PA6-280柴油机的变工况多目标配气正时优化计算

建立了柴油机废气涡轮前的燃气能量和燃油消耗率的综合评价函数，采用多目标优化的方法，对PA6-280柴油机的进排气正时进行了优化计算，分析了配气正时的调控对柴油机性能的影响。     

轮轨结构参数对列车运动稳定性的影响

基于车辆—轨道耦合动力学理论,运用动力学仿真软件TTISIM,系统地分析和探讨了机车车辆的抗蛇行减振器,一系悬挂刚度,转向架轴距,车轮踏面锥度对临界速度的影响,以及轨距,钢轨小反,轨底坡,扣件刚度和阻尼等参数对列车稳定性的影响。指出在计算机车车辆的临界速度时,不仅要考虑整车的结构参数和模型,还应把轨道模型和结构参数纳入整个模型和分析过程。这对铁路机车车辆结构参数优化设计,提高或改善机车车辆运动稳定性,及既有线提速改造和高(快)速铁路修建等工程问题均具有实际意义。     

Parametric study of the main parameters influencing the catalytic efficiency of a diesel oxidation catalyst: Parameters influencing the efficiency of a diesel catalyst

This work studies the impact of five parameters: CO and HC engine-out emissions, space velocity, average value and profile of exhaust temperature, on Diesel CO and HC tail-pipe emissions. The first part of this work is conducted on a reactor and shows that both HC and CO light-off temperature increases with CO and HC input concentration. CO and HC initial concentration influence the adsorption/desorption capacities of HC only at high temperatures. Space velocity also influences CO and HC conversion efficiency. The second part of this work studies the impact of different combinations of HC and CO engine-out emissions on CO and HC conversion and tail-pipe emissions in the case of New European Driving Cycle. This part proposes that a Diesel oxidation catalyst must be mainly studied at the Urban Part of NEDC, as the CO and HC conversions are very high at the extra-urban part of NEDC. CO and HC conversion efficiencies are also dependent on exhaust temperature and catalytic volume. In the case of two different profiles of exhaust temperature with the same average temperature, CO and HC conversion efficiency is lower in the case of the smoother profile.     

Comparison of HC species from diesel combustion modes and characterization of a heat-up doc formulation

This study summarizes engine speed and load effects on HC species emissions from premixed charge compression ignition (PCI) and conventional diesel combustion, and it evaluates diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) formulations on a gas flow reactor for the purpose of diesel particulate filter regeneration or lean NO_x trap desulfation. HC emissions are sampled simultaneously by a Tedlar bag for light HC species and by a Tenax TA™ adsorption trap for semi-volatile HC species, and they are analyzed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. The bulk temperature and residence time during combustion are key parameters that are important for understanding the effects of speed and load on engine-out HC emissions. The degree of post-flame oxidation is higher in PCI than in conventional combustion, and it is increased for PCI with a higher speed and load, as indicated by a lower fuel alkanes/THC ratio, a higher alkenes/fuel alkanes ratio, and a higher methane/THC ratio. Ethene and n-undecane are two representative HC species, and they are used as a surrogate mixture in the gas flow reactor to simulate PCI and conventional combustion with in-cylinder post fuel injection. Among the three DOC formulations tested, the catalyst with constituent precious metals of platinum and palladium (PtPd) showed the best light-off performance, followed by PtPd with an addition of cerium dioxide (PtPd+CeO₂), and platinum (Pt), regardless of exhaust compositions. Conventional combustion exhaust composition shows a lower light-off temperature than that of PCI, regardless of catalyst formulation.     

钢铝复合导电轨制造技术的探讨

钢铝复合导电轨具有导电性好、耐磨损、重量轻、寿命长等优点。介绍钢铝复合导电轨在三轨系统中的作用、工作原理、结构和常用材料。世界上钢铝复合导电轨制造技术,可归纳为机械结合、机械/冶金结合、冶金结合三大类。分析上述制造技术的结合性质、结合原理及结合特点,提出一种具有发展潜力的复合导电轨的制造技术———铝合金半固态浆料与钢复合成形技术。     

柴油机有效压缩比与参数变化之探讨

探讨双燃循环大型海运低速柴油机其重要参数的名义压缩比与有效压缩比[1]、理想绝热压缩压力与实际压缩压力[2]的差异,利用精确量测间隙容积(Clearance volume),探讨理想与实际的压缩压力比较差异,利用此一正确的机器设计参数,探讨如何加强维持最大有效压缩比以达设计最高压缩压力,提高低速柴油机正常出力。     

广州轨道交通五号线盾构施工关键技术

研究目的：解决广州轨道交通五号线盾构施工面临的诸多难题，总结在复合地层中盾构施工的若干经验，为类似工程提供借鉴。研究方法：通过工程类比、现场试验及监测等手段，对盾构施工相关工法、材料及技术等进行了引进、研究和实践。研究结果：广州地铁五号线大坦沙南-中山八站盾构区间首次成功应用了盾构始发SEW工法，并完成江中超浅埋泥水盾构过江掘进；火车站-小北站盾构区间顺利通过溶洞群，填补该项国内空白；动物园站-杨箕站盾构区间超小曲线半径掘进技术实现了新的突破；车陂南站-东圃站盾构区间首次成功应用了TAC高分子聚合物，辅助盾构顺利通过浅埋砂层。研究结论：广州地铁五号线盾构施工关键技术，有效控制了土体稳定和变形，在环境岩土工程问题防治方面取得了较大进步。     

瞄准世界一流水平提升自主创新能力为实现铁路机车车辆装备现代化作贡献

中国南车集团四方机车车辆股份有限公司通过构建创新体系、加快工业化改造、大力提高人员素质,为引进消化吸收再创新奠定了坚实基础。为加快推进机车车辆装备现代化,采取系统实施技术转化、构建工艺设计体系、开展工艺平推、建立质量保证体系、严格进行试验调试等措施,以关键技术引进为核心,以系统集成技术和制造技术消化吸收为主线,全面开展引进消化吸收再创新工作,系统掌握了时速200km及以上动车组的核心技术,建立了一流的研发平台、制造平台和产学研联合开发平台,具备了高速动车组自主研发和国产化批量生产能力。     

城市轨道交通列车驾驶仿真器研究

城市轨道交通列车驾驶仿真器是城市轨道交通部门进行技能培训的高科技设备,能够进行精确的列车操纵性能仿真和逼真的列车驾驶环境仿真。基本功能包括模拟操纵功能、列车动力学计算功能、故障判断培训功能、视景和声音仿真功能以及运动仿真功能。针对城市轨道交通特点,给出了轨道交通列车驾驶仿真器的运行仿真数学模型,提出采用分布式计算机体系结构、MPEG视频压缩技术和基于DirectSound技术的多媒体声音系统,设计具有4层5自由度液压运动平台的驾驶仿真器。并基于以上技术完成了北京地铁交流传动电动客车列车驾驶仿真器的研制,成功应用于北京地铁技术学校学员和北京地铁司机的教育培训。     

多孔PZT95/5压电陶瓷性能的研究

本次实验主要研究在制备过程中加入抑制剂、PEG、胶凝剂等对PZT95／5粉体的影响,此外,研究了掺杂物(铌盐)的掺入方式及加入量对PZT95／5粉体性能的影响。