对台直航船舶监督管理初探

文中简要分析了泉金客运航线的通航现状及各类对台直航船舶的监管特点，介绍了海事部门在对台直航船舶监督管理方面积累的成功做法和宝贵经验，形成对直航船舶监督管理的初步探讨意见和相关建议，供相关海事机构决策参考。     

Modelling navigation in muddy areas through captive model tests

Many access channels and harbours suffer from sedimentation and formation of mud layers. To keep navigation safe and economic, extensive maintenance dredging is needed. Until now, the required level of dredging has always been determined by making use of the physical characteristics of the mud layer, which does not necessarily result in efficient dredging. Ship behaviour also matters, and knowledge of ship manoeuvrability can help to redefine the level of dredging required. A mathematical model of manoeuvring for simulation purposes, based on a comprehensive series of captive model tests, is presented, along with a selection of results.     

A new methodology for incident detection and characterization on surface streets

In this paper, a new methodology is presented for real-time detection and characterization of incidents on surface streets. The proposed automatic incident detection approach is capable of detecting incidents promptly as well as characterizing incidents in terms of time-varying lane-changing fractions and queue lengths in blocked lanes, lanes blocked due to incidents, and incident duration. The architecture of the proposed incident detection approach consists of three sequential procedures: (1) Symptom Identification for identification of incident symptoms, (2) Signal Processing for real-time prediction of incident-related lane traffic characteristics and (3) Pattern Recognition for incident recognition. Lane traffic counts and occupancy are the only two major types of input data, which can be readily collected from point detectors. The primary techniques utilized in this paper include: (1) a discrete-time, nonlinear, stochastic system with boundary constraints to predict real-time lane-changing fractions and queue lengths and (2) a pattern-recognition-based algorithm employing modified sequential probability ratio tests (MSPRT) to detect incidents. Off-line tests based on simulated as well as video-based real data were conducted to assess the performance of the proposed algorithm. The test results have indicated the feasibility of achieving real-time incident detection using the proposed methodology.     

船舶通航安全对策的思考

本文通过对几个船舶过桥事故的案例分析，探讨了跨江、跨海桥梁设施对船舶通航安全的影响，提出了船舶在桥区安全航行的对策，以避免船舶过桥安全事故的发生。     

基于Unscented卡尔曼滤波器的地磁辅助组合导航

将船位推算与地磁测量相结合构成组合导航方法.首先建立了推算模型,然后利用Unscented卡尔曼滤波方法,直接将地磁测量的结果用于校正推算结果,进行导航定位.此方法不采用匹配方法进行定位,可进行实时定位,能适用于非线性和离散的地磁模型.仿真表明,此方法能减小定位误差,适用于基于船位推算和地磁定位的实时组合导航.     

铁路集装箱中心站智能大门信息系统集成设计

本文从铁路集装箱中心站智能大门功能入手，讨论智能大门信息系统构成及系统业务流程，论述中心站智能大门建设的必要性及可行性。     

浅谈如何推进航标船艇应急反应能力建设

文中结合航标船艇工作特点，谈如何推进航标船艇应急反应能力建设。     

粉沙质海岸的泥沙运动和外航道淤积

文章分析了粉沙质海岸泥沙运动特性和粉沙质海岸外航道泥沙淤积特点,针对粉沙质海岸存在的悬移质、推移质和近底流移质3种泥沙运移形态,提出了计算粉沙质海岸外航道淤积的三层模式,并推导了临底流移质淤积计算的实用公式,进而建立了适用于粉沙质海岸外航道淤积的实用公式,并以黄骅港实测资料为依据,计算了黄骅港曾出现的大风淤积,并与实测结果进行对比,结果显示趋势一致、量级吻合,公式可推广应用。     

Developing an enhanced weight-based topological map-matching algorithm for intelligent transport systems

Map-matching (MM) algorithms integrate positioning data from a Global Positioning System (or a number of other positioning sensors) with a spatial road map with the aim of identifying the road segment on which a user (or a vehicle) is travelling and the location on that segment. Amongst the family of MM algorithms consisting of geometric, topological, probabilistic and advanced, topological MM (tMM) algorithms are relatively simple, easy and quick, enabling them to be implemented in real-time. Therefore, a tMM algorithm is used in many navigation devices manufactured by industry. However, existing tMM algorithms have a number of limitations which affect their performance relative to advanced MM algorithms. This paper demonstrates that it is possible by addressing these issues to significantly improve the performance of a tMM algorithm. This paper describes the development of an enhanced weight-based tMM algorithm in which the weights are determined from real-world field data using an optimisation technique. Two new weights for turn-restriction at junctions and link connectivity are introduced to improve the performance of matching, especially at junctions. A new procedure is developed for the initial map-matching process. Two consistency checks are introduced to minimise mismatches. The enhanced map-matching algorithm was tested using field data from dense urban areas and suburban areas. The algorithm identified 96.8% and 95.93% of the links correctly for positioning data collected in urban areas of central London and Washington, DC, respectively. In case of suburban area, in the west of London, the algorithm succeeded with 96.71% correct link identification with a horizontal accuracy of 9.81 m (2σ). This is superior to most existing topological MM algorithms and has the potential to support the navigation modules of many Intelligent Transport System (ITS) services.     

基于LM算法的组合导航系统的故障诊断

LM (Levenberg-Marquardt)算法是梯度下降法与高斯-牛顿法的结合,在训练次数与精度上明显优于标准的BP算法.介绍了BP神经网络,采用LM算法对标准BP算法进行改进,并应用于船舶组合导航系统的故障诊断.仿真结果表明,LM算法可有效地提高学习速度,缩短训练时间,诊断效果好.