潜艇大气污染与大气质量内部控制措施

根据国内外潜艇舱室大气污染的状况,论述了舱室主要污染物的来源、造成的危害和大气质量内部控制措施及其发展技术,为我国开展潜艇大气控制研究提供了依据。     

基于矩不确定分布鲁棒优化的船舶舱室布局设计

船舶舱室布局所涉的评价指标通常具有不确定性,诸如环境载荷等参数通常以不确定性的随机变量形式参与计算,且其概率分布的期望及方差等指标往往也是不确定的。本文采用矩不确定分布鲁棒优化方法,解决含矩不确定参数的船舶舱室布局min-max优化问题。将各舱室的全局位置参数、相对位置参数和质量分布参数加权整合为目标函数,建立全船范围内的舱室布局DRO-MU优化模型,采用拉格朗日对偶原理将其转为确定的半定规划问题以便求解。算例验证了本文方法的合理性与优越性,该方法针对性地用于解决含矩不确定参数的船舶舱室布局问题具有鲜明特点。     

Assessing additional fuel consumption from cabin thermal comfort and auxiliary needs on the worldwide harmonized light vehicles test cycle

Standards for fuel consumption and carbon dioxide emissions are implemented worldwide in most light-duty vehicle markets. Regulatory drive cycles, defined as specific time-speed patterns, are used to measure levels of fuel consumption and emissions. These measurements should realistically reflect real world driving performance, however there is increasing concern about their adequacy due to the discrepancies observed between certified and real world consumption and emissions values. One of the main reasons for the discrepancy is that current testing protocols do not account for non-mechanical vehicle energy needs, such as passengers’ thermal comfort needs and the use of electric auxiliaries on-board. Cabin heating and cooling can especially lead to considerable increase in vehicle energy consumption. This paper presents a simulation-based assessment framework to account for the additional fuel consumption related to the cabin thermal energy and auxiliary needs under the worldwide-harmonized light vehicles test procedure (WLTP). A vehicle cabin model is developed and the thermal comfort energy needs are derived for cooling and heating, depending on ambient external temperature under cold, moderate and warm climates. A modification to the WLTP is proposed by including the generated power profiles for thermal comfort and auxiliary needs. Dynamic programming is used to compute the fuel consumption on the modified WLTP for a rechargeable series hybrid electric vehicle (SHEV) architecture. Results show consumption increases of 20% to 96% compared to the currently adopted WLTP, depending on the considered climate.     

复杂舱室船舶节点结构疲劳强度评估方法研究

由于使命或功能要求的不同,有些船型具有复杂的舱室划分和结构,其节点的结构形式和数量众多,在设计分析过程中发现节点的应力集中和疲劳问题突出.因而,在对具有复杂舱室的船舶进行疲劳强度评估时,需要考虑的疲劳校核部位相应增多.针对疲劳校核部位选取的问题,本次研究提出基于全船有限元基本网格节点进行疲劳节点筛选的方法.另外,本文以由上述筛选方法筛选出的船舶强框架结构位置处的热点为例,给出了该结构处圆弧过渡位置的4种细化方式;并参照中国船级社2015版《船体结构疲劳指南》,给出了复杂舱室船舶节点结构疲劳强度评估的整套方法.     

潜艇密闭舱室供氧措施分析

介绍潜艇密闭舱室供氧的几种措施，各措施的原理、优缺点;分析国外潜艇供氧技术的发展过程、最新技术和未来舱室供氧的发展趋势。     

基于UGⅡ的双底双壳油轮液货舱自动建模系统

本文介绍了为实现基于 CAD模型的舱容计量及仿真 ,以 UGII为平台开发的CAD自动建模系统。针对双底双壳油轮液货舱容积计量为典型研究对象 ,结合实例阐述了建模的方法、UG/OPEN开发和参数化技术在槽型舱壁建模中应用等 ,并给出了部分代码     

车内次声的试验研究

文中论述了车内次声的发生机理，并用实测法研究了车内次声的规律性。结果表明，在车内声波的总能量中，次声波的能量占主要成分，听声的能量所占比例极小。随着车的提高，车内次声总声压级也相应提高，120km/h时，开右前窗时次声总声压级达到121dB（IL），闭窗时次声总声压级达到114dB（IL）。次声的声压级峰值频率范围是1．5－9Hz，未发现明显的共振频率和谐波。