Optimal vibration isolation of a tractor-semi-trailer system

The procedure is presented for the analytical synthesis of optimal vibration isolation of a tractor-semi-trailer system subjected to random excitation coming from the road. A general approach is discussed for a selected vibration isolation criterion. The especially elaborated procedure of complex matrix factorization is applied. The general results are presented by numerical calculations and their graphical illustrations.     

铁道客车系统的垂向减振分析

建立铁道客车垂向振动系统数学模型,计算客车系统幅频特性曲线,根据曲线峰点来确定系统自振频率,给出客车系统自振频率计算的简单近似解析方法和精确数值方法。提出客车系统各刚体振型共振速度的概念和计算公式,得出共振速度只与系统本身的自振频率和结构参数如车辆定距和转向架固定轴距有关。对客车系统在有无动力吸振器情况下的简谐和随机振动进行分析,认为采用吸振器确实能够在一定程度上抑制车体某些频率成分的振动,适当增大吸振器质量、刚度和阻尼,可以达到较好的减振效果。     

船用中速柴油机的振动诊断研究

以８ＮＶＤ４８Ａ－２Ｕ中速柴油机为例介绍了船用中柴油机振动监测与诊断的试验研究，对柴油机振动激励源及振动特征量与磨损状态之间的关系进行了分析。研究表明，利用表面振动监测柴油机零部件的配合状态是可行的。     

多层隔振系统多向冲击响应计算

本文研究了由多刚体组成的多层隔振系统，获得了多刚体振动系统在总体坐标系描述下的力学模型，找到了微分方程运动变量与系统广义坐标向量之间的一个重要变换公式（LG变换），指出了在总体坐标系下多刚体振动系统振型的物理意义，导出了该系统振动分析的有关计算公式，并且首次在基础多向冲击激励输入情况下，求得了系统的冲击响应，最后给出一计算实例。     

Root mean square optimization criterion for vibration behaviour of linear quarter car using analytical methods

In this paper, a linear two-degree-of-freedom quarter car model is used to derive a number of analytical formulae describing the dynamic behaviour of passively suspended vehicles running on a harmonically bumped road. The linearity of the system allows us to analytically investigate the steady-state response characteristics. We derive analytical expressions for the root mean square (RMS) of the sprung mass absolute acceleration and relative displacement. This paper demonstrates the shortcomings of existing classical optimization methods. Hence we introduce a new optimization method based on minimizing the absolute acceleration RMS with respect to the relative displacement RMS. The RMS optimization method is applied for the symbolic derivation of analytical formulae featuring the best compromise among conflicting performance indices pertaining to the vehicle suspension system, i.e., sprung mass acceleration and working space. The proposed optimization technique is utilized to find the optimal damping and stiffness curves for the main suspension. The RMS optimal values are used to create design charts for suspension parameters, which are very useful particularly in the presence of physical constraints such as a limit on relative displacement. We introduce a numerical example to illustrate the optimality of the obtained solutions.     

基于VTM水泥稳定碎石劈裂强度特性

通过振动法,研究级配、原材料、水泥剂量、龄期等因素对水泥稳定碎石劈裂强度的影响,结果表明,与传统试验方法设计水泥稳定碎石相比,在同等水泥剂量下,基于VTM水泥稳定碎石劈裂强度可提高76％左右;与GF级配水泥稳定碎石相比,MG级配水泥稳定碎石28d、60d劈裂强度提高了8％-15％;在同等条件下,劈裂强度Rp90／R日范围为2．9—3．8,平均值3．3;劈裂强度R脚／尺F范围为1．9～2．0,平均值2．0;在同等水泥剂量、龄期下,水泥稳定碎石（石灰岩或花岗岩）劈裂强度为水泥稳定碎石（砂岩）2倍以上;水泥稳定碎石劈裂强度水泥增强效廊在减弱．     

MTMD to increase fatigue life for OWT jacket structures using Powell's method

The Powell's method was developed to determine the optimal stiffness and damping of multi-tuned mass dampers (MTMD) in offshore wind turbine (OWT) support structures under fatigue loads. Numerical examples indicated that the Powell's method results are always better than those using MTMD formulations. With the exception of the blade passing (3P) frequency, it was found in this work that a positive integer (n) multiple of the 3P frequency will also result in a large wind-induced vibration, which can be excited by the frequency of the first structural vertical rotation mode and will cause significant fatigue damage. The first translation mode TMD installed at the tower top is efficient to increase fatigue life at the tower and brace connections, but it cannot reduce fatigue damage at the column and brace connections below the platform. The second translation mode TMD can reduce fatigue damage resulting from large wave loads and thus increase the fatigue life of the braces and columns. The mode-3 TMD with a reduction in the 3(3P) vertical rotation can effectively increase the fatigue life of the braces and columns. Thus, the appropriate use of these TMDs can be effective for the fatigue problem of OWT support structures.     

平台运动下悬链线立管涡激振动响应特性分析

悬链线立管会在半潜平台运动带动下出现涡激振动现象,对立管疲劳寿命造成影响.借助海工结构物动力分析软件Orcaflex建立立管模型,使用Iwan-Blevins尾流振子模型进行数值模拟.通过与试验结果对比验证了该方法的可行性.同时建立实尺度悬链线立管模型,并考虑背景海流的影响,分析平台垂荡、纵荡运动下的立管涡激振动响应和疲劳损伤.研究表明,平台运动产生的非定常流场将引起悬链线立管发生涡激振动现象,并在背景洋流激励的基础上增大疲劳损伤,在立管结构实际工程设计时应予以关注.     

基于地铁轨检波形不平顺控制的轨道技术探讨

轨道不平顺性是引起列车产生振动和轮轨作用力增大的主要根源,对列车运营安全性、平稳、舒适度、使用寿命及环境噪声等都有重要影响。基于地铁轨检车波形数据,从高低、轨向、水平、轨距四类不平顺方面考虑,采用归类方法分析不同的轨道类型不平顺性特点,探讨提高轨道平顺性、舒适性措施及思路,介绍轨道精密定位的基础控制网技术提高轨道初始平顺性,轨道润滑技术,分析减振地段平顺性、全线轨枕间距控制,以及介绍消除轨道不平顺影响降低车内噪声提高乘客舒适度的轨道吸声板技术。     

轨面不平顺对高架支承块轨道结构振动特性影响试验研究

针对轨面不平顺对高架支承块轨道结构振动特性的影响进行现场试验,分别从时域和频域对比分析不同轨面不平顺状态下轨道结构的振动响应,重点考虑10～1 000 Hz频率范围内的振动.分析结果表明:轮轨冲击力和轨道结构振动加速度幅值随轨面不平顺幅值的增加而增大,同时也受到轨面不平顺类型和波长分布的影响;轨面不平顺引起的钢轨振动频率主要分布在50～1 000 Hz的范围内,承轨台、桥面板垂向振动频率分布在40～200 Hz的范围内,轨面不平顺的波长分布是影响轨道结构振动频率分布特性的主要因素之一;降低谐波型轨面不平顺幅值0.2mm,可以减小钢轨垂向振动水平14.1dB.建议将轨面不平顺谱加入轨道质量的评价指标中.