地铁十字交叉换乘车站全暗挖同步建造技术

从北京地铁黄庄站工程特点及建设条件影响分析入手,阐明采用全暗挖法技术在复杂环境条件下同步建造十字换乘车站的必要性,并就一次扣拱暗挖逆作法、暗挖交叉节点结构形式、暗挖进洞、环境保护及风险控制等暗挖关键技术进行阐述。     

极软岩作为路堤填料施工工艺的模糊评判

随着高等级公路建设突飞猛进,软岩在公路建设中如何使用就成为工程技术人员普遍关注的问题。在广西修建的许多高速公路需要利用极软岩作为公路填料。工艺试验研究表明:极软岩可以作为高速公路的填料,在进行了综合试验后,通过模糊评判表明,适用它的最佳松铺厚度为35cm。对于极软岩应用于其它高速公路上也具有重要的借鉴意义。     

基于数据挖掘的城市机动车停车调查分析研究

进行城市机动车停车场规划前需要开展停车场调查,以得到停车场的基本特征参数、机动车进出记录和停车者的停车行为等信息。通过数据挖掘中的一些方法可以在数据库中挖掘出有用的信息。根据机动车进出停车场的记录计算一系列的停车指标,并借助多元统计分析中典型相关分析的方法,分析停车指标与停车场基本特征参数之间的关系。然后利用关联规则挖掘停车问询调查数据中的潜在信息,分析停车者的行为特征,以掌握更多的停车信息。     

基于Halcon及VS的动车组制动闸片厚度自动识别模块

研究基于图像处理和模式识别的动车组闸片厚度自动识别模块,解决动车组制动时因闸片过薄而导致的车轮迅速升温,甚至引发不安全状态的问题。该模块可实现动车组通过时自动检测,即自动拼图、图像预处理、模型定位及制动闸片厚度计算,并对厚度小于一定数值的闸片进行自动报警。通过大量实验和测试表明,该模块可以有效地计算闸片的厚度,具有很好的鲁棒性。     

兰州地铁地温分布特性及其演化规律

以兰州地铁所在地区为研究对象,实测地铁隧道开挖前的地温(简称为初始地温),根据实测数据,提出地铁初始地温预测模型公式。采用非稳态传热的数值模型,分析运营条件下地铁隧道围岩温度的演化规律。结果表明:兰州地铁初始地温随环境气温和埋深的变化而变化;年变温层位于自地表至埋深12m处;年恒温层位于埋深12m及其以下,温度为15℃左右;年变温层中,1年内初始地温变化规律与环境气温变化规律相似,近似呈正弦曲线状分布,但存在相位滞后的现象;1年中初始地温的振幅随埋深的增大呈指数下降趋势。在隧道内空气与围岩之间热交换中,兰州地铁隧道围岩的温度及其梯度、热透厚度(未达到极限时)均与隧道内环境温度、热交换时间成正相关关系,但与距隧道内壁的距离成负相关关系。     

装配式码头灌浆连接节点压弯性能试验研究

对3组装配式码头灌浆连接节点试件进行压弯试验,研究不同灌浆长度和灌浆厚度下灌浆节点的压弯承载力、延性和破坏模式。结果表明,灌浆节点试件具有较好的延性和较高的承载力,灌浆节点受压弯荷载的破坏模式为钢管的压屈破坏;压弯构件的极限承载力随着灌浆长度的增大而增大;灌浆厚度的变化对构件的承载力影响不大,但灌浆厚度增大可以提高灌浆体底部的抗裂能力,建议实际应用时适当增大灌浆厚度。     

Shaping the Coast with Permits: Making the State Regulatory Permitting Process Transparent with Text Mining

This paper examines the California Coastal Commission's permitting process. Using several text mining techniques, including web scraping, information extraction, and supervised classification, I demonstrate how to retrieve empirical data from unstructured texts, namely public meeting agendas and staff reports. Contrary to the concern that the Commission routinely delays or rejects permitting requests, the data reveal that outright rejection of permit applications is rare. On average, eight of ten applications were approved. Single-family homes and commercial development projects were approved about 80% of the time; the rates were about 70% for seawalls and retaining walls, and 60% for land-use changes. Most applications were processed swiftly, with a median application length of 3 months. The agency's influence comes primarily from negotiating each application. Qualitative study of 50 cases pertaining to single-family home construction reveals that the agency adopts a “managed development” approach, that is, allowing development but scrupulously managing various aspects of development. These case studies illustrate how the agency interprets the broad, abstract state laws and translates the mandates into enforceable actions as permitting conditions. In areas where the state mandates conflict, particularly over development in receding shorelines, the agency has the largest leverage in creating and implementing its preferred policies. The text mining techniques demonstrated in this paper can be applied to study any governmental agency. These techniques help to extract information from a massive volume of papers and organize them into a database for analyses. The empirical data extracted from texts can significantly increase bureaucratic transparency.     

“s”型覆岩空间结构的冲击地压危险区预测

基于微地震监测和覆岩空间结构理论，以山东华丰矿1410工作面为例，分析了“s”型覆岩空间结构的形成，利用理论方法和微地震监测预测并圈定了华丰矿1410工作面发生冲击地压的危险区域，研究了“s”型覆岩空间结构的冲击地压危险区分布规律，为现场预测和控制冲击地压灾害提供了理论基础。     

Commuter ride-sharing using topology-based vehicle trajectory clustering: Methodology,application and impact evaluation

This paper illustrates a ride matching method for commuting trips based on clustering trajectories, and a modeling and simulation framework with ride-sharing behaviors to illustrate its potential impact. It proposes data mining solutions to reduce traffic demand and encourage more environment-friendly behaviors. The main contribution is a new data-driven ride-matching method, which tracks personal preferences of road choices and travel patterns to identify potential ride-sharing routes for carpool commuters. Compared with prevalent carpooling algorithms, which allow users to enter departure and destination information for on-demand trips, the proposed method focuses more on regular commuting trips. The potential effectiveness of the approach is evaluated using a traffic simulation-assignment framework with ride-sharing participation using the routes suggested by our algorithm. Two types of ride-sharing participation scenarios, with and without carpooling information, are considered. A case study with the Chicago tested is conducted to demonstrate the proposed framework’s ability to support better decision-making for carpool commuters. The results indicate that with ride-matching recommendations using shared vehicle trajectory data, carpool programs for commuters contribute to a less congested traffic state and environment-friendly travel patterns.     

基于文本挖掘的地铁施工安全风险事故致险因素分析

地铁工程项目是典型的高风险大型复杂项目,施工安全风险事故多发且引发因素众多。为明确施工过程中存在的致险因素,为安全风险事故的预控提供依据,选取2002—2015年国内151例地铁施工安全风险事故报告,借助R语言和文本挖掘的方法,分别对事故报告进行分词处理、特征项选择、向量空间模型构建、共现规律识别,并利用词云和网络结构图等方法可视化文本挖掘结果;从中发现地铁施工安全风险事故的6项关键致险因素和23项一般致险因素,并以关键致险因素为基础构建致险因素集合,为地铁施工安全风险事故的预控提供参考。