台州湾海域水文泥沙环境及海床冲淤演变分析

文章结合台州湾海域历史上各年代、各测次的水文泥沙测验和实测地形资料,对该海区1934~1998年和1988~2003年2个不同时间长度内的地形变化进行了分析,结果表明:台州湾属于强潮海域,具有潮差大、潮汐动力强的特点;该海区在1988年以前处于略有淤积状态,而1988年后期处于冲淤基本平衡的稳定状况;椒江口内高含沙水体的往返运移对湾内水域冲淤变化的影响甚小;造成该海区海床变化的泥沙主要来自于浙江东海岸沿岸泥沙运动,随着来自长江口泥沙的逐年减少,该海域的海床形态基本趋于稳定,海域含沙量逐步降低,为台州市深水港的建设提供了良好的泥沙环境。     

The annual cycle of nanoflagellates in the Central Cantabrian Sea (Bay of Biscay)

The annual cycle of nanoflagellates (NF) including autotrophic (ANF), heterotrophic (HNF) and mixotropic (MNF) flagellates carried out in a temperate sea (Central Cantabrian Sea, southern Bay of Biscay) is presented. Three stations with characteristics ranging from coastal to oceanic conditions were analysed in order to compare NF response to this gradient. Samples were monthly collected at each station at three different depths between February 2002 and December 2002. CTD profiles were also taken at each station. NF were grouped according to their trophic status into ANF, HNF and MNF. Abundance and biomass were determined for each group. The annual cycle showed a general pattern consisting in a maximum in July with secondary maxima in March and October and minimum values in May. ANF were the most important fraction, making a major contribution (nearly 75%) to total NF biomass in all stations. HNF represented over 20% along the cycle, except for a peak in spring found in every station. MNF reached less than 5%, showing low seasonability. Small flagellates (2–5 µm) dominated throughout the cycle. Microplankton community was also analysed in terms of abundance and biomass. A significant positive correlation (r² = 0.49) was obtained between 2–5 µm NF and 10–20 µm HNF–MNF biomasses, suggesting a possible trophic relationship between these groups which should be cautiously taken. No significant relationships were found between microplankton and NF or between nutrients and ANF, indicating that the regulation of NF numbers is complex and probably implicates other groups. In addition to this, the unexpected 2002 Chl a concentration pattern and the misplacing of upwelling events render necessary to perform additional studies to fully understand the precise behaviour of NF in the Cantabrian Sea. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of a NF cycle in a temperate sea that considers all functional groups.     

关于渤海湾危险货物滚装运输的探讨

文中分析了渤海湾危险货物滚装运输发展的现状，论述了制约危险货物滚装运输的主要因素，提出了相应的改进建议和加强监督管理的措施     

曹妃甸新区交通需求预测模型的思考

对于没有基础的交通量和经济社会发展状况等方面数据的未开发区域以及没有系统科学的交通量调查数据的曾经偏远落后的地区,很难用经典的交通需求预测模型来预测其远景年的交通量,可以考虑采用土地利用回归模型对该地区进行交通需求预测。     

浅淡洋山工程质量管理

洋山深水港工程意义深远，工程开工伊始，项目部即制定了工程质量创优计划，明确了工程的质量方针和质量目标。从7个方面，介绍了工程施工过程中，按既定的质量目标规范施工流程，严格管理的做法。     

Recent sedimentary study of the shelf of the Basque country

The Northern Iberian margin of the Spanish Basque country (provinces of Gipuzkoa and Viscaia) is characterized by a narrow continental platform, which receives inputs of riverine particulate matter from the numerous riverine systems located within the Basque country. This particulate matter is subsequently deposited within the Bay of Biscay, and Gouf de Capbreton [Frouin, R., Fiuza, A.F.G., Ambar, I., Boyd, T.J., 1990. Observations of a poleward surface current off the coasts of Portugal and Spain during winter. Journal of Geophysical Research 95 (C1), 679–691]. The main goal of this study is to establish a map of the surface sediment distribution of the Basque continental shelf and more specifically to map the muddy patch located at the eastern side of that continental shelf.Three oceanographic cruises were conducted in 2003 and 2004. From these campaigns 340 surface samples, 12 short cores and 3 gravity cores have been collected over the mid and outer shelf from depths ranging between 50 m and 150 m deep. 3 seismic profiles were obtained across the shelf mud patch using a Sparker device.Sediment grain-size analyses were performed by the classical physical method of sieving and use of settling columns. The POC (Particular Organic Carbon) amounts in sediment and water samples were determined using the Strickland and Parsons' method [Strickland, J.D.H., Parsons, T.R., 1972. Determination of particulate carbon. In : A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Fisheries ResearchBoard of Canada, Ottawa, pp. 207−211] as adapted by Etcheber [Etcheber, H., 1981. Comparaison des diverses méthodes d'évaluation des teneurs en matières en suspension et en carbone organique particulaire des eaux marines du plateau continental aquitain. Journal de Recherche Océanographique VI (2), 37−42]. Radioisotopic measurements (²¹⁰Pb_exc) were made using a semi-planar germanium detector coupled to a multichannel analyser. Radiographical analysis was performed with an X-ray equipment (SCOPIX®) coupled with a radioscopy instrumentation and processing unit.Firstly, a detailed sedimentological map of this shelf has been produced and secondly, geophysical surveys have precisely mapped the geometry of the main mud patch on the continental shelf. In the mud patch itself the rates of sedimentation are between 0.13 and 0.50 cm yr^− 1. The maximum rate of sedimentation is located in the central mud patch, whereas the minimum rate of deposition occurs close to the rocky outcrops. These results seem to be in agreement with the estimation of the total thickness of the mud patch revealed by seismic profiles. The central part corresponds to the maximum thickness of 7 m.Interpretations of the associated oceanic current forcing factors (current direction, wave fetch and wind directional modes) relating to the identified sediment depositional zones are also undertaken.     

粤港澳大湾区船舶污染风险分析及防治对策研究

2019年2月18日中共中央、国务院印发了《粤港澳大湾区发展规划纲要》,其中航运清洁发展是重要的内容之一。面对粤港澳大湾区水路运输高速发展的态势,尤其是石油及其制品的运量快速增长,船舶及其有关作业活动对水域环境造成的污染风险越来越大,大湾区内各市均不同程度面临着严峻的船舶污染防治形势。为保障国家、行业以及《规划纲要》关于船舶污染防治措施和要求的落实,本研究对大湾区船舶污染风险进行了分析,梳理了大湾区船舶污染防治现状,并提出了相应的污染防治对策。     

Environmental impacts of transformative land use and transport developments in the Greater Beijing Region: Insights from a new dynamic spatial equilibrium model

This paper reports the insights into environmental impacts of the ongoing transformative land use and transport developments in Greater Beijing, from a new suite of dynamic land use, spatial equilibrium and strategic transport models that is calibrated for medium to long term land use and transport predictions. The model tests are focused on urban passenger travel demand and associated emissions within the municipality of Beijing, accounting for Beijing’s land use and transport interactions with Tianjin, Hebei and beyond. The findings suggests that background trends of urbanization, economic growth and income rises will continue to be very powerful drivers for urban passenger travel demand across all main modes of transport beyond 2030. In order to achieve the dual policy aims for a moderately affluent and equitable nation and reducing the absolute levels of urban transport emissions by 2030, road charging and careful micro-level coordination between land use, built form and public transport provision may need to be considered together for policy implementation in the near future.     

滨海新区桥梁设计问题的探讨

结合新区建设的设计经验,从桥梁专业设计人的角度出发,对新区桥梁设计工作值得注意的几个问题进行总结与探讨。主要结合目前部分区域交通运输的需求,提出根据实际情况进行适当提高标准的建议,并给出了工程实例;结合滨海新区环境特点,强调耐久性设计,并结合工程实际给出了一些具体的办法和实例;同时对设计理念和养管等问题也提出了有益的建议。     

青岛胶州湾海底隧道陆域段近距下穿地表建筑物爆破震动控制技术

青岛胶州湾海底隧道陆域段钻爆施工期间,为确保距隧道拱顶约12 m的地表建筑物安全及隧道大断面掘进,通过采用下导超前、后续大断面扩挖施工方法,运用液压凿岩台车进行大中空孔直眼掏槽及合理化的钻爆设计等技术,将地表建筑物最大垂直震速控制在国标允许范围之内;通过采用孔外中段别雷管接力起爆,实现了大断面（超前下导、后续扩挖面）一次性点火起爆,解决了大断面一次性爆破雷管段别不足的难题;通过爆破震动测试及数据回归分析,得到了震动波在地层中的传播规律,并通过该规律进行药量真正校核。