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51.
The development and calibration of complex traffic models demands parsimonious techniques, because such models often involve hundreds of thousands of unknown parameters. The Weighted Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation (W-SPSA) algorithm has been proven more efficient than its predecessor SPSA (Spall, 1998), particularly in situations where the correlation structure of the variables is not homogeneous. This is crucial in traffic simulation models where effectively some variables (e.g. readings from certain sensors) are strongly correlated, both in time and space, with some other variables (e.g. certain OD flows). In situations with reasonably sized traffic networks, the difference is relevant considering computational constraints. However, W-SPSA relies on determining a proper weight matrix (W) that represents those correlations, and such a process has been so far an open problem, and only heuristic approaches to obtain it have been considered.This paper presents W-SPSA in a formally comprehensive way, where effectively SPSA becomes an instance of W-SPSA, and explores alternative approaches for determining the matrix W. We demonstrate that, relying on a few simplifications that marginally affect the final solution, we can obtain W matrices that considerably outperform SPSA. We analyse the performance of our proposed algorithm in two applications in motorway networks in Singapore and Portugal, using a dynamic traffic assignment model and a microscopic traffic simulator, respectively. 相似文献
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在高速公路收费和清分过程中,由于新增的高速公路和收费站点特别是环型路段的增加使得原有的静态算法已经不适宜于现实情况。本文提出了高速公路中基于最短路径和环型路段的动态收费和清分解决方案,并给出了详细的基于环型路段的动态算法。环型路段问题解决后,可以判知车辆实际行车路线,从而大幅提高收费及清分的准确性和效率。 相似文献
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Rodrigo Mesa-Arango 《智能交通系统杂志
》2014,18(4):327-338
》2014,18(4):327-338
Several transportation problems, such as implementation of truck-only lanes, require understanding the interaction of heterogeneous dynamic traffic flows in order to provide accurate solutions. System-optimal dynamic traffic assignment can be modeled using a network loading procedure based on the cell transmission model, that is, the hydrodynamic wave model, and solved by linear programming. However, this framework cannot handle the asymmetric integration between the flow of trucks and cars. This article presents a novel formulation for network loading in system-optimal dynamic traffic assignment considering car–truck interactions. By using an embedded cell transmission model, this formulation incorporates a set of assumptions related to the kinematic characteristics of the flow of cars, trucks, and their interactions that can be solved using linear programming. We present numerical results supporting our modeling assumptions. Likewise, the observed emergent behavior captures the car–truck interactions accurately and indicates that minimum system-optimal travel time is obtained by encouraging cars to use highways with shorter distances. 相似文献
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Estelle Chevallier Ludovic Leclercq 《Transportation Research Part B: Methodological》2007,41(10):1139-1150
The following paper presents a dynamic macroscopic model for unsignalized intersections which accounts for time-limited disruptions in the minor stream flow, even in free-flow conditions when the average flow demand is satisfied. It introduces a deterministic fictive traffic light to represent an average alternating sequence of available and busy time periods for insertion depending on the major stream flow. Two allocation schemes of the total outflow during green periods are developed to model the influence or non-influence of the minor stream over the major stream flow. The aggregation of the resulting dynamic flow variations gives relevant capacity values. Moreover, the model predicts accurate average vehicle delay and queue length estimates compared to theoretical and empirical data. It has three easy-to-measure parameters and can be integrated into a dynamic macroscopic simulation tool for urban networks. 相似文献
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准双曲面齿轮传动的动载荷计算 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
本文以准双曲面齿轮传动系统为研究对象,考虑齿轮副在回转方向与各支承方向上的振动自由度,建立了齿轮系统的动力学模型,推导出它的运动微分方程,提出该参数激励方程组的求解方法,并进一步研究这一齿轮传动系统的激励特性,精确地计算出齿轮上的动载荷及各种转速下的动载系统。 相似文献
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汽车车架动特性分析及应用 总被引:30,自引:0,他引:30
应用大型结构分析软件SAP5P,对某车架者了有限元动态分析和实验模态分析,通过分析所提供的信息,对某客货车在使用中发生的故障进行了诊断,提出了相应的改进措施,从而使该车具有更好的动态性能。 相似文献
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本文介绍曲轴动平衡去重校正的计算。由于去重形状复杂以及去重钻头不与曲轴轴心垂直,当校正面固定时去重重心不落在校正面上。解决办法是在实时计算时,多次调整校正面直至去重重心落在校正面上。 相似文献