产业转移背景下西部综合运输系统发展对策

本文简要分析了当前西部地区承接东部地区产业的特点,结合西部地区社会、经济实际情况分析了当前西部综合运输系统发展现状,主要为基础设施建设缓慢、总体上发展滞后、能耗高及污染严重,不具有可持续性等;并阐述了产业区域转移背景下西部综合运输系统发展面临的新挑战,包括加剧了西部综合运输系统运能与运量矛盾,加重了西部综合运输系统发展的资源和环境压力,并对西部综合运输系统的协调发展能力提出了更高的要求;最后就西部综合运输系统未来的发展提出建议,即西部综合运输系统的发展要以美丽中国和生态文明理念为指导,考虑产业转移诱发的运量需求增加,并把产业转移引起的资源环境约束纳入西部综合运输系统整体发展战略中,最终实现西部综合运输系统持续、快速发展。     

新型液化天然气船液货围护系统传热模型及蒸发率计算

分析了一艘170000m3新型液化天然气船的船体结构,通过合理和必要的简化,建立了液货围护系统的传热模型。分别使用解析方法和ANSYS Fluent软件数值模拟方法计算了在不同绝热层厚度条件下的液货舱漏热量,得到不同条件下液货围护系统的温度场分布情况以及液货蒸发率。得出以下结论:综合考虑两种计算方法的计算结果,为了满足在不同工况下航行时液货的日蒸发率不能超过0.1%的要求,绝热层的设计厚度应不小于450mm。     

浅析西门子BDPC系统在CTV上的 可行性

本文主要目的是分析西门子Blue Drive Plus C（随后简称BDPC）系统及其配置是否能够应用在深水动力定位原油输送船（随后称CTV）上。通过供需关系对比法,首先实现CTV实现海上自由航行、跟随定位、连接FPSO与～30万吨油轮之间浮管、加油跟随定位、紧急脱离、绿色环保运行等工况下的正常与应急储备动力需求,随后分析西门子BDPC直流系统及其运用技术,针对本项目提供的特殊配置,与CTV提出需求进行对比,结论是BDPC依靠它的直流发电、配电、逆变、储能等技术,可以满足CTV的配置需求,论证了BDPC系统运用在性能优越的深水原油输送装置CTV是可行的。     

高速艇水翼减阻方案及翼滑艇阻力估算方法

文章介绍了高速艇上水翼减阻的原理以及三种不同类型的高速艇上加装水翼的技术方案及其达到的减阻效果,并给出了滑行艇首部加装水翼（即翼滑艇）后整船阻力的估算方法。基于三维非线性涡格法,建立了单独水翼/水翼组合体/多水翼系统的水动力性能理论计算方法,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好,可作为翼滑艇阻力估算中单独水翼水动力性能的计算方法。算例结果表明,文中的方法可用于单独水翼/水翼组合体/多水翼系统和滑行艇加装减阻水翼的初步技术方案设计。     

Developing a Spatially Enabled Inventory of Recreational Boats Using Vessel Registration Data

Effective waterway management requires information on the characteristics and locations of boats. A field-based boat census—a traditional method to obtain spatially accurate information—is relatively expensive, time-consuming, and restrictive in scope. Vessel registration data, maintained by all U.S. states, is potentially a more robust information source. This research evaluated the accuracy and reliability of vessel registration data to supply location and attribute information for boats. The study premise was to use vessel registration data, which includes the mailing address of registered boat owners, to develop a spatially enabled inventory of boats. The study area comprised 12,064 salt-water accessible property parcels in two Florida counties. An on-water census (OWC) provided location and characteristics for 5,023 vessels, which were compared to 8,681 vessel registration records linked to the study area. Discrepancies between the OWC and vessel registration data were explained by a stratified, random sample of 485 telephone survey respondents. Study results show that vessel registration data accurately located and characterized roughly 81% of the boat population; in contrast, the OWC accurately located less than 56%. A conclusion is that state vessel registration data is a better alternative than an OWC for locating and characterizing boats kept along waterways.     

TRIP DISTRIBUTION MODELLING USING FUZZY LOGIC AND A GENETIC ALGORITHM

This article examines possibilities for the application of soft computing techniques for the prediction of travel demand. The model, based on fuzzy logic and a genetic algorithm, successfully solves the trip distribution problem. The possibilities of using the proposed model in solving trip generation, modal split and route choice problems have also been indicated. The model has been tested on a real numerical example. Exceptionally good correspondences between estimated and real values of passenger flows have been obtained.     

公路建设的资金运作模式

公路建设的投融资正在向多渠道发展.在介绍我国公路建设现状的基础上,阐述公路建设资金的主要来源方式,探讨当前投融资体制下公路建设面临的主要问题,指出要建立合理有效的公路市场融资机制,政府还要进一步考虑如何更好地把非公有资本导入公路建设领域.     

A hybrid optimization-simulation approach for robust weekly aircraft routing and retiming

We address the robust weekly aircraft routing and retiming problem, which requires determining weekly schedules for a heterogeneous fleet that maximizes the aircraft on-time performance, minimizes the total delay, and minimizes the number of delayed passengers. The fleet is required to serve a set of flights having known departure time windows while satisfying maintenance constraints. All flights are subject to random delays that may propagate through the network. We propose to solve this problem using a hybrid optimization-simulation approach based on a novel mixed-integer nonlinear programming model for the robust weekly aircraft maintenance routing problem. For this model, we provide an equivalent mixed-integer linear programming formulation that can be solved using a commercial solver. Furthermore, we describe a Monte-Carlo-based procedure for sequentially adjusting the flight departure times. We perform an extensive computational study using instances obtained from a major international airline, having up to 3387 flights and 164 aircraft, which demonstrates the efficacy of the proposed approach. Using the simulation software SimAir to assess the robustness of the solutions produced by our approach in comparison with that for the original solutions implemented by the airline, we found that on-time performance was improved by 9.8–16.0%, cumulative delay was reduced by 25.4–33.1%, and the number of delayed passengers was reduced by 8.2–51.6%.     

试论大学英语课堂活动的有效策划

随着教学改革的不断深入,英语教师越来越重视活动在课堂中的运用。本文首先分析了大学英语课堂活动中存在的问题,再从五个方面提出了策划课堂活动时提高活动有效性的原则及改进方法,这五个方面分别是:明确活动的目标性、加强活动实用性、确保活动的可行性、把握活动的可控性、提高活动的参与性。     

带型城市空间形态界定及其干线道路特征

特殊的空间形态、稀缺的贯通性轴向道路资源以及高度混合的内外交通导致带型城市面临独特的交通问题。从城市空间形态角度出发,采用聚类分析法分析中国657个设市城市,据此界定带型城市为建成区长宽比大于3的城市。并对带型城市(组团)的交通需求、路网布局、道路级配进行梳理,发现带型城市贯穿性长轴干线道路的数量、等级、分布对带型城市规模、形态以及交通组织具有重要作用,是带型城市路网规划的核心。最后,提出带型城市常用的三轴干线路网布局模式及相应的道路等级,可作为带型城市路网规划的参考依据。