议优秀传统文化在大学生思想政治教育中的运用

优秀传统文化是大学生思想政治教育不可或缺的资源,然而部分高校对传统文化教育的重视程度不够,致使传统文化在高校的传承受阻,学生们的参与度不高。高校应积极探索将优秀传统文化融入思想政治教育的有效途径,提高大学生学习传统文化的兴趣,助力高校思想政治教育工作的开展。     

工业海洋大气环境下焊接耐候钢Q355NHD腐蚀后力学性能研究

随着钢结构桥梁建设需求不断提高、应用日益广泛,耐候钢以其优良的耐候性能,从材料层面为钢桥防腐提供了一种理想方案;但是,由于中国应用耐候钢的时间较短,耐候钢在某些自然环境下的适用性尚未得到充分论证,对其腐蚀后基本力学性能和疲劳性能的认识尚不完善。为此,以钢桥常用的Q355NHD焊接耐候钢及其对接焊缝为研究对象,针对中国滨海城市常见的工业海洋大气环境,通过周期浸润加速腐蚀试验探讨Q355NHD的耐候性能,并对腐蚀后Q355NHD的单调拉伸性能和疲劳性能开展试验研究。基于形貌观察、基体扫描、锈层分析和腐蚀深度计算等多角度分析,发现在模拟工业海洋大气环境下,Q355NHD尽管会形成具有一定致密性的锈层,但其腐蚀速率等宏观指标相比于普通钢并不突出。腐蚀后单调拉伸试验结果表明:腐蚀8周(等效于青岛受工业污染的海洋大气环境下自然腐蚀20年)后Q355NHD母材试件的屈服强度和抗拉强度分别下降8.1%和7.2%,对接焊缝试件的屈服强度和抗拉强度分别下降14.1%和12.5%。腐蚀后疲劳试验结果表明:腐蚀8周后Q355NHD母材试件和对接焊缝试件的设计疲劳强度分别下降35.6%和30.3%,为317.9 MPa和211.0 MPa,但仍然满足《钢结构设计标准》(GB 50017-2017)中相应构造类别的疲劳设计要求。经与既有文献报道的Q355普通钢试验结果对比,表明尽管Q355NHD在工业海洋大气环境中未表现出良好的耐腐蚀性能,不建议按免涂装使用,但其力学性能在不同批次试验结果中处于较高水平,可以视为一种优质的Q355钢材。     

Short-term planning and policy interventions to promote cycling in urban centers: Findings from a commute mode choice analysis in Barcelona,Spain

BackgroundCycling for transportation has become an increasingly important component of strategies to address public health, climate change, and air quality concerns in urban centers. Within this context, planners and policy makers would benefit from an improved understanding of available interventions and their relative effectiveness for cycling promotion. We examined predictors of bicycle commuting that are relevant to planning and policy intervention, particularly those amenable to short- and medium-term action.MethodsWe estimated a travel mode choice model using data from a survey of 765 commuters who live and work within the municipality of Barcelona. We considered how the decision to commute by bicycle was associated with cycling infrastructure, bike share availability, travel demand incentives, and other environmental attributes (e.g., public transport availability). Self-reported and objective (GIS-based) measures were compared. Point elasticities and marginal effects were calculated to assess the relative explanatory power of the independent variables considered.ResultsWhile both self-reported and objective measures of access to cycling infrastructure were associated with bicycle commuting, self-reported measures had stronger associations. Bicycle commuting had positive associations with access to bike share stations but inverse associations with access to public transport stops. Point elasticities suggested that bicycle commuting has a mild negative correlation with public transport availability (−0.136), bike share availability is more important at the work location (0.077) than at home (0.034), and bicycle lane presence has a relatively small association with bicycle commuting (0.039). Marginal effects suggested that provision of an employer-based incentive not to commute by private vehicle would be associated with an 11.3% decrease in the probability of commuting by bicycle, likely reflecting the typical emphasis of such incentives on public transport.ConclusionsThe results provide evidence of modal competition between cycling and public transport, through the presence of public transport stops and the provision of public transport-oriented travel demand incentives. Education and awareness campaigns that influence perceptions of cycling infrastructure availability, travel demand incentives that encourage cycling, and policies that integrate public transport and cycling may be promising and cost-effective strategies to promote cycling in the short to medium term.     

Individual transport emissions and the built environment: A structural equation modelling approach

Increasing CO₂ emissions from the transport sector have raised substantial concerns among researchers and policy makers. This research examines the impact of the built environment on individual transport emissions through two mediate variables, vehicle usage and vehicle type choice, within a structural equation modelling (SEM) framework. We find that new-urbanism-type built environment characteristics, including high density, mixed land use, good connectivity, and easy access to public transport systems help reduce transport CO₂ emissions. Such mitigating effect is achieved largely through the reduced vehicle miles travelled (VMT) and is enhanced slightly by the more efficient vehicles owned by individuals living in denser and more diverse neighborhoods, all else being equal. Our research findings provide some new evidence that supports land use policies as an effective strategy to reduce transport CO₂ emissions.     

地方高校与区域经济互动发展研究述评

地方高校服务区域经济发展,不仅是经济社会发展的客观要求,也是学校生存和发展的必由之路。关于地方高校与区域经济互动发展的课题,学术理论界近年来进行了比较深入的研究,取得了一批重要成果。本文对近年来的研究文献进行了梳理和系统分析,对未来的深入研究进行了展望。     

UHPC微裂纹在蒸汽环境中的快速愈合机制

为了在蒸汽环境中快速修复超高性能混凝土（UHPC）浇筑过程中产生的收缩裂纹和结构服役过程中产生的裂纹，加速UHPC结构刚度和抗渗性能的恢复，需要确定不同损伤程度的微裂纹在蒸汽环境中的快速愈合机制。因此，选取拉伸变形（应变为1 000×10^-6，1 500×10^-6，2 000×10^-6）作为损伤指标，将损伤开裂后的UHPC试件分别放置在蒸汽环境中1，3，5 d，研究微裂纹在蒸汽环境中的快速愈合机制。通过直接拉伸试验、气体渗透试验和声发射分析不同拉伸变形的UHPC试件在蒸汽环境中的自愈合行为。拉伸试验结果表明：放置在蒸汽环境中，预裂试件的弹性模量的恢复程度随着拉伸变形的增大而减小，但依然大于预裂至相同拉伸应变的未愈合试件（放置在室内环境中）的弹性模量。刚度恢复程度随着放置在蒸汽环境时间的增长而增大，但愈合到一定程度后，延长放置时间对愈合的效果不明显。采用气体渗透试验表征了微裂纹的愈合程度，结果表明蒸汽环境中的微裂纹能快速愈合，但随着拉伸变形的增加，自愈合的程度减小，表明拉伸变形越大，微裂纹越多，自愈合产物填充所需时间越长。声发射分析表明：UHPC内部发生损伤时才会产生声发射源，在重新加载阶段，对于已经愈合的微裂纹，在微裂纹的2个界面之间新形成的晶体会再次开裂，此时会检测到声发射源。然而，对于未愈合的微裂纹重新张开时，则不会产生声发射源，直至旧裂纹发展和新裂纹的产生才会产生声发射源。     

“智能时代”应用型汽车专业人才培养

国内汽车产业指的是新能源汽车和汽车智能化的生产,它将焦点放在智能制造开发和现代汽车服务上,对汽车行业智能制造领域的人才培养体系建设的完善和专业教育的改革带来了良好的效果。对于汽车产业的新发展来看,在智能制造背景下,分析汽车产业的人才需求,同时要结合当前我国各高校在培养汽车专业人才方面存在的问题,以此来提出针对性和具有一定可行性的教育优化对策。     

生态袋在上海市河道护岸中的应用分析

河道的生态治理是生态文明建设的重要内容,河道护岸正在由传统型向生态型转型。作为生态型护岸的一种型式,生态袋在上海松江、浦东、嘉定等多条河道中都有所应用。根据现场调研情况,剖析生态袋护岸的应用技术要点,阐述在应用过程中存在的问题,并提出相应对策以供类似项目参考。     

沿海开发战略下的南通外语教育生态发展研究

文章运用教育生态学原理以江苏沿海开发战略为背景，分析了南通外语教育生态发展存在的问题，并提出了相应的对策。该研究对促进南通外语教育的可持续发展具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Looking Beyond Cargo and Cruise Ships: Promoting Academic Marine Research and Clean Technologies as an Economic Development Strategy for Ports

The Port of Los Angeles (Port) is the largest container port in the Western Hemisphere, and a catalyst for business activity and employment. Historically, the majority of the Port's workforce lived in the communities directly adjacent to the Port. However, in the latter half of the last century, jobs and economic activity began to shift away from the Port, causing public attitudes in the local communities to change. Instead of being viewed as the source of their livelihood, local residents began to view the port as a generator of environmental impacts and industrial blight. Formidable community opposition to Port growth and modernization ensued. Employment within the Port district peaked in the mid 20th century at 100,000. By 2009, the Port had only 12,700 jobs. To re-establish and maintain a long-term positive relationship between the Port and its neighbors, the Port needed to increase the numbers of local residents in the port on a daily basis. The Port looked beyond its traditional role of cargo handling, to leverage creation of new water-dependent job clusters. The strategy incorporates elements of the traditional cluster concept by proposing to co-locate and create synergies between technology developers, university researchers, and marine and maritime industries.