隧道管棚超前支护施工技术

根据西直沟1#隧道实际工程特点,选取管棚超前支护技术。依据管棚支护的主要机理以及地形地质和荷载情况,采用扇形管棚布置。根据埋深较大时的简化泰沙基公式计算围岩最大压力,并选取管棚参数,对本隧道的施工提供了理论依据,为以后黄土隧道的施工积累了工程实际经验。     

无坎宽顶堰流量系数的计算及讨论

通过采用二元非线性回归分析方法对多个数学模型进行分析,结合实测资料,得到了水利工程中无坎宽顶堰流量系数的经验公式,克服了查表法中需要通过多步直线内插带来的不便,更适合在水力计算中应用。     

公交通行能力约束的智能调度优化模型

公交通行能力是解决城市交通拥堵问题、促进城市公共交通系统高效运行的要素之一。介绍了公交通行能力的计算要素,并针对目前我国城市由于盲目调度造成的公交系统运营效率、服务水平下降的问题,提出将公交通行能力作为约束条件对公交调度进行优化。鉴于公交企业制订调度方案时需兼顾公交服务水平和企业效益,将智能调度的目标确定为候车时间满意度、候车空间满意度、车内舒适满意度和企业满意度加权平均值最大,并给出了相应的计算方法。最后讨论了利用遗传算法对模型进行求解的过程。     

Flow Stress Model of Stainless Steel OCr13Ni5Mo at Elevated Temperature

For a more accurate forming calculation and numerical simulation of hydraulic turbine blade,experimental studies on the flow stress of stainless steel OCr13Ni5Mo were carried out upon Gleeble-1500 thermal simulator under different deformation conditions.The results then were analyzed and the effects of all influencing factors were summarized consequently.New mathematic models were conceived.Utilizing the software Matlab,regression coefficients were calculated by the least square method.The model has an eminent capability of curve-fitting performance with impact structure whose correlation coefficient is up to 0.908 0 and the cosine coefficient is 0.995 8.All mathematic models and process parameters can be used in engineering calculations or computer simulations.     

平交路口远引掉头设置方法分析

平交路口远引是解决路口流向禁限后车流转向问题的有效方法。通过对掉头地点的选址规划以及交叉口之间的协调控制进行研究,提出最佳掉头位置应满足的条件以及交叉口协调控制的相位差计算方法。通过对掉头通道通行能力的分析,提出实施掉头信号控制条件和具体实施方法。     

基于路网容量的商圈停车需求预测研究

分析商圈停车、交通拥堵与商圈持续繁荣的关系,商圈停车需求预测对商圈的可持续发展起着重要作用。为合理预见与科学估算商圈停车需求,结合路网容量、区位关系提出基于路网容量的停车需求预测模型。该模型一方面能平衡区域停车供需,缓解静态设施供需矛盾;另一方面能保证停车需求与路网容量相匹配,对动态交通起到必要的控制作用,缓解商圈周边路网的交通拥堵。最后,通过实例分析证明该模型的可行性。     

甘泉铁路区间通过能力研究

阐述甘泉铁路车站分布和运量发展情况及货运量增加后区间通过能力不足的问题,介绍甘泉铁路行车组织和区间通过能力计算方法,计算各区间的通过能力,结合近期货物运量500万t、700万t、1000万t三种情况,计算需求通过能力,并给出提高通过能力的具体方案,为下一步货运量的增加做准备。     

主应力轴旋转下中主应力系数对软黏土性状的影响

采用空心圆柱仪对上海原状软黏土进行了不排水剪切试验,研究了主应力轴旋转条件下中主应力系数对饱和软黏土变形与强度特性的影响。采用等压固结模式对软黏土空心薄壁试样进行固结,并在3种不同主应力轴旋转角度下,对试样进行不同中主应力系数的不排水剪切试验。试验前提为剪切过程中平均应力、中主应力系数与主应力轴旋转角度均保持不变,而偏应力逐渐增大,直至试样破坏。试验结果表明:在不同中主应力系数下,天然软黏土的变形与强度特征存在明显的差异,在3种主应力轴旋转角度下,随着中主应力系数的增加,临界应力比均呈降低趋势,相应的峰值剪切强度减小;在主应力轴旋转角度为0°时,中主应力系数为0.25和0.50的试样均出现了轻微的应变局部化现象,剪应力在达到峰值后呈逐渐降低的趋势;在主应力轴旋转角度为90°时,中主应力系数为0.50和0.75的试样所对应的状态为内外压不等的非轴对称拉伸状态,二者的峰值剪切强度比较接近,而中主应力系数为1.00的试样对应的为内外压相等的轴对称拉伸状态,其峰值剪切强度相比前二者降低了25%;在内外压相等的加载条件下,主应力轴旋转角度由0°增加为90°的同时,中主应力系数由0增加为1.00,试样破坏时对应的临界应力比与不排水剪切强度均逐渐降低。     

16V265H油机喷孔结构对内部流场的影响

针对16V265H柴油机喷油器,以三维CFD软件FIRE为平台,对喷孔内部空化流动进行了数值模拟.结果发现空化现象十分明显,特别是超空化流动在整个喷油过程中高达90%.另外,从空化分布、速度分布以及流量系数这三个角度分析了入口圆角半径、喷孔夹角以及喷孔长度等几何结构对喷孔内部流动情况的影响.     

Capacity Development for Integrated Coastal Zone Management in Egypt

Since 1990 there has been a considerable increase in the number of developing countries undertaking Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) schemes at both the local and national levels. Unfortunately many of these ICZM schemes have failed to be implementated due to difficulties such as information and communication gaps and restricted technical and financial capacity. Common problems experienced across all developing countries. As a case in point, it is argued that developing countries suffer from capabilities at the local institutional level. Similarly, it is advocated that Mediterranean developing countries have not fully implemented ICZM as a result of lack of stakeholder capacity. Egypt provides a case study of this argument. Since the mid-1990s several attempts have been made to promote ICZM in Egypt, however none have achieved their goal of having an ICZM plan become operational. This paper reviews ICZM processes in Egypt focussing on the capacity of all instituions and key stakeholders to plan and implement ICZM based on interviews with key ICZM key stakeholders as well as documentary analysis and participant observation in ICZM meetings. It seeks through a critical evaluation to provide practical recommendations that serve to enhance the implementation of ICZM in Egypt and other developing countries.