Public transport in towns - Inevitably on the decline?

Bus transport in Linköping, a town of 140?000 people, was strongly on the increase up to the beginning of the 1980s, when a negative trend-break occurred. A demand model is developed which explains both the ongoing decline and the preceding increase. Based on this model, it is examined whether a change of the current bus transport policy towards an optimal pricing and investment policy from a social point of view could evoke a new and positive trend-break. Taking current trends in the exogenous factors into account it would. However, this could depend on a possible revival of bicycling in towns.     

在福建湄洲湾建设煤炭储运基地势在必行

湄洲湾具有丰富的深水岸线资源,具备建设煤炭储运基地的优良条件。文章阐述在莆田湄洲湾建设煤炭储运基地的重要意义和建设的必要性及可行性。     

宜昌市江城大道路线比选分析

江城大道是宜昌市中心城区“四纵五横”城市快速路网的重要组成部分,其路线选线设计为总体设计的主要控制环节,必须综合多种因素,进行多方案比选,以选择最优方案.首先,介绍了江城大道的路线布设、主要控制点及路线布设原则;其次,从全线4个路段中选取有代表性的2个路段(谭家河村路段和宜万铁路段),分别进行K线、B线、D线和K线、E线、F线的详细比选分析,总结和探讨了山岭选线、下穿高铁选线等关键性问题;最后,在体现“地形选线”“地质选线”“环保选线”“标准选线”理念的前提下,总结并确定了选线方案.     

山区公路建设项目可行性研究重点

在项目建设整个过程中,可行性研究阶段是公路工程建设项目的最重要阶段,其工作质量直接影响项目的决策水平和项目功能定位及目标的实现,对项目建成后的功能和效益发挥产生直接影响。项目可行性研究涉及内容较多,对其进行全面分析研究是必要的,但也要学会抓主要矛盾,对所研究的问题要有所侧重。就山区公路建设项目可行性研究中的交通量预测、路线方案选择以及经济评价等方面需重点研究的问题进行了探讨。     

Coping with uncertainty: an expedition into the field of new transport technology

Many decisions taken by mankind are rational only to a limited extent. This holds for individual travel behaviour, but also for long-range strategic decisions on transport systems or transport technology. In any decision problem, coping with uncertainty is the most critical element. The introduction of new transport technology is surrounded by uncertainty. For example, there is uncertainty about the pace and extent of adoption of new technology and there is uncertainty about the impact of new technology in terms of increased sustainability or increased efficiency. This article maps uncertainty surrounding new transport technology and identifies ways in which to deal with uncertainty in policy making. The findings will be illustrated with electric vehicles, particularly with two specific strategies to deal with uncertainty: interactive technology watching and experimentation in a market niche. The paper concludes with a discussion of success factors that influence the outcomes of such strategies.     

BIM+GIS技术在复杂山区公路选线中的应用研究

复杂山区公路路线设计方案受地形、地质条件影响较大。如何有效利用多源地理信息数据对关键节点进行合理布设是确保设计质量、控制工程造价的关键。文中以实际山区公路工程为例,提出基于BIM+GIS技术的地形、地质、环保选线方法。研究结果表明:①基于BIM+GIS三维地理信息模型可以更直观地审视路线方案,更准确地进行工程量统计校核;②BIM+GIS模型融入地形、地质、环保等控制因素可以更有效地进行设计方案优化比选,减少设计变更、提高设计质量。     

城市交通管理控制与诱导系统的协同关系

广义城市交通管理系统由交通控制和车辆诱导系统组成。2者的关联、依存以及协同作用揭示了城市交通及交通管理系统的内在规律。分析了协调交通控制和车辆诱导系统的必要性,以及2者之间存在的多层次关联,并对其协同工作的框架结构进行了初步探讨。     

智能交通系统的现状及发展

论述了智能交通系统的组成及国内外智能交通系统发展状况,对我国智能交通系统的环境、任务现状、发展进行了分析并提出了建议。智能交通系统作为运用现代信息技术将交通四要素“人-车-路-环境”有机结合在一起的系统工程,将从根本上解决困扰现代交通的安全、通畅、节能和环保问题。     

我国动车组维修管理方式探讨

分析我国首条客运提速线——广深线所用瑞典X2000和国产“蓝箭”2种动车组的运用维制青况,从发挥动车组运输效率、方便维护的角度,对我国电动车组的研制与检修管理提出了建议。     

Validating the results of a route choice simulator

This paper describes the validation of a route choice simulator known as VLADIMIR (Variable Legend Assessment Device for Interactive Measurement of Individual Route choice). VLADIMIR is an interactive computer-based tool designed to study drivers’ route choice behaviour. It has been extensively used to obtain data on route choice in the presence of information sources such as Variable Message Signs or In-Car Navigation devices. The simulator uses a sequence of digitized photographs to portray a real network with junctions, links, landmarks and road signs. Subject drivers are invited to make journeys between specified origins and destinations under a range of travel scenarios, during which the simulator automatically records their route choices. This paper describes validation experiments carried out during the period Summer 1994 to Autumn 1995 and reports on the results obtained. Each experiment involved a comparison of routes selected in real life with those driven under simulated conditions in VLADIMIR. The analysis included investigation of the subjects’ own assessment of the realism of the VLADIMIR routes they had chosen, a comparison of models based on the real life routes with models based on VLADIMIR routes, and a statistical comparison of the two sets of routes. After an extensive series of data collection exercises and analyses, we have concluded that a well designed simulator is able to replicate real life route choices with a very high degree of detail and accuracy. Not only was VLADIMIR able to precisely replicate the route choices of drivers who were familiar with the network but it also appears capable of representing the kind of errors made and route choice strategies adopted by less familiar drivers. Furthermore, evidence is presented to suggest that it can accurately replicate route choice responses to roadside VMS information.