Reducing CO2 emissions in temperature-controlled road transportation using the LDVRP model

Temperature-controlled transport is needed to maintain the quality of products such as fresh and frozen foods and pharmaceuticals. Road transportation is responsible for a considerable part of global emissions. Temperature-controlled transportation exhausts even more emissions than ambient temperature transport because of the extra fuel requirements for cooling and because of leakage of refrigerant. The transportation sector is under pressure to improve both its environmental and economic performance. To explore opportunities to reach this goal, the Load-Dependent Vehicle Routing Problem (LDVRP) model has been developed to optimize routing decisions taking into account fuel consumption and emissions related to the load of the vehicle. However, this model does not take refrigeration related emissions into account. We therefore propose an extension of the LDVRP model to optimize routing decisions and to account for refrigeration emissions in temperature-controlled transportation systems. This extended LDVRP model is applied in a case study in the Dutch frozen food industry. We show that taking the emissions caused by refrigeration in road transportation can result in different optimal routes and speeds compared with the LDVRP model and the standard Vehicle Routing Problem model. Moreover, taking the emissions caused by refrigeration into account improves the estimation of emissions related to temperature-controlled transportation. This model can help to reduce emissions of temperature-controlled road transportation.     

递进式连锁经营管理专业实践教学改革研究——基于加盟创业项目视角

连锁经营管理专业人才培养目标大多定位在一线服务员或基层管理者，所培养的学生必须具备较强的连锁专业能力和创业能力，而大多数高职院校培养出来的学生在这些方面所表现出来的能力却差强人意，尤其是创业能力方面。本文提出将加盟创业项目贯穿于连锁经营管理实践教学全过程，按照“仿真训练-校内孵化-校内模拟-市场全真”四个阶段，形成一个递进式的实践教学流程，从而促使学生的专业能力和创业能力实现递进式提升。     

Critical success factors of supply chain integration in container shipping: an application of resource-based view theory

ABSTRACT

The container shipping industry is receiving growing attention in driving the performance of global supply chains. This phenomenon has accelerated supply chain integration (SCI) within the industry. Although SCI could offer numerous benefits, it is often quoted to be implemented easier in theory than in practice. The high failure rate that is associated with SCI is often not addressed in the literature. Grounded on resource-based view (RBV) theory, this paper is aimed at identifying the critical success factors (CSFs) and examining their influence on SCI and supply chain performance (SCP). Survey questionnaires were administered on 164 container shipping firms. The constructs were validated empirically using confirmatory factor analysis and were subsequently analysed using structural equation modelling. The proposed CSFs in this study are found to be positively corelated with SCI, which, in turn, is positively correlated with SCP. This paper has contributed to both theory and practice by applying RBV theory to identify the key resources and capabilities that are necessary for SCI in the container shipping industry.     

汽车行业供应链中成员协作信任与冲突研究

我国汽车行业正处于创建自主品牌,从传统的供应链向电子化、信息化、同步化转型 过程中,信任与冲突是汽车供应链协同整合的关键因素.针对汽车行业供应链特性及发展趋 势,构建了基于契约信任、知识信任、信誉信任的跨组织信任协调机制,并构建了汽车行业 供应链成员协作信任机制与关系、流程、任务3种冲突的关系模型,研究了不同协作类型供 应链的信任与冲突,指出信息与知识共享是我国汽车行业供应链转型建立信任、解决冲突的 必要措施.     

移动荷载下路面结构应力响应分析

实际中汽车总是以一定的速度行驶在路面上,首先将汽车荷载简化为移动的均布荷载,借助大型有限元软件ABAQUS,利用三维动力有限元方法,分析了移动荷载下车辆正常行驶状态、慢速行驶及刹车情况时路面结构内部应力响应规律。分析结果表明,较低的速度将会使路面结构内部产生更大的应力,各应力分量与速度变化基本呈线性关系;刹车过程中在路表面产生的水平荷载对路表面层附近的水平剪应力影响相当大,在刹车较频繁区域,提高面层及其层间接触面的抗剪强度,可减少或防止推挤、拥包等病害的出现。分析结果可为路面结构设计和路面施工提供理论参考。     

整车试制阶段的电器故障诊断方法

以整车装车与跑车验证案例为背景，讨论汽车开发过程中汽车电器故障诊断的方法，阐述如何应用零部件置换原则来分析故障的重要性等级（significance）。     

提升我国物流业竞争力的基本要素与条件

以波特的国家竞争优势理论为框架,概括了物流业提升竞争力的基本要素和条件,包括,生产要素、市场需求、相关支持产业和企业自身的能力;阐述了市场经济制度环境条件,以及企业把握市场机会,依据核心竞争力和资源配置优势制定可持续的竞争战略的重要性。分析了国内物流服务市场的发展环境和趋势,以及世界制造中心向国内转移,给物流业发展所带来的机遇。     

非一致地震激励下大跨度斜拉桥空间响应分析

基于二维相干非一致激励功率谱模型，采用随机过程理论关于幅值、相位与功率谱的关系式，根据场地地震危险性评价和设计地震动参数合成人工地震波，考虑波动传播效应和多点激励效应，分析了某座跨长江的大跨度斜拉桥在地震激励下的空间非线性响应特性，计算了桥梁结构关键部位在地震力作用下的响应特性，并与一致激励下对应响应量进行比较。认为非一致激励下大跨斜拉桥关键部位的某些响应粱大幅增加。反应了进行非一致响应分析的必要性。     

皮带运输机的PLC控制

章介绍了南京化工集团公司硝铵皮带机程控系统，介绍了可编程控制器（PLC）在皮带运输机中的应用，并给出了皮带机程控系统的设计方法。     

汽车电子技术的现状与展望

简述汽车电子技术应用的分类，总结其特点与要求，并概述我国汽车电子产业的现状．展望汽车电子技术的发展趋势。