Influence of polygonal wear of railway wheels on the wheel set axle stress

The coupled vehicle/track dynamic model with the flexible wheel set was developed to investigate the effects of polygonal wear on the dynamic stresses of the wheel set axle. In the model, the railway vehicle was modelled by the rigid multibody dynamics. The wheel set was established by the finite element method to analyse the high-frequency oscillation and dynamic stress of wheel set axle induced by the polygonal wear based on the modal stress recovery method. The slab track model was taken into account in which the rail was described by the Timoshenko beam and the three-dimensional solid finite element was employed to establish the concrete slab. Furthermore, the modal superposition method was adopted to calculate the dynamic response of the track. The wheel/rail normal forces and the tangent forces were, respectively, determined by the Hertz nonlinear contact theory and the Shen–Hedrick–Elkins model. Using the coupled vehicle/track dynamic model, the dynamic stresses of wheel set axle with consideration of the ideal polygonal wear and measured polygonal wear were investigated. The results show that the amplitude of wheel/rail normal forces and the dynamic stress of wheel set axle increase as the vehicle speeds rise. Moreover, the impact loads induced by the polygonal wear could excite the resonance of wheel set axle. In the resonance region, the amplitude of the dynamic stress for the wheel set axle would increase considerably comparing with the normal conditions.     

航标技术改造中的风险预测及管理

风险预测及管理是国示航8标界近年来颇为关注的话题。如何在航标管理中引入风险的概念，如何通过风险管理来达到航标建设投入与产出的合理平衡是我们中国航标界人员应仔细思考的问题。本文结合以往在航标技术改造中的一些经验，论述了航标技术改造的风险类型，以及相应的评估指标体系，初步总结了这方面的经验，供参考。     

A Pareto-improving hybrid rationing and pricing policy with multiclass network equilibria

This paper extends the work on Pareto-improving hybrid rationing and pricing policy for general road networks by considering heterogeneous users with different values of time. Mathematical programming models are proposed to find a multiclass Pareto-improving pure road space rationing scheme (MPI-PR) and multiclass hybrid rationing and pricing schemes (MHPI and MHPI-S). A numerical example with a multimodal network is provided for comparing both the efficiency and equity of the three proposed policies. We discover that MHPI-S can achieve the largest reduction in total system delay, MHPI can induce the least spatial inequity and MHPI-S is a progressive policy which is appealing to policy makers. Furthermore, numerical results reveal that different classes of users react differently to the same hybrid policies and multiclass Pareto-improving hybrid schemes yield less delay reduction when compared to their single-class counterparts.     

地基承载力的常用提法及其工程应用

地基承载力有多种提法,如容许承载力、极限承载力、承载力特征值、根据地基的荷载条件与土性指标计算的承载力、勘察单位在工程设计前提供的承载力等;明确各种地基承载力的工程意义,对应用是重要的.文章分析了获得各种常用承载力计算方法的前提条件,提出工程应用中应当注意的问题.对地基在垂直、水平荷载共同作用下的情况,给出了地基承载力的计算公式.为正确的应用各种提法的地基承载力提出了建议.     

航海类高职院校英语教学现状分析及对策

随着中国加入WTO,中国日益深入国际社会,对外交流日益频繁,特别是从事航海运输工作的海员英语综合运用能力显得尤为重要。本文主要针对航海类高职院校英语教学中普遍出现的几个主要问题进行分析研究,然后根据现状,提出相应的对策,以便能更好的有针对性的进行教学,提高教学质量。     

沥青路面坑槽修补工艺的研究

分析沥青混凝土路面损坏原因及修补.     

三峡库区港口边坡生态防护技术研究

针对三峡库区复杂工程地质与水位条件下的港口高边坡稳定性与生态防护技术进行了深入研究,在国内外库区岸坡防护技术的基础上进行了优化比选,提出了采用香根草护面加筋边坡这一新型结构体系对三峡库岸边坡进行防护,并采用有限元仿真模拟计算与工程试验相结合的方法进行了论证。实践表明,该防护技术满足三峡库岸边坡防护的安全经济、环保性要求,是一种新型有效的库区港口边坡生态防护技术。     

炮兵侦察情报获取与处理

从实际出发分析当前炮兵情报侦察的不足，从理论上提出情报获取与处理自动化的关键技术及探讨解决信息战条件下侦察情报获取与处理的方法，并以具体事例说明。     

水面舰艇反鱼雷鱼雷作战使用方法研究

国外海军在研究发展反鱼雷鱼雷（ATT）,但对于其作战使用方法问题,却很少公开报道。针对ATT作战使用时的两种作战模式,建立鱼雷与ATT之间的对抗模型,分析了ATT的射击提前角与鱼雷来袭舷角、鱼雷报警距离、鱼雷速度、ATT速度之间的关系,为ATT的作战使用提供理论参考,并给出了几条结论。