武汉新港花山作业区规划重点问题分析

基于武汉新港花山作业区的功能定位和发展要求,结合港口开发现状、区位和地形条件,针对港区平面布置、高程设计和交通组织等问题进行重点分析。充分利用陆域资源特点和条件,考虑不同港口功能区对陆域的要求,提出合理的平面布置方案;综合分析防洪、港区排水、交通及土石方平衡等要求,对港口高程系统、重要节点高程控制和港内交通组织进行设计,为复杂地形条件下的内河集装箱港区规划设计提供参考。     

大直径PHC管桩陆地斜桩的设计及施工

陆上大直径、大斜率(斜率1∶6)PHC管桩设计桩基密度大,沉桩施工精度高、难度大。针对这些问题,结合某挖入式出运港池工程,进行了工程试沉桩及静载试验。为了减少沉桩挤土效应对桩基的不利影响,采用先沉斜桩、后沉直桩、自中间向两边对称沉桩的施工方案,并且采取避免碰桩和难以沉桩的施工措施。结果表明,所采用的施工方案切实可行,沉桩效果良好,桩基检测结果均为Ⅰ类桩,可为类似工程的PHC管桩的设计及施工提供参考。     

考虑相邻工程的某港区总体建设方案

以某港区实际工程为例,在对建设条件梳理分析的基础上进行方案研究。针对复杂的掩护条件,根据周边工程实施进度分阶段确定掩护标准,选择合理的设计波要素。总体建设方案选择投资稍高但建设工期较短的离岸式高桩结构,先施工码头结构后再进行港池疏浚,有效缩短了建设工期。采用Plaxis岩土有限元软件分析港池疏浚对桩基的作用,结果表明考虑港池疏浚产生的土体变形后,桩基弯矩显著增大。本工程提出的分阶段确定掩护标准、码头离岸式布置、吹填形成陆域、先施工码头结构后疏浚港池的总体建设方案,取得了良好的效益。     

北亚得里亚海集装箱港口群市场前景分析

欧洲发达市场是全球集装箱海运重要板块,对其市场发展潜力分析是中资企业参与欧洲集装箱港口投资的必要前提。集装箱港口市场发展潜力受多种因素影响,以腹地生产法进行市场预测是当前的主流方法,但该方法主要以外贸需求作为变量,存在片面性。针对当前海外港口集装箱市场分析中存在的问题,提出最优路径模型下港口集装箱市场规模预测,并以亚得里亚海北部港口群作为典型案例予以说明。分析表明,最优路径模型在大范围集装箱港口市场规模分析中具有较好的适应性,能够为投资决策提供参考。     

Port choice in container market: a literature review

As a result of the intense changes occurring in port environment over the last decades, new models of competitiveness have been developed, where port authorities try to increase their attractiveness. In this context, one of the most debated issues in this area of research is still the role played by port authorities in defining port competitiveness. The aim of this paper is to provide a review of port choice literature enabling to identify the main port choice’s criteria in order to define the role played by Port Authorities and to point out future lines of research that should be undertaken to fully incorporate current ports’ environment and performance. The results show that although some studies point out the importance of geographical factors in port choice, a larger number of studies defend the increasing role played by port authorities in determining the competitiveness through investing in port infrastructure, improving port efficiency or hinterland accessibility. Despite the existing models contributing on this topic, there are still some gaps in terms of measuring the port performance, including port strategies and studying the port choice for specific industries.     

Strategic beliefs of port authorities

Over the last decade, insights from the strategic management discipline have increasingly been applied to ports. A review of literature shows that in the analysis of port authority strategy, mainly outside-in approaches are applied. This paper adds to the emerging understanding of the port authority’s strategy by applying a cognitive perspective. Specifically, the strategic cognition of firms’ executives is one of the explanatory variables behind firms’ strategic decisions. Furthermore, cognitions are influenced by the organisational contexts in which port authority executives have worked. As a result, managerial “mental maps’ may vary across industry contexts and over time. This research investigates the strategic cognition of a global set of port authority executives through a survey-based instrument. The results show that, to a large extent, PAs resemble “regular” for-profit companies, but that they possess some specific beliefs that distinguish them from “regular” companies.     

单线铁路平行运行图通过能力的遗传算法

在分析单线铁路成对非追踪平行运行图区间通过能力整数规划模型的基础上提出了该模型的遗传算法,经经验,用该算法解决单线铁路平行运行图的区间通过能力计算问题行之有效的。     

连云港港15万吨级航道回淤观测研究

开展了连云港港15万吨级航道实际回淤观测,结合水文泥沙条件,对常年和大风天的回淤特征和影响因素进行了研究。研究表明,连云港港15万吨级航道年回淤量约为607×104 m3,与15万吨级航道初步设计预测值基本相近;回淤分布与7万吨级航道相似,最大淤强位于外1段,约为1.86 m/a。大风天航道回淤呈现3阶段变化特征,具有先淤后恢复的特征,风后的局部淤积是暂时的,需要疏浚的实质性回淤很小。依据15万吨级航道实测回淤特征,建议30万吨级航道宜结合港区在东西连岛口门建设防波堤,以减小回淤峰值区段淤强。     

港口物流企业在价格战中的策略选择

价格战已成为威胁区域内港口物流企业发展的重要因素,选择何种策略应对或避免价格战的威胁已成为港口物流企业关注的焦点。运用Bertrand寡占模型,分析了建立港口物流企业联盟的效益,通过构建一系列获益矩阵对港口物流企业在价格战中的策略选择进行了研究。理论分析表明建立非价格竞争的差异化发展策略指导下的区域内港口物流企业的战略联盟,是港口物流企业应对挑战,实现良性竞争、行业可持续发展和服务区域经济协调发展的有效途径。     

码头堆场龙门起重机动态配置优化模型

为了优化轮胎式龙门起重机的动态配置,建立一个多目标非线性数学规划模型,以各箱区总的未按计划完成工作箱量所需的龙门起重机时间和龙门起重机闲置时间的最小化为目标函数,采用基于启发式方法的Lagrangian松弛算法,求取轮胎式龙门起重机的动态配置近似最优解。算例测试表明,算法的平均相对对偶间隙为1％,平均计算时间为4min,这种方法对于港口堆场内轮胎式龙门起重机的动态优化配置是有效的。