北京市轨道交通线网客流分布及成长规律

为了应对城市轨道交通快速建设带来的客流规模及分布的变化,有必要对线网客流变化趋势及成长规律进行研究。以北京市轨道交通系统IC卡数据为基础,从客流量的空间、时间分布等角度分析轨道交通网络化运营客流特征。分析轨道交通新线开通产生的诱发客流和转移客流,揭示新线开通对既有线路客流分布的影响。最后,从线网规模、线位、线网布局等方面归纳轨道交通线路及线网客流成长的一般规律。     

Gas turbulence modulation model for gas-solid flows in two-fluid approach

Turbulence enhancement by particle wake effect is studied by numerical simulation of gas turbulent flows passing over particle under various particle sizes, inlet gas velocities, gas viscosity, gas density and the distance of particles. By performing dimension analysis and using the form of gas-particle interaction source term for reference, a new semi-empirical turbulence enhancement model by the particle-wake effect is proposed. The turbulence model is then incorporated into second-order moment model for simulating gas-particle flows in a horizontal channel with different wall roughness and a sudden-expansion chamber. The results show that this model is with higher calculating accuracy than another two turbulence models in comparison with the experimental results.     

城轨虚拟编组关键性能指标及技术探讨

列车虚拟编组技术能够实现车辆资源的高效灵活利用,是解决轨道交通客流时空分布不均衡问题的有效方法,已成为国内外的研究热点。既有研究借鉴了汽车编队追踪的思路,主要关注于列车稳定追踪的相关方法,未能完全适应轨道交通的实际需求。针对城市轨道交通(简称“城轨”)虚拟编组研究的需要,深入分析城轨列车运行的特征,在此基础上总结提出包括站台停车时间差等在内的城轨列车虚拟编组应符合的技术性能指标;其次,针对虚拟编组的技术特征,提出包括大小交路和Y型线路等适合列车虚拟编组的潜在应用场景,并对实现虚拟编组的关键技术及其原理进行介绍,可为城轨列车虚拟编组研究提供参考。     

船舶倾斜对不同行人流疏散效率影响的数值分析

为研究船舶倾斜对船上人员疏散过程的影响,在基础社会力模型中引入行人倾斜力和自调整力,构建一种考虑船舶倾斜状态的改进社会力模型,通过比对前人实验结果验证模型的有效性.增加行人视角范围,确定周围行人作用的有效范围;结合MATLAB仿真单向、对向、交叉和多向行人流场景,分析不同倾斜状态对行人疏散速度的影响,并拟合疏散时间随倾...     

Are AIS-based trade volume estimates reliable? The case of crude oil exports

Most global trade statistics in the public domain refer to official customs data, which are not generally available on a micro (individual cargo) level. With the increasing availability and completeness of ship positioning data from the global Automated Identification System (AIS), it is possible to derive more timely and detailed trade statistics for homogeneous commodity groups. The objective of this article is twofold: (1) to compare the accuracy of AIS-derived trade statistics to official customs data in the crude oil market and (2) to add a breakdown of trade by vessel size over time. We find that while AIS-derived data for seaborne crude exports show good alignment with official export numbers in aggregate, there are substantial temporal and geographical differences across countries and time due to the use of pipelines and transshipment in parts of the supply chain. We highlight the challenges in properly structuring and aggregating micro-level cargo data. Our findings are important for the proper derivation of shipping demand from trade data.     

A model for national freight flows,distribution centers,empty trucks and urban truck movements

Trucks travel both short distances for local deliveries and long distances for transporting goods across the country. Often their travel behavior is tour-based, they run under tight schedules and under curfew on selected roads. Despite these differences from personal travel, in practice truck models largely follow person travel methods. To overcome this shortcoming, a two-layer truck model is developed for the Chicago Metropolitan Area. Long-distance trucks are driven by commodity flows, with distribution centers, rail yards, marine ports and airports being represented explicitly. Empty trucks are accounted for as well. For the short-distance truck model, a novel parameter estimation method makes use of limited data to derive region-specific parameters. The model is fully operational and validates reasonably well against traffic counts.     

基于模块化神经网络的第三方逆向物流评价方法研究

在电子商务环境下,第三方逆向物流模式是最适合现有条件下,我国企业对逆向物流的迫切要求的、本文构建了对第三方逆向物流提供商的评价指标体系,通过模块化神经网络这一强有力的工具,可以对第三方逆向物流企业进行科学客观的评价。     

H-adaptive Navier–Stokes simulations of free-surface flows around moving bodies

This article deals with Navier–Stokes simulations of multiphase flows around moving bodies coupled with an adaptive mesh refinement strategy. The numerical framework is considered first: the Navier–Stokes solver, the methodologies for handling multiphase flows and moving bodies, the remeshing techniques, and the adaptive procedure are explained and detailed. Then an application involving hydrodynamic impacts is presented in detail and studied to highlight the relevance of the whole global approach. Of particular interest is the accurate computation of pressure peaks arising during impacts.     

On uniqueness and proportionality in multi-class equilibrium assignment

Over the past few years, much attention has been paid to computing flows for multi-class network equilibrium models that exhibit uniqueness of the class flows and proportionality (Bar-Gera et al., 2012). Several new algorithms have been developed such as bush based methods of Bar-Gera (2002), Dial (2006), and Gentile (2012) that are able to obtain very fine solutions of network equilibrium models. These solutions can be post processed (Bar-Gera, 2006) in order to ensure proportionality and class uniqueness of the flows. Recently developed, the TAPAS, algorithm (Bar Gera, 2010) is able to produce solutions that have proportionality embedded, without requiring post processing. It was generally accepted that these methods for solving UE traffic assignment are the only way to obtain unique path and class link flows. The purpose of this paper is to show that the linear approximation method and some of its variants satisfy these conditions as well. In addition, some analytical results regarding the relation between steps of the linear approximation algorithm and the path flows entropy are presented.     

剪切流作用下立管涡激响应的研究

为研究剪切流作用下立管的涡激振动问题,文章建立了三维立管的涡激动力响应方程,顺流方向的力通过Morison方程求解;横向涡激力采用改进的尾流阵子模型求解,考虑了附加质量的变化;轴向力的计算考虑平台升沉运动的影响。采用有限单元法离散控制方程,离散后的方程采用Newmark-β法在时域求解。在此基础上,研究了剪切流作用下立管的多模态涡激振动响应,讨论了剪切参数对立管涡激动力响应的影响,并比较了均匀流和剪切流条件下立管不同的响应特征。结果表明,剪切参数对立管的涡激响应动力响应有很大的影响,剪切流条件下立管呈现的多模态响应极为复杂,与均匀来流条件下的振幅和频率响应特点明显不同。