举办重大活动时的城市交通管制研究

随着经济的飞速发展,中国日益受到关注和重视,许多国际性的活动选择在中国举行,这给国内许多城市的发展提供了机遇．煞而相对落后的城市交通状况却常常成为这些活动顺利举行的障碍。在总结近年来国内举办的几次有代表性的重大活动管制措施的基础上,提出交通管制的具体方式及注意事项,有助于促进举办重大活动时城市交通管制工作的开展。     

Quantitative Assessment of Implicit Environmental Impacts of Construction Projects

Assessment system of implicit environmental impacts was established including environmental impact indicator, resources consumption indicator and energy consumption indicator. The quantification of environmental impact indicators is based on the life cycle assessment system of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC) and the evaluation software BEES. Normalization reference values and weights of 12 categories of environmental impacts were identified, and the environmental impact indicators in the phases of raw material extraction, transportation, manufacturing, use and end of life were analyzed. By analyzing the environmental performance of a university refectory as a case study, it is demonstrated that human health, global warming and acidification are the first three environmental impacts in 12 categories. The total implicit environmental impact load per square meter of this project is 18.448×10~(-2) standard human equivalent weight. Moreover, 97.3% of total environmental impacts occur in the phase of raw material extraction.     

Comparison of coal-based dimethyl ether and diesel as vehicle fuels from well to wheel in China

With life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology, a life cycle model of coal-based vehicle fuels (CBVFs) including coal-based dimethyl ether (CBDME) and coal-based diesel (CBD) is established. Their primary energy consumption (PEC) and global warming potential (GWP) from well to wheel including feedstock extraction, fuel production, fuel consumption in vehicle and energy transportation are calculated and compared. Results show that the life cycle PEC and GWP of CBD pathway are 1.17 and 1.34 times as CBDME pathway. Based on the above results, CBDME will become a choice with great potential to replace conventional petroleum-based diesel (CPBD) in China.     

思想政治理论课考核的价值分析及问题的解决

课程考核是实现思想政治教育目标的途径之一,科学的课程考核评价方法有利于增强思想政治理论课的实效性,有利于思想政治理论课教学质量的提高。考核方法的改革应围绕着课程考核价值的实现展开,做到有的放矢,创新才能成为可能。     

乡镇道路交通特征与安全对策分析

针对浙江省乡镇道路交通安全中存在的问题,结合乡镇道路交通参与者具有交通意识薄弱、交通拥挤问题严重、交通违法现象和违章行为突出、违章占道严重、人车事故较多的交通特征,从人、车、路、管理、经济5方面对乡镇道路交通安全问题进行剖析,提出应从提高全民交通安全意识、消除事故诱发根源、健全交通运输网络、建立网络化综合管理机制等方面采取措施改善乡镇道路交通安全形势。     

公路隧道衬砌厚度不足对衬砌安全性影响

针对Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级围岩两种不同的支护形式,建立衬砌厚度不足计算模型.在有无病害条件下,比较隧道衬砌各位置的内力和安全系数,并根据衬砌厚度不足病害程度和宽度,采用数值计算的方法,分析公路隧道衬砌厚度不足对衬砌安全性的影响.分析结果表明:隧道衬砌边墙、拱腰和拱顶的弯矩、剪力和轴力都比较大,属于病害发生的敏感部位;隧道衬砌出现厚度不足病害时,安全系数显著减小;衬砌安全系数随着病害程度的加剧,左边墙呈线性减小,而拱腰和拱顶呈曲线形减小;衬砌安全系数随着病害宽度的增加,先是显著减小,最后又有小幅增长,但整体呈减小趋势;随着病害区域从边墙向拱顶转移,衬砌受影响的范围逐渐增大.     

人为因素对海上交通安全的影响及其对策

目前人为因素导致的海上安全事故占所有致因的80％以上。即便如此,人们对人为因素对海上交通安全的重大影响仍未引起足够重视,由人为因素导致的海难事故仍不断发生。本文通过对海上事故中人为因素研究现状的分析,指出我国此方面研究的不足,同时提出相关应对措施和解决办法。为海上监督机关、船舶主管部门及相关培训机构评估船员操作水平、船员队伍安全质量提供参考,完善航运企业安全管理体系,从而达到减少海难事故的目的。     

Life cycle assessment for the ＂implicit＂ environmental impact of construction projects

The paper has established an assessment system and a quantitative calculation method of the "implicit" environmental impact including environmental impact indicator, resources consumption indicator and energy consumption indicator. The quantitative calculation of the environmental impact indicator is based on the life cycle assessment system and the evaluation software BEES. The paper identifies normalization reference values and weights for 12 categories of the environmental impact. It also analyzes the environmental impact indicator in life cycle stages, raw materials, transportation, manufacturing, utilization, and end of life. A university refectory project is studied. The result has shown that human health, global warming and acidification are the first three environmental impacts in 12 categories. The environmental impact indicator per m2 of this project is 18.448×10-2 standard human equivalent weight. Moreover, 97.3 % of the total environmental impact occurs at the raw material stage, in which the most severe environmental impact is cancerous health effect; the global warming is the main impact at the transportation and manufacturing stages; the indoor air quality impact is at the usage stage.     

“321”装配式公路钢桥安全性评价

“321”装配式公路钢桥安全性评价的目的是要明确结构的实际安全储备,以避免在使用中发生灾难性后果。基于简单、实用的原则,建立了AHP与目测打分法、分析检算法、荷载试验法相结合的综合评价方法。即首先建立基于设计、制造和使用因素的钢桥安全性评价模型（AHP模型）,进而提出了设计荷载、结构耐久性等九个评价指标的具体评分方法,然后利用关键构件裂纹长度修改系数来评价钢桥的安全等级。实例应用表明,该评价方法是可靠的。研究成果对同类结构的安全性评价工作具有指导意义。     

基于行车安全的道路平纵面设计研究

对道路平纵面设计进行分析研究,以提高行车安全性.