压力容器的应力腐蚀及控制

应力腐蚀是压力容器腐蚀破坏的重要形式,尤其是这种断裂失效呈脆性断裂的特点,易导致灾难性后果。阐述了压力容器应力腐蚀断裂产生的条件和特征,并从合理选材、降低或消除应力和改善环境等方面提出了控制应力腐蚀断裂的技术措施。     

海船通过苏通大桥航法初探

苏通大桥的建设有利于促进江苏北部城市融入上海经济圈,对于江苏的经济、社会发展都具有重大深远的战略意义。文章分析了桥区的水流情况和通航状况,给出了海船通过苏通大桥的航行导则、基本航法及注意事项,并提出了改善桥区通航环境的建议和解决办法,以利于保障大桥水域船舶航行安全。     

潜艇耐压液舱结构稳定性的初步研究

用有限元法分析研究潜艇耐压液舱结构的稳定性问题，通过实例分析，证实所采用的应用软件是可靠的，并指出了该区结构不存在总稳定问题，保证应力强度的耐压船体壳板，密加纵骨的耐压液舱壳板及密设加强筋的实肋板局部稳定性都是有保护的。由此可见，耐压液舱结构稳定性不是矛盾的主要方面，结构的安全性主要受制于应力强度。这些结构对耐压液舱结构的设计有重要意义。     

压力钢带式无级变速器技术降低油耗的潜能分析(一)

为降低压力钢带式无级变速(CVT)车型的燃油消耗,将研究重点放在对其内部不同损耗源的分析上,并认为最有可能降低损耗的部分是压力钢带式CVT的变速机构、液压驱动回路及其控制策略。根据研究结果指出,通过采取诸如滑移控制、改进的液压回路、分离离合器或启动-停止控制等措施,压力钢带式CVT仍具有较大的降低油耗的潜力;今后的工作应着重于扩大CVT滑移控制的工作区域及将此功能应用于生产实际中。。     

局部砰击载荷预报的规范算法研究与分析

通过比较不同船级社砰击规范的适用范围及要求,对砰击压力展开研究。通过对实例船型的计算和分析,比较不同规范计算得到的艏底和外飘砰击压力。分解砰击压力计算的经验公式,提出对砰击压力有显著影响的参数,比较这些参数对砰击压力影响的程度,以指导砰击载荷作用下船体局部结构的设计实践。     

基于Mckyes Ali模型盾构刀具切削软土三维力学模型研究

为研究盾构法施工过程中任意位置刀具与软土之间的相互作用,基于朗肯被动土压理论,以Mckyes Ali理论建立的耕作刀具切土阻力模型为基础,考虑切削土与刀具、地层的法向力、黏聚力以及自身重力等,引入表示切刀任意位置的参变量L和Ψ,根据力的平衡原理,建立任意位置刀具的切削软土三维力学模型。最后,通过与已有模型对比,验证了该模型的准确性;通过编制Excel计算界面,保证了该模型工程应用的可行性。该模型适用于盾构任意位置切刀的受力分析,为刀盘刀具的地质适应性设计提供了更加全面的切刀受力计算公式。     

日用水管系压力平衡及流量控制对策研究

通过对日用水系统供水压力平衡及流量控制存在的问题及产生的技术原因进行分析,针对性地提出了相应对策,并进行了一定的可行性理论定性分析,为日用水系统供水压力平衡及流量控制提供了理论基础。     

Development of a retrofit layer with an embedded array of piezoelectric sensors for transient pressure measurement in maritime applications

Measurement of transient pressure distribution on maritime structures is important for the assessment of the hydrodynamic loads applied. The commonly used pressure sensors are mostly bulky, need to be bolted to the structure, and/or only provide point-wise measurements. In this paper, an elastic matrix layer with a network of embedded piezoelectric sensors is proposed to address these issues. For experimental validation, a 400 × 400 × 5 mm epoxy layer is fabricated embedding 25 piezoelectric sensors on a square grid in accordance with Gauss-Lobatto-Legendre points. A finite element based inverse procedure is developed to reconstruct the pressure field from the electric potentials measured by the piezoelectric transducers. Feasibility of the concept is evaluated by measuring and reconstructing the pressure field generated by a travelling wave in a water tank. Sensitivity of the layer is also investigated through the experiments. The results indicate that the retrofit layer is capable of pressure field reconstruction, and that the presence of disturbances on the sensing surface does not affect the measurements in a notable way, while non-ideal conditions of the mounting can have a significant impact on the accuracy of the measurements. The results highlight the potential of the concept in pressure distribution measurements.     

Efficient time-domain approach for hydroelastic-structural analysis including hydrodynamic pressure distribution on a moored SFT

This study investigates the hydroelastic analysis of a moored SFT (submerged floating tunnel) and the corresponding hydrodynamic pressure distribution under wave excitations. Time-domain discrete-module-beam (DMB) method, in which an elastic structure is modeled by multiple sub-bodies with beam elements, is employed to express the deformable tunnel with multiple mooring lines. Moreover, the top-down scheme is also adopted for detailed structure analyses with less computational cost, which applies the calculated hydrodynamic pressure distribution over SFT's surface to the three-dimensional finite element model. The hydrodynamic pressure includes both wave-induced diffraction pressure and motion-induced radiation pressure. For the validation of the developed numerical approach, comparisons are made with computationally intensive hydroelastic-structural direct-coupled method, two-dimensional wave flume experiment, and independently developed inhouse moored-SFT-simulation program. Furthermore, the influences of flexural motions with buoyancy-weight ratio (BWR) (or bending stiffness) and regular/irregular wave conditions on the dynamic pressure distribution and the resulting local stresses are investigated.