齿轮传动系统建模与典型界面传递特性研究

随着车辆齿轮传动系统向着高速、重载和大功率的方向发展，结构日趋复杂，运行工况多变，极易发生零部件损伤故障，影响系统运行可靠性。建立准确的齿轮传动系统模型，研究系统典型界面传递特性变化规律，是系统故障检测和定位的关键技术基础。本文综合考虑齿轮时变啮合刚度、啮合阻尼、齿侧间隙及轴承支承刚度等关键影响因素，建立定轴齿轮传动系统非线性动力学模型，结合振动特性试验测试，有效验证齿轮传动动力学建模的准确性；然后针对齿轮啮合界面和轴承界面，构建典型界面力模型，以振动信号传递的衰减系数量化表征传递特性，开展典型界面振动传递的仿真和试验研究，揭示振动信号在齿轮传动系统传递的本质规律，为车辆齿轮传动系统故障检测中传感器测点布置提供有力的理论和技术支撑。     

汽车传动系齿轮噪声的分析与控制

分析了汽车传动系统中齿轮传动产生噪声的根源，根据振动噪声理论建立了数学分析模型，分析了齿轮在传动过程中的运动及受力情况，指出传动系齿轮噪声是多种因素造成的综合反映，提出了从控制齿轮几何参数和保护制造，装配精度两方面来降低系统噪声的措施。     

驱动桥弧齿准双曲面齿轮副间滑移磨损的工艺对策

在驱动桥传动系统中,主减速器的性能是决定该传动系统性能的关键.在带有驱动桥的汽车上,通常主减速器的齿轮副为弧齿准双曲面齿轮副.因为弧齿准双曲面齿轮副有许多其他齿轮无法比拟的优点:传动平稳,结构紧凑,噪声低等.     

汽车传动系统齿轮装置磨损的一种电测方法

论述了通过一种新型磁阻式传感器测量汽车传动系统齿轮装置润滑油中的磨损颗粒含量的方法，以达到在线监测传动系统齿轮装置磨损程度的目的。     

工程塑料材料用于传动系统

汽车中的传动系统为低成本的工程塑料材料提供了更加宽广的应用空间：从齿轮变速器和执行机构到变速排挡齿轮系统。例如：制造商易格斯（igus）公司开发的iglidurR H4材料的滑动轴承取代了传统的金属滑动轴承及滚动轴承。在实际应用中，此材料显示出其优异的吸振性，同时可有效避免和铸铝基体接触表面的磨损。另外，该材料耐机油，可在最高200℃的温度下使用。     

车辆齿轮油对汽车传动系统噪声的影响

选用不同黏度级别的车辆齿轮油对汽车传动系统进行噪声测试，探索齿轮油黏度与传动系统噪声相关性。试验结果表明，使用大跨度多级齿轮润滑油，能够降低汽车传动系统噪声2dB左右。     

混合动力电动大客车技术问题研究分析

全球性的环保与能源问题使混合动力电动汽车成为研究重点之一,本文着重论述了发展混合动力电动客车的必要性,混合动力驱动系统的基本结构形式分析和行星齿轮变速装置在传动系统中的应用,并对行星齿轮变速装置进行了建模分析。     

电动车动力传动系统的扭转特性研究

电动车动力传动系统与传统汽车相比,省略了离合器,所受的激励也不同。因此,有必要研究电动车动力传动系统的扭转特性。在建立某电动车电机动力传动系统扭转振动模型的基础上,分析了传动系统的固有特性,并结合加速过程中动力传动系统受到的激励,研究了传动系统扭转性特性。     

奔驰EQC纯电动 新技术剖析(四)

正八、驱动机构传动系统如图33所示。作为新EQC产品和技术品牌的第一个梅赛德斯-奔驰代表,EQC采用了全新研发的驱动系统。EQC的前轴和后轴上采用紧凑型电传动系统。电传动系统是一个紧凑型单元,包括电机,直流/交流转换器和变速箱,通过该装置,后轴上装配了附加驻车止动爪。变速器由一个2级输入变速器和一个集成式斜角齿轮驱动差     

齿轮精度对变速器传动效率的影响研究

变速器作为传动系统的重要组成部分,提升其传动效率可改善传动系统的整体效率。本文以某5档手动变速器为研究对象,通过台架试验研究不同工况下齿轮精度对变速器传动效率的影响。结果表明,采用磨齿工艺的高精度齿轮的变速器的传动效率有明显提升。     

汽车变速器齿轮系统动力学行为分析

以单对渐开线直齿圆柱齿轮传动为例,对汽车变速器齿轮非线性动力学建模及其动力学行为分析方法进行了研究,分析了随着齿轮副激励频率、载荷比、阻尼比等参数变化系统周期解结构的变化情况,相关方法和结论对于更好地掌握变速器齿轮动态特性,以及更好地对变速器进行NVH控制有指导意义。     

基于齿轮非线性动力学的变速器异响分析

从非线性动力学的角度对某变速器齿轮异响故障进行分析,针对异响的表现特征对单对齿轮副间隙非线性振动问题进行研究,从影响齿轮非线性动力响应特征的激励频率、载荷比、阻尼比等参数出发分析系统稳定的条件,并根据分析所得的结论对变速器异响问题的改进提出建议。     

基于试验场道路的变速器台架载荷谱研究

通过实车采集试验样车在试验场道路上行驶时的CAN BUS数据,可直接获得发动机转速、扭矩和档位等信号;把传统的载荷-时间频次关系,转变为载荷-发动机飞轮旋转频次关系,同时记录各载荷等级对应的各个挡位的频次,这样可获得在各个档位下,不同载荷等级对应转速区间内的飞轮旋转频次,根据齿轮材料的S-N曲线和疲劳累积Miner理论,计算出各档位的疲劳强度,然后基本疲劳损伤等效原理选取各档位下产生较大疲劳强度的扭矩和转速,作为台架试验输入的载荷和转速,可有效避免载荷和转速选取的盲目性,为科学的制定台架试验载荷谱提供了依据。     

四轮转向汽车操纵动力学虚拟仿真分析

从机械动力学仿真的角度，研究4WS汽车的瞬态和稳态操纵动力学特性。运用虚拟样机技术，给出4WS车辆在适当前轮转角及不同的大小、比值、方向以及转向时间差等后轮转角的条件下，车辆的瞬态和稳态动力学性能的表现。     

Coupler rotation behaviour and its effect on heavy haul trains

When a locomotive coupler rotates at an angle, the lateral component of the coupler force has an adverse effect on the locomotive's safety, particularly in heavy haul trains. In this paper, a model of a head-mid configuration, a 20,000-t heavy haul train is developed to analyse the rotation behaviour of the locomotive's coupler system and its effect on the dynamic behaviour of such a train's middle locomotive when operating on tangent and curved tracks. The train model includes detailed coupler and draft gear with which to consider the hysteretic characteristics of the rubber draft gear model, the friction characteristics of the coupler knuckles, and the alignment-control characteristics of the coupler shoulder. The results indicate that the coupler's rotation behaviour differs between the tangent and curved tracks, significantly affecting the locomotive's running performance under the braking condition. A larger coupler rotation angle generates a larger lateral component, which increases the wheelset's lateral force and the derailment coefficient. Decreasing the maximum coupler free angle can improve the locomotive's operational performance and safety. Based on these results, the recommended maximum coupler free angle is 4°.     

Effect of vehicle vibration environment of high-speed train on dynamic performance of axle box bearing

In this study, we developed a comprehensive three-dimensional vehicle–track coupled dynamics model considering the traction drive system and axle box bearing. In this model, dynamic interactions between the axle box bearing and other components, such as the wheelset and bogie frame, are considered based on a detailed analysis of the structural properties and working mechanism of the axle box bearing. A few complicated dynamic excitations, such as the time-varying mesh stiffness of gears, time-varying stiffness of bearing, bearing gaps and track irregularities, are considered. Then, the dynamic responses of the vehicle–track system are demonstrated via numerical simulations based on the established dynamics model. The results indicate that the traction drive system and track irregularities can significantly influence the dynamic interactions of the axle box bearing. The necessity of considering the excitation caused by gear meshing and track irregularities when assessing the dynamic performance of the axle box bearing is demonstrated.     

轿车起步颤振现象实验测试与时频域分析

汽车起步颤振是指汽车在一定的挡位、节气门开度和道路负载下起步时,出现的传动系剧烈的扭转振动现象。本文考虑了挡位、节气门开度和路面坡度等因素,选取一挡小油门起步工况进行了实车道路实验,对测得的某位置振动加速度信号进行了时域和频域上的分析,确定该工况下引起该轿车起步颤振现象的特征频率。     

Study on the performance of active front steering system

The performance of a steering system equipped with active front steering (AFS) device is investigated with the consideration of AFS intervention and a proposed dynamic model. Firstly, the kinematics and dynamics of AFS are illustrated based on the mechanism of AFS with planetary gear set and a detailed dynamic model. Furthermore, a basic control on the voltage of DC motor at AFS actuator is proposed. It is realized by a proportional controller that the input is the difference of desired steering ratio and a conventional gear ratio. Finally, two numerical simulations are carried out. One is on-center handling test to demonstrate the basic characteristics of AFS. The other simulation is to demonstrate the effects of vehicle speed, frequency of steering input and AFS intervention on steering system performance. It is shown that the proposed AFS dynamic model is capable to simulate dynamic performance of AFS. The effect of AFS intervention on turning efforts at hand steering wheel is inevitable and the turning comfort is deteriorated to some extent.     

Locomotive dynamic performance under traction/braking conditions considering effect of gear transmissions

Traction or braking operations are usually applied to trains or locomotives for acceleration, speed adjustment, and stopping. During these operations, gear transmission equipment plays a very significant role in the delivery of traction or electrical braking power. Failures of the gear transmissions are likely to cause power loses and even threaten the operation safety of the train. Its dynamic performance is closely related to the normal operation and service safety of the entire train, especially under some emergency braking conditions. In this paper, a locomotive–track coupled vertical–longitudinal dynamics model is employed with considering the dynamic action from the gear transmissions. This dynamics model enables the detailed analysis and more practical simulation on the characteristics of power transmission path, namely motor–gear transmission–wheelset–longitudinal motion of locomotive, especially for traction or braking conditions. Multi-excitation sources, such as time-varying mesh stiffness and nonlinear wheel–rail contact excitations, are considered in this study. This dynamics model is then validated by comparing the simulated results with the experimental test results under braking conditions. The calculated results indicate that involvement of gear transmission could reveal the load reduction of the wheelset due to transmitted forces. Vibrations of the wheelset and the motor are dominated by variation of the gear dynamic mesh forces in the low speed range and by rail geometric irregularity in the higher speed range. Rail vertical geometric irregularity could also cause wheelset longitudinal vibrations, and do modulations to the gear dynamic mesh forces. Besides, the hauling weight has little effect on the locomotive vibrations and the dynamic mesh forces of the gear transmissions for both traction and braking conditions under the same running speed.     

基于第二代非支配排序遗传算法的变速器齿轮系多目标可靠性优化

以某微型车变速器为研究对象,在变速器结构已确定、传动比最佳的条件下,以可靠性为主要约束,以齿轮系总体积最小、中心距最小和总重合度最大为目标建立变速器齿轮系多目标优化的数学模型.采用第二代非支配排序遗传算法对变速器齿轮系进行多目标优化并得到其Pareto最优解集.实例计算表明,该数学模型和优化程序是正确、有效.