珠三角地区航道水深和码头水域水深的探讨

根据我国港口航道技术规范,珠三角地区的航道水深、码头泊位水深不能满足公布的通航船舶要求,建议加大水深尺度、强调通航水深,对于利用高潮位靠泊的码头,要进行技术论证,采取相应措施．     

超级电容渡船——城市内河交通新构想

提出了一种将超级电容与渡船相结合的构想,通过对超级电容的特性和渡船航行特点的介绍,诠释了超级电容渡船的内涵,并在这个基础上对其可行性及实用性进行了分析,具有一定的参考价值。     

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海上运输关键节点安全评价研究是保障我国海上运输通道安全的重要环节,为科学全面评价我国海上运输关键节点的安全状况,本文建立评价指标体系,引入投影寻踪方法构建安全评价模型,通过遗传算法求解,对关键节点的安全状况进行评价,并挖掘相关海峡的主要安全威胁。评价结果表明,涉及我国重要物资如石油、集装箱运输的霍尔木兹海峡、马六甲海峡、曼德海峡及苏伊士运河的安全水平相对较低,而且印尼地区的龙目海峡、巽他海峡及望加锡海峡的安全状况也相对较差。评价结果为我国制定保障海上运输安全措施及做出相关管理决策提供科学依据,对提高我国海上运输安全性与可靠性具有重要意义。     

美国水道港口疏浚物的处理管理与利用

为维护发达的水运系统,美国每年从水道港口水域中疏浚2.0亿m3左右的沉积物,由此引发的巨量疏浚物处置问题并不亚于我国。从疏浚物的处理现状出发,总结美国在疏浚物管理机制和处理技术等方面的主要进展,分析疏浚物的有益利用及其工程案例。调查表明,美国疏浚物管理体系权责清晰,美国陆军工程兵团(USACE)和环境保护署(USEPA)在疏浚物处置管理过程中扮演了重要角色,疏浚物多数以栖息地营造、湿地修复、海滩养护、农业和水产养殖等多种方式得到有益利用。我国目前正处在疏浚土有益利用的研究和探索阶段,美国疏浚物处置管理的成功经验值得借鉴。     

沙枕抛投在荆江航道整治中的应用

沙枕袋可以有效防止水流冲刷河床底部,是稳定河床及岸坡、防止冲刷的主要加固措施。结合长江中游荆江段航道整治工程施工,介绍了抛沙枕进行护底补坡的施工工艺流程、施工要点,重点介绍沙枕袋在长江水流影响下的抛投质量控制措施及实施效果。     

内河钢构件防腐现状及存在问题分析

从内河防腐环境特点出发,现场调研实际内河港口防腐涂层破坏问题,结合目前港口钢构件防腐涂层性质、工作环境及破坏特点,系统分析并指出：目前内河钢结构防腐涂层失效问题主要受控于大气和水环境污染以及大流速含沙水流对防腐涂层的磨蚀,且以磨蚀破坏为主,并有针对性地提出了进一步研究的思路。     

Developing a Spatially Enabled Inventory of Recreational Boats Using Vessel Registration Data

Effective waterway management requires information on the characteristics and locations of boats. A field-based boat census—a traditional method to obtain spatially accurate information—is relatively expensive, time-consuming, and restrictive in scope. Vessel registration data, maintained by all U.S. states, is potentially a more robust information source. This research evaluated the accuracy and reliability of vessel registration data to supply location and attribute information for boats. The study premise was to use vessel registration data, which includes the mailing address of registered boat owners, to develop a spatially enabled inventory of boats. The study area comprised 12,064 salt-water accessible property parcels in two Florida counties. An on-water census (OWC) provided location and characteristics for 5,023 vessels, which were compared to 8,681 vessel registration records linked to the study area. Discrepancies between the OWC and vessel registration data were explained by a stratified, random sample of 485 telephone survey respondents. Study results show that vessel registration data accurately located and characterized roughly 81% of the boat population; in contrast, the OWC accurately located less than 56%. A conclusion is that state vessel registration data is a better alternative than an OWC for locating and characterizing boats kept along waterways.     

厦漳大桥北汊主桥通航孔通航能力分析

厦漳大桥北汊主桥通航孔的通航能力与其上游及桥区附近的码头建设规模密切相关.以调研数据为基础,分析北汊主桥通航孔的特点及碍航性,提出通航净空高度是制约其通航能力的主要因素,通过实船数据的统计分析,论证北汊主桥通航孔的通航能力.其结论对该桥区通航安全管理及桥区上游和附近码头建设规模的确定具有参考价值.     

Estimating economic and resilience consequences of potential navigation infrastructure failures: A case study of the Monongahela River

The paper examines the potential effects of failure of heavily used, outdated locks and dams on the Monongahela River in southwestern Pennsylvania. Catastrophic failure would result in lengthy outage of barge traffic. The displaced volume of coal shipments from mines to power plants is estimated using Energy Information Administration survey data. The resilience of the impacted facilities, the viability of their shipping alternatives, and their ability to re-organize into new markets is assessed. Lost revenues are estimated for facilities that close due to an inability to adapt, as well as the replacement cost of towboats and barges trapped by a catastrophic and sudden failure. The aggregate costs to these facilities as a result of a year-long closure are estimated at $0.56-1.7 billion.