基于 LCA 的轨道交通车站 碳排放分析

建筑业作为碳排放最大的行业之一,每年排放的 CO2 约占世界总排放量的 25%,而建筑物化阶段和运营 阶段是建筑全生命周期中排放量最大的阶段,因此对这部分碳排放量化具有重要的研究意义。以某轨道交通车站 为案例,将建筑物化阶段进行分解,建立单元工序的碳排放计算模型,再对运营阶段的能耗进行分析,最后集成 得到整个工程的碳排放计算模型。通过案例分析发现,建筑物化阶段中钢材的碳排放量占总材料碳排放的 50.84%; 机械碳排放中柴油占比最大,为 70.62%;而在人员碳排放中垃圾处理的碳排放所占比例达到 78%,在车站运营 阶段通风空调系统碳排放占比最大,为 48.2%。根据计算结果,从机械使用、施工方式、能源来源、运营方式等 给出节能减排措施。     

CFRP预应力筋夹片式锚固系统疲劳性能研究

碳纤维(CFRP)以其优异的性能成为土木工程领域极具应用前景的新型建筑材料,但CFRP筋在应用中遇到的最大难点就是锚固问题.在对传统夹片式锚具进行改进的基础上,对不同锚杯长度和锚杯内壁倾角的新型夹片式锚具进行了疲劳性能试验研究.试验结果表明,该类锚具具有良好的动力抗疲劳性能;锚杯内壁倾角一定时,锚杯长度越大,锚具组装件的疲劳性能越好.     

碳/芳纶纤维增强混凝土温度变形自约束作用的研究

用具有温度负膨胀特性参数的碳／芳纶纤维增强水泥及混凝土可以增加其强度及机械性能，同时还可以控制其温度变形以防止开裂。章根据各向异性材料分析方法，对碳／芳纶纤维增强水泥及混凝土的温度变形自约束作用进行了研究和试验。     

碳纤维在旧桥加固中的应用

阐述了碳纤维加固修复混凝土结构技术的基本原理，结合碳纤维加固京福高速公路某桥涵的工程实例介绍了用碳纤维加固旧桥的方案、施工工艺和质量控制的措施。     

CIRCULATORY AND RESPIRATORY EFFECTS OF INTRAPERITONEAL INSUFFLATION WITH CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE LAPAROSCOPIC OPERATION PATIENT

ＣＩＲＣＵＬＡＴＯＲＹＡＮＤＲＥＳＰＩＲＡＴＯＲＹＥＦＦＥＣＴＳＯＦＩＮＴＲＡＰＥＲＩＴＯＮＥＡＬＩＮＳＵＦＦＬＡＴＩＯＮＷＩＴＨＣＡＲＢＯＮＤＩＯＸＩＤＥＩＮＴＨＥＬＡＰＡＲＯＳＣＯＰＩＣＯＰＥＲＡＴＩＯＮＰＡＴＩＥＮＴＳＬｕｏＪｉａｎ（罗健）；Ｓ...     

从低碳经济角度评价公路交通的几点认知

随着经济的飞速发展,环境问题日益严重。低碳经济是一种新的经济发展模式,主要致力于减少温室气体的排放,并已成为新的经济发展潮流。基于对可持续发展与低碳经济的简单介绍,对低碳经济角度下的公路交通的认知评价进行了论述,具有一定的意义与价值。     

Evaluating economic and environmental value of liner vessel sharing along the maritime silk road

The Belt and Road initiative is a novel exploration of China towards strategic collaboration with Eurasia countries to an extent of a larger scale with higher and deeper level of cooperation. To meet the growing global demand of transportation, increasing numbers of liner shipping companies collaborate and form alliances to share vessel capacity and reduce capital costs. Effective liner shipping vessel sharing is essential for the Belt and Road initiative in terms of building efficient maritime transport networks. In promoting environmental development, shipping companies are required to attain higher environmental standards. However, limited literature relates vessel sharing to environmental performance. This paper studies the impacts of liner vessel sharing from the economic and environmental perspectives. Two container allocation models are developed for the two scenarios: with and without vessel sharing. The carbon emissions in transportation are calculated under both scenarios. Numerical studies are carried out using services along the China-Indochina Peninsula Economic (CIPE) Corridor. Liner shipping companies could benefit from vessel sharing in terms of significant profit improvement. Vessel sharing could also benefit the environment by reducing the CO₂ emissions dramatically.     

Carbon and energy footprints of electric delivery trucks: A hybrid multi-regional input-output life cycle assessment

Due to frequent stop-and-go operation and long idling periods when driving in congested urban areas, the electrification of commercial delivery trucks has become an interesting topic nationwide. In this study, environmental impacts of various alternative delivery trucks including battery electric, diesel, diesel-electric hybrid, and compressed natural gas trucks are analyzed. A novel life cycle assessment method, an environmentally-extended multi-region input-output analysis, is utilized to calculate energy and carbon footprints throughout the supply chain of alternative delivery trucks. The uncertainties due to fuel consumption or other key parameter variations in real life, data ranges are taken into consideration using a Monte Carlo simulation. Furthermore, variations in regional electricity mix greenhouse gas emission are also considered to present a region-specific assessment for each vehicle type. According to the analysis results, although the battery electric delivery trucks have zero tailpipe emission, electric trucks are not expected to have lower environmental impacts compared to other alternatives. On average, the electric trucks have slightly more greenhouse emissions and energy consumption than those of other trucks. The regional analysis also indicates that the percentage of cleaner power sources in the electricity mix plays an important role in the life cycle greenhouse gas emission impacts of electric trucks.     

汽车涂装车间喷漆室废气治理方案简析

汽车涂装车间常用活性炭和沸石转轮作为喷漆室废气处理方式,活性炭吸附设备处理能力大,性能可靠;沸石转轮处理效率高,吸附效果好。针对这2种常用的处理方案进行具体分析和介绍。重点介绍了2种方案各自不同的应用场景,不同应用特点及处理效率。2种废气处理方案均有实际项目运用,结合实际案例进行计算后,总结出了2种处理方案的优缺点以及适用场景。     

活性炭氧化改性及氯化氰消除的应用研究

本文选用硝酸为氧化剂对活性炭进行了处理,考察了硝酸浓度和处理时间对活性炭表面化学性质的影响,通过傅立叶变换红外光谱、X射线衍射仪对改性活性炭进行了表征,考察了以改性活性炭为载体制备炭催化剂对氯化氰的消除性能。结果表明,硝酸浓度和处理时间是影响活性炭表面化学性质的重要因素,低浓度硝酸氧化改性提高了活性炭的表面亲水性而对活性炭的结构没有明显影响,制备的炭催化剂对氯化氰防护时间明显增长。当硝酸浓度为8%,处理时间5h～8h消除氯化氰效果最好。