山区公路边坡坡顶截水沟的设计与分析

坡顶截水沟设计不合理对公路边坡的稳定性影响较大,是引发公路边坡灾害的一个重要原因。通过对陕西山区公路边坡坡顶截水沟的调查、分析和研究,归纳总结坡顶截水沟的设置条件、设置位置、断面型式以及水文水力计算方法．并。针对目前截水沟修建材料的缺陷提出相应的改善措施,可为山区公路边坡坡顶截水沟的设计提供参考。     

Development of low-CO2-emission vehicles and utilization of local renewable energy for the vitalization of rural areas in Japan

Most of Japan's energy supply depends on imports from foreign countries, making the independence ratio of energy in Japan very low. The Fukushima nuclear power plant accident triggered by the Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami led to a mass shutdown of all the nuclear plants in Japan, a stoppage that is still in effect. In this paper, we review the energy supply situation and some social problems faced by rural areas in Japan. Given that lifestyles in rural Japan are reliant on automobiles, there is significant demand for the establishment of a sustainable mobility society. Furthermore, Japan is now entering an aging society ahead of other countries. In order to enhance the vitalization of rural areas and accelerate the establishment of sustainable society, our project developed low-CO₂-emission vehicles (i.e., a single-driver EV [micro-EV] and a low-speed E-bus) for elderly people and tourists through the cooperation of regional industries, a local university, and a city office. This paper also reports some trial test results on renewable energy utilization as the driving energy supply for these low-emission vehicles.     

LNG外输管道近海地区敷设方法研究

唐山LNG外输管道约36km管道敷设于近海中,海水深度约1m,该段管道的建设,在管道敷设方面采取了增加壁厚、加大埋深、设置配重块和盖板等方法;在管道防腐方面采取了增加防腐层厚度、改变防腐补口形式、采用智能测试桩等方法。通过采取上述方法,显著提高了管道的安全性且解决了该地区管道巡线难的问题,取得了较好的效果。     

农村基础设施投资对农村经济增长作用的实证分析

农村基础设施投资是促进我国农村经济增长的重要推动力量,因此在农村经济建设方面,农村基础设施的建设有着举足轻重的地位。长期以来,我国农村基础设施建设相对来说比较落后,完善我国农村基础设施建设成为当前改善农村经济方面的一项重要举措。本文从农村基础设施建设对我国农村经济的影响入手,通过对农村基础设施建设各要素投入与经济产出的回归分析,得出农村基础设施投资对农村经济的增长具有很大影响,并提出相应对策与建议。     

干旱区公路路面雨水收集利用模式

目前我国干旱区公路路面雨水还未得到有效利用,通过分析路面雨水收集的可行性,提出雨水收集利用的三种模式,以为今后的路面雨水利用设计提供参考。     

不规则交叉口无信号渠化设计

随着我国经济水平不断提高,城市人口和汽车数量与日俱增,使城市交通面临日渐繁重的压力,特别是一些不规则的交叉口成了城市交通的瓶颈,形成了新的堵点,给城市的发展造成了严重影响.鉴于此,以南方某市的一个异型交叉口为例,通过交通调查、现状分析,探讨基于创新和以人为本的思路进行渠化设计改造,从而为不规则交叉口优化设计提供借鉴.     

郊区自驾游旅游交通指引标志设置研究

当前旅游交通指引标志设置中存在缺乏区域系统考虑、设置分散、旅游信息过于集中等问题,导致自驾游出行者难以及时、准确、连续地获得指引信息。针对这一问题,从郊区自驾游出行者的需求出发,构建区域入口、区域内部、景区附近的旅游交通三级指引系统。重点探讨二级指引标志的设计原则与方法,提出在景区重要度分类和道路节点重要度分级的基础上,确定各景区指引范围和各道路节点指引容量,对旅游交通指引标志进行选址。最后以河北省平山县为例,对提出的旅游交通指引标志设置方法进行实证研究。     

主、副隔舱式大圆筒人工岛围堰的稳定性分析

对于建设在软土地基上的跨海桥隧人工岛,采用主、副隔舱式大圆筒围堰是一个非常适合的结构方案,因尚无规范可循,其稳定性亟待研究。结合某工程,通过三维弹塑性有限元计算得出：施工期在围堰内、外侧土压力和水压力差的共同作用下,大圆筒结构的稳定性安全系数最小。当增加大圆筒结构的入土深度并且筒底下沉至持力层时,结构稳定性大幅提高。施工期在波浪荷载作用下,主、副隔舱式大圆筒围堰结构的变位模式主要为绕筒底以上靠近筒底处的某点发生转动变位。施工期大圆筒围堰在内、外侧土压力和水压力差的共同作用下,结构的变位模式主要为平动,并伴随一定的转动,转动点位于大圆筒筒底以下。并且当大圆筒入土深度增加后,结构的转动运动模式更加明显。极限状态时,筒壁与海侧土体间发生了分离现象,并且大圆筒入土深度浅时筒土分离的区域比较大。该研究成果可为类似结构的设计和应用提供参考。     

铁路物流中心功能区布局方法分析

为有效地解决铁路物流中心功能区的布局问题,在对布局规划理论与实践研究分析的基础上,将系统布置规划（SLP）方法用数学方法加以改进,建立以物流中心内各功能区间的综合相互关系函数,此函数是以最大和总成本最优为目标的函数。在一定的约束条件下,运用遗传算法求解。最后,将此方法进行实例验证,得到相对优化的布局方案,具有一定的参考意义。     

Predicting Stakeholder Support for Fishery Policies

Fisheries management has been used to address declining fisheries and threats to livelihood and food security. Past research suggests that public support for fishery policies is a necessary component for sustaining the long-term success of fisheries management. This study predicted public support by examining fishers’ perspectives on co-management and fish catch since the establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs), a commonly employed fisheries management tool. Data were obtained from onsite surveys (n = 505) with fishers from three municipalities in Cebu, Philippines: Oslob, Santander, and Samboan. Structural path analyses revealed that beliefs about co-management and fish catch predicted support for fishery policies (R² = 59%). Separate path analyses for each municipality showed that co-management had greater influence in predicting public support for fishery policies in Oslob and Santander. Fish catch was a better predictor for public support for fishery policies in Samboan. Results can help local governments, non-governmental organizations, and fishery managers to prioritize, plan, and improve fisheries management in municipal waters.