The California Coastal Act and Ports: The Unintended Environmental Justice Implications of Preserving California's Coastline

Consistent with the policies set forth in the Coastal Zone Management Act, the California Coastal Act seeks to balance the utilization and conservation of coastal resources, taking into account the social and economic needs of the citizens of California. One way the statute pursues this balance is through its provisions for ports. These provisions have functioned as a type of smart growth planning for ports, encouraging densification of existing port districts and possibly averting maritime commercial and industrial sprawl along the California coast. One unintended consequence of the encouraged consolidation of port activities, when combined with the rapid growth in international trade over the last four decades, has been disproportionally large environmental and health impacts on low-income and minority communities surrounding ports. This article examines how the Port of Long Beach's conformance with the California Coastal Act has resulted in ongoing environmental justice concerns. It discusses approaches employed by the Port of Long Beach to reduce environmental justice concerns resulting from significant and unavoidable environmental impacts and offers suggestions for how to address this issue.     

汽车驾驶员行为模式及其心理因素对可靠性的影响

综述了汽车驾驶员行为的三种典型模式，详细地剖析了汽车人机系统中驾驶员的行为特征，建立了驾驶员行为模式，并推导出计算驾驶员失误率的公式。应用交通心理学的基本观点，根据驾驶员失误的心理指标体系，结合实际交通事故案例分析，阐明了心理因素对驾驶员可靠性的影响及其程度。     

大型充泥袋结构在黄骅港一期工程引堤工程中的应用

重点介绍黄骅港引堤工程采用大型充泥袋结构方案的研究应用情况,并对设计、施工中的某些技术问题进行探讨并提出建议。     

Estimating economic losses of industry clusters due to port disruptions

Seaport operations are highly important for industries which rely heavily on imports and exports. A reliable evaluation of port risks is essential to govern the normal running of seaborne transportation and thus the industrial economies. The occurrence of a breakdown in the trade facilitators, such as ports, will disrupt the smooth flow of supply chains for the industries. The estimation of the economic loss for an industry when a port gets disrupted is a challenging task as the relationship between the port and industry clusters is complex. This study aims to develop a systematic framework for performing economic loss estimation of industry clusters due to port disruptions. The whole risk assessment is split into three stages focusing on the establishment of a network flow model, economic estimations and evaluating risk mitigation strategies. The proposed idea is demonstrated by a case study on Shenzhen port and its related manufacturing industries. A dynamic inventory control strategy used by manufacturers is found to be beneficial for mitigating port disruption risks.     

洋山深水港区工程码头及接岸结构选型

洋山深水港工程依托外海岛礁地形通过填海造地形成港区,其关键技术之一就是采用何种码头及接岸结构型式才能阻挡软土地基上平均23～26 m高回填土的作用。文章重点介绍一期工程码头及接岸结构在复杂的自然条件、较高的使用要求、恶劣的施工条件以及较短施工周期等条件下,按照有利于工程快速施工、有利于陆域形成以及有利于控制质量的原则,提出采用高桩码头结构 斜顶桩板桩承台驳岸结构型式。实施效果表明:该结构型式适合洋山港区的地质条件和建设条件,有利于港区的陆域形成及后续工程的推进,技术风险小;后方高回填土对码头结构没有影响。     

ECDIS强制配备的港口国监督

文中依据国际公约的有关要求和PSC检查实务,详细阐述了ECDIS的港口国监督检查流程及相应的缺陷处理建议。     

谈航行数据记录仪的港口国监督检查

文中在分析航行数据记录仪主要组成及功能的基础上,以IMO海上安全委员会通过的航行数据记录仪的相关决议为检查依据,结合港口国监督检查实践经验总结出航行数据记录仪检查要点及方法,结合检查实例进行阐述,以期能给同行提供一些有益的参考。     

温州状元岙化工码头工程潮流泥沙数模研究

采用水动力泥沙条件、底床冲淤演变分析及二维潮流泥沙数值模拟手段,对拟建的温州港状元岙港区化工码头工程方案进行了研究。研究结果表明:(1)工程海区潮汐属于正规半日潮类型,为强潮海区;(2)工程海区潮流性质属于不规则半日浅海潮流,潮流运动呈往复流形式;(3)工程海域深槽多年来在波浪潮流作用下一直处于稳定状态;(4)规划的化工码头走向与涨落潮流走向基本一致;(5)规划的化工码头实施后工程附近海区的涨落潮流速呈增加趋势,码头前沿会略有冲刷;(6)化工码头建设对锚地流场没有影响;(7)化工码头工程方案是合理可行的。     

Liner ship route schedule design with port time windows

This paper examines a practical tactical liner ship route schedule design problem, which is the determination of the arrival and departure time at each port of call on the ship route. When designing the schedule, the availability of each port in a week, i.e., port time window, is incorporated. As a result, the designed schedule can be applied in practice without or with only minimum revisions. This problem is formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear nonconvex optimization model. In view of the problem structure, an efficient holistic solution approach is proposed to obtain global optimal solution. The proposed solution method is applied to a trans-Atlantic ship route. The results demonstrate that the port time windows, port handling efficiency, bunker price and unit inventory cost all affect the total cost of a ship route, the optimal number of ships to deploy, and the optimal schedule.     

信息技术对水运公共行政的影响

社会信息化是当代社会的一种大趋势，它正推动着水运公共行政现代化的进程。信息技术的发展对诸如行政人员、行政决策、行政组织、行政方法、行政公文、政府管理模式等公共行政要素和过程产生着深远的影响。