涡旋澄清池沉淀区结构参数的固液两相流数值模拟

基于Fluent软件结合标准k-ε两方程湍流模型与简化的双流体Mixture模型对涡旋澄清池沉淀区进行三维数值模拟,通过验证表明该模型能够很好地模拟池中水流流场以及污泥的分布情况。在入口流量及悬浮物浓度不变时利用该模型对不同挡板长度、斜板间距与倾角进行了模拟研究,进而选择最优结构参数,以期增强沉淀效果、提高去除率。根据数值模拟结果,同时综合实际情况,得出涡旋澄清池沉淀区最优结构参数:挡板长300 mm,斜板倾角50°,斜板间距55 mm。     

Comparative measurements on the flow structure of a marine propeller wake between an open free surface and closed surface flows

In order to investigate the effects of a free surface on the wake behind a rotating propeller, experiments were carried out in a circulating water channel for two cases: one with an open free surface and one with a closed free surface covered by a rigid plate. Four hundred instantaneous velocity fields were measured using a two-frame particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique at four different blade phases. These were ensemble-averaged to investigate the time-averaged flow structure in the near-wake region. For a surface ship, the flow behind the propeller is influenced by the hull wake and the free surface. The phase-averaged mean velocity fields show the potential wake and the viscous wake formed by the boundary layers developed on the blade surfaces. The interaction between the bilge vortices and the incoming flow along the ship’s hull deforms the wake structure. Tip vortices are generated periodically, and the slipstream contraction occurs in the near-wake region. The free surface was found to affect the axial velocity component and vortex structure behind the propeller. As the flow goes downstream, the tip and trailing vortices dissipate due to turbulent diffusion and active mixing with adjacent vortices.     

平台运动对张力腿非线性涡激振动的影响

把张力腿简化成线性的欧拉-伯努力梁模型，研究了在波浪海流及浮体共同作用下，张力腿的横向非线性涡激振动，采用Galerkin法把非线性的偏微分方程转化为常微分方程，应用4阶龙格-库塔法进行数值求解。结果表明，平台的运动是影响张力腿横向涡激振动的一个重要因素。     

全方向推进器非定常水动力性能的面元预报方法

研究了全方向推进器非定常水动力性能的面元预报方法,基于螺旋桨面元法建立了全方向推进器的非定常水动力性能计算的数学模型,对全方向推进器的非定常水动力性能进行了数值预报。采用了关于扰动速度势的基本积分微分方程,并采用双曲面元以消除面元间的缝隙。用Newton-Raphson迭代过程在桨叶随边满足压力Kutta条件。在计算面元的影响系数时,应用Morino导出的解析计算公式加快了数值计算的速度。为避免数值求导中的奇异性,用Yanagizawa方法求得物体表面上的速度分布。本文计算结果与日本水池模型试验结果、升力线方法计算结果及升力面方法计算结果进行了对比。     

螺旋桨梢涡及梢涡空泡数值模拟

以PPTC(Potsdam Propeller Test Case)桨为研究对象,探索了螺旋桨梢涡及梢涡空泡的数值模拟方法。通过梢涡区域的划分及网格加密,对螺旋桨无空化流场进行了数值模拟,成功捕获了梢涡;然后基于均质混合流模型和Zwart-Gerber-Belamri空化模型对空化流场进行了数值模拟;并将计算结果与试验数据进行了广泛的比较和分析,以校验计算网格和计算方法。研究表明:无论片空泡还是梢涡空泡的计算结果均与试验观测吻合良好;同时,所得螺旋桨推力和扭矩系数也与试验值符合良好;有效地实现了梢涡捕捉及梢涡空泡模拟。同时指出,水中含气率对推力和扭矩系数的影响大于空泡形态。     

Fatigue damage analysis of the deepwater riser from VIV using pseudo-excitation method

The fatigue damage of a long deepwater riser undergoing in-line and cross-flow vortex-induced vibration (VIV) in deepwater is numerically studied using pseudo-excitation method (PEM) in present paper. For evaluating the fluid–structure interaction problem of vortex-induced vibration of deepwater riser at high Reynolds number, the strip theory is employed in this paper, and the discrete vortex method (DVM) is used to calculate the VIV of each strip to obtain the load spectrum as the pseudo-excitation, while the finite volume method (FVM) is employed to evaluate the structure dynamics of a deepwater riser. The VIV is considered as a stationary random process. The response of riser to vortex induced excitation is calculated using pseudo-excitation method. The DVM model and pseudo-excitation method are both validated by comparing their numerical results with experiments. The fatigue damage of one deepwater riser is evaluated based on the Palmgren–Miner Rule.     

桨舵干扰系统非定常水动力性能预估

基于对桨舵干扰的系统研究，本文提供了一个桨舵非定常干扰问题的理论计算方法，桨采用非定常涡格法，舵采用基于速度势的非定常面元法。在时域范围内通过迭代计算考虑螺旋桨和舵的相互影响。文中提供了一些算例考核，通过与实验结果对比，证明本文提供的方法是可靠的，可供实际应用。     

空化模型在非定常空化流动计算的应用评价与分析

文章基于试验观测数据评价了Kubota与Singhal两种空化模型在非定常云状空化流动数值模拟中的应用。采用商业软件的二次开发技术将两种空化模型引入了计算软件,针对绕Clark-Y水翼的云状空化流动进行数值计算,并与水洞试验结果进行了对比。结果表明,两种空化模型计算的云状空化阶段的流场时均速度分布以及涡量分布具有明显的不同。采用Singhal空化模型可以得到和试验观测更加相近的空化旋涡区与空泡云的旋涡分离的脱落形式。     

时间步长对低质量比圆柱涡激振动数值结果的影响

从圆柱涡激振动数值模拟结果的精度及可信度的角度出发,应用弱耦合算法分析时间步长选取对弹簧支撑低质量比圆柱涡激振动响应结果的影响.计算选取自激振动幅值分支的三个代表性流速,比较不同时间步长下响应结果.比较分析表明:在幅值响应的初始分支和下端分支段,存在最优的时间步长,使得计算效率最高,最接近实验现象;而在幅值响应的上端分支,数值结果要低于实验值,且相位角对求解时间步长非常敏感.     

螺旋桨旋涡发放数值模拟

基于LS-DYNA软件和任意拉格朗日—欧拉(ALE)方法,建立螺旋桨与流体相互作用的有限元模型,数值计算螺旋桨固定桨叶在前方来流下的流体动力特性和结构力学性能,分析总结桨叶后方旋涡运动和桨叶内部应力变化的规律。结果表明,螺旋桨桨叶的不规则形状导致了桨叶后方旋涡的相互作用,桨叶单元所在位置的厚度以及该位置与约束位置的距离决定了单元应力的大小。数值模拟得出的结论对研究螺旋桨"唱音"现象有一定的参考价值。