城市轻轨车辆转向架方案的选择

本文根据城市轻轨车辆用转向架的运用条件和技术要求,结合我国的技术水平和传统特点,对城市轻轨车辆转向架结构设计中应考虑的问题进行了分析,认为在进行轻轨车辆转向架设计时,应采用空气弹簧、盘形制动,弹性车轮、磨耗形踏面、焊接构架等先进技术.     

Carbon and energy footprints of electric delivery trucks: A hybrid multi-regional input-output life cycle assessment

Due to frequent stop-and-go operation and long idling periods when driving in congested urban areas, the electrification of commercial delivery trucks has become an interesting topic nationwide. In this study, environmental impacts of various alternative delivery trucks including battery electric, diesel, diesel-electric hybrid, and compressed natural gas trucks are analyzed. A novel life cycle assessment method, an environmentally-extended multi-region input-output analysis, is utilized to calculate energy and carbon footprints throughout the supply chain of alternative delivery trucks. The uncertainties due to fuel consumption or other key parameter variations in real life, data ranges are taken into consideration using a Monte Carlo simulation. Furthermore, variations in regional electricity mix greenhouse gas emission are also considered to present a region-specific assessment for each vehicle type. According to the analysis results, although the battery electric delivery trucks have zero tailpipe emission, electric trucks are not expected to have lower environmental impacts compared to other alternatives. On average, the electric trucks have slightly more greenhouse emissions and energy consumption than those of other trucks. The regional analysis also indicates that the percentage of cleaner power sources in the electricity mix plays an important role in the life cycle greenhouse gas emission impacts of electric trucks.     

一种新结构重型汽车用平衡轴总成

由于重型自卸车承载力大且使用工况恶劣,导致整车后悬架平衡轴总成在使用过程中平衡轴断裂、平衡轴支架产生裂纹等故障频发,严重影响客户正常使用,同时使得售后维修及索赔成本增大;该文针对平衡轴总成在使用过程中的失效模式在原有技术及结构之上,设计一种新结构平衡轴总成,从而降低平衡轴故障率,最大程度的提高平衡轴使用寿命。     

混合动力卡车关键技术的分析与研究

随着能源紧缺日益加剧和人们环保意识的增强,混合动力已经成为未来中重型卡车发展的主要方向,本文系统的分析了混合动力技术中蓄电池及其模型,驱动形式及其控制策略等关键技术在卡车中的应用。     

Dynamic charging infrastructure deployment for plug-in hybrid electric trucks

Inspired by the rapid development of charging-while-driving (CWD) technology, plans are ongoing in government agencies worldwide for the development of electrified road freight transportation systems through the deployment of dynamic charging lanes. This en route method for the charging of plug-in hybrid electric trucks is expected to supplement the more conventional charging technique, thus enabling significant reduction in fossil fuel consumption and pollutant emission from road freight transportation. In this study, we investigated the optimal deployment of dynamic charging lanes for plug-in hybrid electric trucks. First, we developed a multi-class multi-criteria user equilibrium model of the route choice behaviors of truck and passenger car drivers and the resultant equilibrium flow distributions. Considering that the developed user equilibrium model may have non-unique flow distributions, a robust deployment of dynamic charging lanes that optimizes the system performance under the worst-case flow distributions was targeted. The problem was formulated as a generalized semi-infinite min-max program, and a heuristic algorithm for solving it was proposed. This paper includes numerical examples that were used to demonstrate the application of the developed models and solution algorithms.     

关于重卡车桥用气室支架有限元分析及优化

由于重型自卸车承载力大且使用工况恶劣,导致整车后悬架系统中气室支架产生裂纹、断裂等故障频发,严重影响客户正常使用,同时使得售后维修及索赔成本增大;本文针对气室支架在使用过程中的失效模式在原有技术及结构之上进行优化设计,从而降低气室支架故障率,最大程度的提高气室支架使用寿命。     

基于人工免疫机制的营运货车运行风险评价研究

为预防营运货车交通事故,动态监管营运货车提高其运输安全性,本文从营运货车道路交通事故调查报告中统计货车交通事故发生运行风险因素频率,提取营运货车运行风险关键因素,建立完整的营运货车运行风险指标体系。运用人工免疫思想,以营运货车运行风险评价指标等级值作为抗原向量,将人工免疫危险理论的信号处理机制及改进的树突细胞算法应用于营运货车风险评价,构建基于树突细胞算法的营运货车运行风险评价模型,并以云南省某运输集团的营运货车为例进行应用分析。研究结果表明：营运货车高风险的发生通常是多因素耦合的结果;基于人工免疫机制的营运货车运行风险评价模型可利用营运车辆监控平台实时数据,从动态实时的角度评价营运货车运行风险性;模型具有合理性和有效性,且有较高的准确率及较低的误报率,可为营运货车运行风险防控提供依据。     

双车道普通车辆-自动货车混合驾驶交通流建模与仿真

作为未来交通的一部分,自动货车队列被认为是最早实现的自动驾驶场景之一.为深入探讨普通车辆与自动货车构成的混合交通系统可能呈现的特征及其原因,分别建立了适用于描述普通车辆和自动货车驾驶行为的元胞自动机(Cellular Automaton,CA)模型,运用数值模拟的方法探究交通流状态的演变过程.研究发现：双车道环境下自动货车的加入是一把“双刃剑”,在交通流密度较低且自动货车占比较小时,对普通车辆影响甚微;在交通流密度较高且自动货车占比较高时,普通车辆换道条件苛刻导致换道频率降低,无法获取更高车速进而影响了整个道路系统的通行效率.     

汽车超载对水泥砼路面破坏影响的力学机理分析

笔者在超载汽车调查的基础上,用有限元方法分析计算了不同超载轴重作用于砼板板角和1/2纵缝板边处时砼板表面垂直位移和应力及基层顶面的垂直位移和应力,分析了超载车对砼路面使用寿命影响和引起砼路面提前破坏病害的力学机理,其成果对超载条件下的砼路面结构设计与养护维修有重要参考价值.     

一种大型矿用自卸车自动称重系统的设计

大型矿用自卸车装设自动称重系统可以帮助驾驶员和调度管理部门及时了解车辆的载荷情况,以防止车辆超载,从而延长车辆和轮胎使用寿命、减少车辆维修时间,并减少车辆维护运行成本。本文介绍了SF33900大型矿用自卸车自动称重系统的组成、工作原理及其应用,并分析了引起系统测量误差的原因。