:特定场所(如机场、高档开发区等),都市繁华区域短距离联系,市郊有较高活力的区域.为我国城市交通选型提供借鉴.