国外激光告警技术的设备与发展

激光告警技术在现代战争中发挥着越来越重要的作用。文章介绍了激光侦察告警技术的发展历程以及装备的研制、改进情况，指出了在现代战争中发展激光侦察告警技术的优势和重要性，重点探讨了几种激光侦察告警设备性能及其特点，最后论述了激光侦察告警技术与设备的发展动向与分析。     

某车型多种正面碰撞安全性能性分析

实际生活中的正面碰撞事故往往形式复杂,因此,文章结合2018版C-NCAP和C-IASI两大规程中规定的工况以及生活中常见的正碰事故类型情况,通过仿真分析总结了某车型在四种正面碰撞工况下的安全性能,能够为全面研究汽车正面碰撞的安全性能提供参考借鉴。     

考虑驾驶人风格的跟车预警规则研究

为研究驾驶人的跟车特性及探究可适用于不同风格驾驶人的跟车预警规则,为自动驾驶车辆开发可满足不同用户驾驶需求和驾乘体验的主动安全预警系统,选取50名被试驾驶人开展实车试验,采集驾驶人跟车行为表征参数并基于雷达数据确定跟车事件提取规则。选取平均跟车时距和平均制动时距为二维向量,使用基于K-means聚类结果的高斯混合模型将驾驶人聚类为3种风格类型(冒进型、平稳型、保守型)。通过分析3组驾驶人的跟车及制动数据,将不同类型驾驶人的制动时距分位数作为跟车预警阈值,结合实际预警数据及不同制动时距分位数对应的预警正确率,对现有跟车预警规则进行调整,以适应不同类型驾驶人的驾驶需求。研究结果表明:3组驾驶人的平均跟车时距和平均制动时距差异显著,冒进型驾驶人倾向于选择较小的跟车时距和制动时距,保守型驾驶人的跟车时距和制动时距则普遍较大;3组驾驶人的实际跟车预警次数为215次,驾驶人采取制动操作而系统未予以预警的次数为329次,系统整体预警正确率为21.9%,漏警率为87.5%,通过分析信息熵等判定当前预警规则并不合理;将每类驾驶人制动时距的10%分位数作为阈值时的预警效果较好,调整后的跟车预警规则能在一定程度上适应不同的驾驶人类型。     

北海“渔家乐”船舶存在的安全隐患及对策

＂渔家乐＂船舶是由渔船改造的一种休闲渔业船舶。文章介绍了北海旅游市场＂渔家乐＂船舶营运的现状与发展趋势,分析了＂渔家乐＂船舶存在的安全隐患及监督管理上的缺陷,并提出了相应的安全管理对策。     

Development of advanced driver assistance systems with vehicle hardware-in-the-loop simulations

This paper presents a new method for the design and validation of advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs). With vehicle hardware-in-the-loop (VEHIL) simulations, the development process, and more specifically the validation phase, of intelligent vehicles is carried out safer, cheaper, and is more manageable. In the VEHIL laboratory, a full-scale ADAS-equipped vehicle is set up in a hardware-in-the-loop simulation environment, where a chassis dynamometer is used to emulate the road interaction and robot vehicles to represent other traffic. In this controlled environment, the performance and dependability of an ADAS is tested to great accuracy and reliability. The working principle and the added value of VEHIL are demonstrated with test results of an adaptive cruise control and a forward collision warning system. On the basis of the ‘V’ diagram, the position of VEHIL in the development process of ADASs is illustrated.     

隐式中墙连拱隧道平行中隔壁工法设计与分析

分析连拱隧道工法研究现状和趋势,结合隐式中墙复合式连拱隧道[1-2]结构形式,提出一种新的连拱隧道施工方法—平行中隔壁法,其无需中墙临时支护,预留岩体保护中墙,减小对环境的影响,大幅提高连拱隧道的施工效率,实现连拱隧道的快捷施工。对平行中隔壁法进行详细设计与分析,并对其进行数值模拟。结果表明:平行中隔壁法可保证隐式中墙复合式连拱隧道施工安全,各上台阶步序开挖和拆撑为控制竖向变形的关键工序,左洞拱腰与中墙连接处和左洞仰拱与中墙连接处是初期支护的安全控制点。     

试论交通预警在北京交通管理工作中的作用

交通预警是指通过数据分析、舆情分析等方式，根据交通变化规律和各种参考因素，对可能造成交通影响的各种事件，按照影响程度进行分级警示，从而最大限度减少事件对交通的影响程度。     

Severity of injury resulting from pedestrian–vehicle crashes: What can we learn from examining the built environment?

This paper examines the impact of personal and environmental characteristics on severity of injuries sustained in pedestrian–vehicle crashes using a generalized ordered probit model. The data covers 2000–2004 of pedestrian–vehicle crashes taken from police incident reports for Baltimore City and supplemented with local land use, urban form and transportation information specific to the individual crash locations. The results on personal and behavioral variables confirm previous findings. Women pedestrians involved in crashes tend to be injured less frequently than their male counterparts; children have an increased likelihood of sustaining injuries and older persons are more likely to be fatally injured. Pedestrians who cross against the traffic signal, are not in a crosswalk and are involved in a crash after dark are associated with greater injury risk. Of the built environment policy variables of interest, transit access and greater pedestrian connectivity, such as central city areas, are significant and negatively associated with injury severity. These results suggest that the environmental conditions should be given more scrutiny and be an important consideration when evaluating and planning for pedestrian safety.     

铁路安全监测系统现状及发展方向

为保证车辆在线运行的绝对安全,全路车辆安全防范系统(5T)以实现地面设备对移动设备的动态检测、数据集中,联网运行,远程诊断和信息共享,促进车辆安全防范手段由传统向现代发展,由人控向机控转变,由粗放管理向集约管理过渡。在对5T系统论述、分析的基础上,提出5T系统进一步的发展方向。     

铁路行车安全综合监控系统建设探讨

本文针对行车安全监控系统应用的现状，探讨了建设行车安全综合监控系统的必要性和可行性，及系统的功能和构成，并提出了实施的建议．