国外疏浚物的处理与利用

随着科学技术的发展和人类环保意识的增强 ,疏浚物的利用范围越来越广泛。简要介绍了一些国家和国际组织对疏浚物的研究成果和抛填技术的应用     

低路基桥涵优化设计

对濮阳至信阳高速公路濮阳段路基高改低设计中桥涵设计要点加以简述．并通过增设天桥和下挖通道降低路基填土高度，解决由此引起的通道积水问题，从而实现了降低路基高度的设计目标。     

Identification of potential sites for deep-ocean waste isolation with a geographic site-selection model

Identification of optimal sites for the isolation of waste on the abyssal seafloor was performed with two approaches: by the traditional method of map overlays of relevant attributes, and by a specially developed, automated Site-Selection Model (SSM). Five initial, Surrogate Sites, identified with the map-overlay approach, were then compared with the more rigorously produced scores from the SSM. The SSM, a process for optimization of site locations, accepts subjective, expert-based judgments and transforms them into a quantitative, reproducible, and documented product. The SSM is adaptable to any siting scenario. Forty-one factors relevant to the isolation scenario, including 21 weightable factors having a total of 123 scorable categories, have been entered into the SSM. Factors are grouped under project definition, unique environments, anthropogenic, geologic, biologic, weather, oceanographic and distance criteria. The factor scores are linked to a georeferenced database array of all factors, corresponding to 1°×1° latitude–longitude squares. The SSM includes a total of 2241 one-degree squares within 1000 n.m. of the U.S. coasts, including the western North Atlantic, the Gulf of Mexico, and the eastern North Pacific. Under a carefully weighted and scored scenario of isolation, the most favorable sites identified with the SSM are on the Hatteras and Nares Abyssal Plains in the Atlantic. High-scoring sites are also located in the Pacific abyssal hills province between the Murray and Molokai Fracture Zones. Acceptable 1° squares in the Gulf of Mexico are few and of lower quality, with the optimum location on the northern Sigsbee Abyssal Plain. Two of the five Surrogate Site locations, on the Hatteras and Sigsbee Abyssal Plains, correspond to the best SSM sites in each ocean area. Two Pacific and a second Atlantic Surrogate Site are located in low-scoring regions or excluded by the SSM. Site-selection results from the SSM, although robust, are an initial attempt to quantify the site-selection process. The SSM database exposes a significant lack of high-quality information for many areally mappable attributes on the abyssal seafloor, particularly bottom-current speed and measures of biologic productivity and flux. Terminologies and classifications of some measures, such as sediment types, suffer from parochialism and vary by ocean. Considerable research is needed even for a broad understanding of the environmental measures required to make sound societal decisions about use of the abyssal seafloor for disposal or other purposes.     

山区高速公路弃渣体物理力学特性试验研究

公路弃土场是一种特殊的人工堆积体，对其进行稳定性分析与评价需要掌握弃渣体的物理力学指标。文章以厦蓉高速公路水都段典型弃土场弃渣体为研究对象，介绍采用现场试验和室内试验方法，对弃渣体的最大干密度和抗剪强度等参数进行研究。通过研究得到：不同颗粒成分弃渣体的最大干密度不同，但在通常推填方式下，弃渣体的强度指标基本不受压实度控制。     

再液化装置在LNG船舶上的应用

作为传统LNG船舶蒸汽透平推进装置的替代方案之一,双低速柴油机联合再液化装置的推进方案以其经济性好、易于管理等优点越来越受到船东的欢迎.再液化装置能够让LNG船舶为买家输送更多的货物,同时使得效率更高的低速柴油机得以在LNG船舶上安装.     

洋口港污水排海工程排污口选划研究

在综合已有大最研究成果和工程经验的基础上,通过分析排污口选划方法原则、初步方案的选取、海域水动力和水环境影响、泥沙场泥沙冲淤及工程技术经济性等选划因素,确定了洋口港污水排海工程的最佳排污口位置.结果表明,综合考虑各种影响因素的选划方法,有利于实现排污工程的环保排放.     

真空联合堆载预压法在软土路基加固中的应用

以广州南部地区某快速路SD19标K39＋002.03~K40＋590处软土地基加固工程为实例,介绍真空联合堆载预压法的加固原理、施工方案和应用效果,并提出施工中的一些注意事项,其对真空联合堆载预压法在工程中的推广应用大有裨益。     

The implications of MARPOL Annex V on the management of ports and coastal communities

Abstract

The passage of the Marine Plastics Pollution Research and Control Act of 1987 (MPPRCA), which codified Annex V of the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), has encompassed every commercial and recreational shipping and boating facility in the United States. As a group, these ports, harbors, and marinas form a significant, although proportionately small, portion of the coastline of the country. More important, the economic benefits derived from the complex shoreside infrastructures required for international ocean trade, commercial and recreational fishing, and pleasure boating indicate just how critical it is for these facilities to be in conformance with effective and prudent coastal zone and environmental management practices.     

水面舰艇固体垃圾处理对策初探

随着各国越来越重视保护海洋环境，船舶垃圾的处理问题也越来越受到人们的关注。通过对水面舰艇固体垃圾的种类、数量和处理方法的介绍，并根据国内外船舶垃圾处理方面的一些法规要求，考虑到不同类型水面舰艇的特点，提出了相应的固体垃圾处理对策。     

自生蠕虫对BBF反应器污水处理效果的影响分析

在利用新型天然生物质填料生物膜反应器(BBF)进行城市生活污水处理的小试研究时对其自生蠕虫的产生及其影响效果进行了分析。当反应器稳定运行至20d时,反应器生物膜上出现大量蠕虫,反应器出水TP值有明显上升,其他出水水质指标影响不大。植物中空纤维填料生物膜反应器自生大密度蠕虫对污泥减量的效果明显。是值得利用的一种污泥生物处理手段。