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为提高通勤者使用公交出行的比例,有效缓解城市交通拥堵,对应用智能公交系统数据(Advanced Public Transportation Systems,APTS)获得公交通勤出行需求的方法进行研究.采集APTS数据,通过对公交IC卡数据和智能调度系统数据的关联获得公交乘客的上车站点信息.根据早、晚高峰的出行频率判断公交通勤乘客,利用通勤出行的时间和空间特征确定居住地点和工作地点.以此基本思路,提出公交卡乘客通勤OD分布估计算法,并应用海量APTS系统数据对算法进行了试验和分析.最后,通过与基于"出行链"的方法进行比较,分析了算法的精度.本文提出的方法具有精度高、可操作性强的优点,为快速、经济地获取公交通勤OD分布提供了一种新的途径.     

Integrated smart feeder/shuttle transit service: simulation of new routing strategies

The idea of designing an integrated smart feeder/shuttle service stemmed from the need to overcome the problem of using an excessive number of cars arriving and parking at a train station within the same time span. This problem results in high parking demand around the train station. Moreover, some potential train riders will, instead, use their cars and hence become a party to increasing the traffic congestion. This work develops a new idea of an integrated and innovative feeder/shuttle system with new operating and routing concepts. The fulfilled objectives are as follows: (i) to construct and examine different operating strategies from both the user and operator perspectives; (ii) to examine different routing models and scenarios; and (iii) to construct a simulation tool for (i) and (ii). Ten different routing strategies are examined, with all the combinations of fixed/flexible routes, fixed/flexible schedules, a unidirectional or bidirectional concept, and shortcut (shortest path) and/or short‐turn (turnaround) concepts. These strategies are investigated by employing a simulation model specifically developed and constructed for this purpose. This simulation model is used in a case study of Castro Valley in California in which the feeder/shuttle service is coordinated with the Bay Area Rapid Transit service, and the 10 routing strategies are compared in regard to four fleet‐size scenarios. One of the interesting results found is that the fixed‐route and flexible‐route concepts are comparable in performance measures when applying a combination of operating strategies. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

近距离低净空下地下连续墙成槽技术研究和探讨

以深圳地铁9号线人民南站地下连续墙成槽技术为例,探讨在近距离及低净空作业条件下采用低净空成槽及吊装设备结合钢筋笼分段下放连接的方法,辅以槽段稳定及临近建(构)筑物的保护措施来实施地下连续墙的相关手段,解决在受限空间内实施深基坑作业的技术问题。相关分析及实施结果表明,施工方案是切实可行及安全可靠的。     

高阶紧致格式在非线性数值模拟中的应用

对比分析迎风型格式及中心耗散格式优劣性,采用傅里叶分析方法分析显式格式及紧致格式在波数空间可准确模拟的波数范围。通过编程研究6种紧致格式,其中为保证紧致格式在内点及边界点的一致性,采用高精度边界格式,加入了滤波运算和采用更小的CFL数来控制紧致格式的稳定性。数值试验表明,中心紧致格式有更小的耗散误差及色散误差;通过4阶Pade格式计算模型绕流,验证了边界处理的正确性,也更加认识到紧致格式有非常严格的稳定性限制。     

S237线K0＋000～K14＋000段公路大中修工程方案研究

针对S237线K0＋000～K14＋000段公路工程大中修项目,对路面损坏、平整度、车辙、抗滑性能等使用性能指标进行技术状况评价,并对沥青路面出现的主要病害进行分析研究.通过方案比选论证,提出最终方案：先对沥青路面的局部病害进行处治,再对一级公路采用MS-3 SBR改性乳化沥青微表处,对二级公路和三级公路采用ES-2 SBR改性乳化沥青稀浆封层罩面.     

综合超前地质预报在熊洞湾隧道施工中的应用

采用"平导超前,物探先行,钻探验证,综合分析,反馈施工"的综合超前地质预报方法,及时、准确地监测熊洞湾隧道的地质状况,弥补了勘察设计对地质资料的遗漏,指导在断层、煤层、瓦斯、煤窑采空区、岩溶等不良地质段的隧道施工,保证隧道施工的安全和进度.     

Assessing a soft twin tunneling numerical model using field data

Using a five-floor building affected by the Yangtze River highway tunnels in Wuhan as the engineering background, we have constructed a free-field model and a coupled model to study the soil, lining, foundations and upper structure, and analyze the rules of movements of building foundation and ground induced by single tunnel and twin tunnel excavation with the Finite Element Analysis method. It is shown that for the coupled model, the longitudinal displacement of each foundation increases slowly when the tunnel face gets close to the foundation section and then increases fast when the tunnel face moves away from the foundation during the single and twin tunneling. For a single tunnel, the surface settlements are overestimated by the free-field and coupled tunnel. This might be crucial in urban areas. Regarding the maximum settlements and the width of the settlement trough, the difference between the free-field model and the coupled model is quite obvious. This comparison with the field measurement value reveals that the coupled model seems to be superior to the free-field model. These results are of instructive significance for design and excavation.     

私家车出行者ATIS信息选择影响因素研究——以大连市为例

私家车出行者对ATIS信息的选择意愿受到多种因素的影响。开展大连市私家车出行者ATIS信息需求意向调查,以探索性因子分析和累积Logit模型理论为基础,对ATIS信息内容进行分类,同时引入出行者性别、年龄、收入水平、交通补助情况等特性变量,建立私家车出行者ATIS信息选择模型。模型标定结果显示,私家车出行者个人特征与ATIS信息特性对ATIS信息选择意愿存在不同程度的影响：私家车出行者主要关注与出行质量相关的信息,收入水平、交通补助、驾照保有情况等对私家车出行者ATIS信息选择意愿影响显著。     

泥水盾构泥浆循环技术的探讨

结合现场施工经验,简要介绍泥水盾构施工过程中泥水循环系统的选型原理和系统配置原则及泥水循环的一些计算技巧和方法;对泥水循环施工中的一些具体问题进行了研究,以期为其他同类工程提供借鉴。     

软弱富水地层条件下泥水盾构泥浆门修复技术研究

针对武汉长江隧道工程11.38m左线泥水盾构始发试掘进27.2m后出现泥浆门不能关闭的问题,研究制定了泥浆门修复方案:先通过人员带压进仓进行检查,观察判断泥浆门损坏情况,并根据检查分析结果对泥浆门进行临时修复,同时选择合适的场地位置进行加固,盾构继续掘进至加固场地范围停机,常压状态下进行永久修复。修复后盾构机安全通过了加固区域,为后续盾构机快速安全完成江底段掘进提供了保证。该修复技术可以为今后泥水盾构泥浆门的维修及盾构泥水仓内设备维修提供借鉴经验。