海底柔性管道技术研究

随着海洋油气勘探开发的发展,柔性管道得到越来越广泛的应用。文中介绍了柔性管道的分类及结构,重点描述了粘结和无粘结柔性管道,无粘结柔性管道是目前国外发展趋势和研究重点。阐述了柔性管道的技术优势以及适用范围,同时介绍了柔性管道的发展状况、设计准则以及国外的主要制造厂商。国内柔性管道技术与世界先进水平之间还存在较大的差距,采用无粘结技术以及适用超深水环境将是国内未来深水海底柔性管道技术发展的方向。     

Large-scale dynamic transportation network simulation: A space-time-event parallel computing approach

This paper describes a computationally efficient parallel-computing framework for mesoscopic transportation simulation on large-scale networks. By introducing an overall data structure for mesoscopic dynamic transportation simulation, we discuss a set of implementation issues for enabling flexible parallel computing on a multi-core shared memory architecture. First, we embed an event-based simulation logic to implement a simplified kinematic wave model and reduce simulation overhead. Second, we present a space-time-event computing framework to decompose simulation steps to reduce communication overhead in parallel execution and an OpenMP-based space-time-processor implementation method that is used to automate task partition tasks. According to the spatial and temporal attributes, various types of simulation events are mapped to independent logical processes that can concurrently execute their procedures while maintaining good load balance. We propose a synchronous space-parallel simulation strategy to dynamically assign the logical processes to different threads. The proposed method is then applied to simulate large-scale, real-world networks to examine the computational efficiency under different numbers of CPU threads. Numerical experiments demonstrate that the implemented parallel computing algorithm can significantly improve the computational efficiency and it can reach up to a speedup of 10 on a workstation with 32 computing threads.     

抗滑桩在滑坡处理中的应用

结合某国道滑坡情况,根据其具体的工程地质和水文情况,提出了采用抗滑桩的处理方案。根据滑坡推力计算,确定抗滑桩的尺寸及位置,提出了施工过程动态监测和完工后长期监测的方案。     

Conflict-free arrival and departure trajectory planning for parallel runway with advanced point-merge system

In this paper, an efficient trajectory planning system is proposed to solve the integration of arrivals and departures on parallel runways with a novel route network system. Our first effort is made in designing an advanced Point Merge (PM) route network named Multi-Level Point Merge (ML-PM) to meet the requirements of parallel runway operations. Then, more efforts are paid on finding a complete and efficient framework capable of dynamically modelling the integration of arrival and departure trajectories on parallel runways, modelling the conflict detection and resolution in presence of curved trajectory and radius-to-fix merging process. After that, a suitable mathematical optimization formulation is built up. Receding Horizon Control (RHC) and Simulated Annealing (SA) algorithms are proposed to search the near-optimal solution for the large scale trajectories in routine dense operations. Taking Beijing Capital International Airport (BCIA) as a study case, the experimental results show that our system shows good performances on the management of arrivals and departures. It can automatically solve all the potential conflicts in presence of dense traffic flows. With its unique ML-PM route network, it can realize a shorter flying time and a near-Continuous Descent Approach (CDA) descent for arrival aircraft, an economical climbing for departure aircraft, an easier runway allocation together with trajectory control solutions. It shows a good and dynamic sequencing efficiency in Terminal Manoeuvring Area (TMA). In mixed ML-PM mode, under tested conditions, our proposed system can increase throughput at BCIA around 26%, compared with baseline. The methodology defined here could be easily applied to airports worldwide.     

硬岩顶管卡滞原因分析及脱困技术研究

针对长距离岩石地层顶管施工中预制管卡滞工程难题,结合观景口水利工程2#无压洞工程,通过资料查阅、案例调研、专家咨询等方法,对多种处理方案进行对比分析。结合工程实践,提出预制管受困点判别方法,并研究制定出沉渣冲洗清理及预制管拆除方案;结合顶管施工特点就如何预防预制管卡滞提出针对性改进措施。经工程验证,所采取方案与技术措施顺利解决了预制管卡滞难题,并确保了后期工程的顺利进行,既缩短了工期又取得了良好的经济效益.,可为类似工程提供借鉴和参考。     

Buckle propagation of damaged SHCC sandwich pipes: Experimental tests and numerical simulation

Sandwich pipe (SP) combining high-strength performance and thermal insulation has been considered an effective solution for oil and gas transportation in ultra-deepwater. Strain hardening cementitious composite (SHCC) is well known for its capacity to withstand both tensile load and external hydrostatic pressure. The sandwich pipe considered in the research is constituted of concentric steel pipes with SHCC annular layer. In the present research work, the SHCC was manufactured, and full scale sandwich pipes were assembled. Intact and damaged specimens were submitted to controlled external pressure in a hyperbaric chamber to obtain the collapse and propagation pressures, respectively. Modeling and simulation of the buckle propagation of the SPs were correlated with the experimental results. The results show that sandwich pipe with SHCC core has an excellent structural strength under high external pressure in both intact and damaged conditions. Moreover, the results also show that the interaction between the annular and the inner/outer pipes provides a significant contribution to the buckling resistance under propagation pressure.     

考虑收益管理的高铁平行车次动态差别定价

基于RP(Revealed Preference)和SP(Stated Preference)调查数据，利用潜在类别模型对高铁旅客进行细分，得到旅客对平行车次不同服务属性，如列车运行时间、发车时段和舒适度的偏好程度，并对其进行量化；引入收益管理，以多列车整体收益最大为目标，构建平行车次动态差别定价模型，并设计模拟退火算法进行求解；最后，通过京沪高铁进行实例验证.结果表明：与固定票价进行客票销售相比，所提方案能够适应高峰期和平峰期不同客流特点，提高铁路客票总收益，为高铁平行车次灵活定价提供参考.     

新型隧道结构纵向连接筋对支护性能影响研究

隧道工程中,纵向连接筋多为焊接或者插入式连接,但纵向连接筋对隧道支护性能影响尚不明确,没有相关试验分析。基于此问题,按照初支二衬联拱隧道新型支护体系,设计采用不同纵向连接筋形式初期支护构件,采用MTS大型拟动力加载系统进行室内加载试验,对采用纵向连接筋构件的力学特性进行研究,得到如下结论:(1)纵向连接筋在初期支护中稳定型钢、参与结构受力,加强隧道支护承载能力及抗变形能力,提升隧道整体性、稳定性;(2)纵向连接筋插入式连接在提升构件承载力及抗变形能力要优于焊接连接,该影响主要体现在加载后期;(3)该试验对比了几种不同纵向连接筋构件受力及变形情况,根据试验结果可确定纵向连接筋最优设置形式,为实际工程提供参考。     

铁路沿线城市空间物业开发研究——以宝鸡市南客站核心区站前广场工程为例

为了提升铁路沿线城市空间物业开发的设计手法,结合宝鸡市南客站核心区站前广场工程的设计实践,从系统性设计观、工程性质解析、消防设计思路、空间建构方法、无缝接驳、技术要素等方面进行研究分析,展示将铁路与城市系统进行一体化设计、利用自然资源解决消防和投资问题、平层空间中对多种交通体系的有机组织、不同坐标和高程系统背景下分区域构建柱网、各板块交接处的问题解决等技术成果,总结出同类型建筑的设计思路,力求为该领域的建筑设计发展提供有益的借鉴。     

新城区轨道交通线路规划关键问题研究

对国内外主城与新城衔接的新城区(郊区)轨道线特征及交通功能等因素进行总结分析，并结合武汉市及国内外典型城市新城区轨道交通规划建设经验，对新城区轨道交通线路规划关键问题做深入研究。提出对新城区轨道交通线路规划中与其他不同层次轨道线网功能及技术标准的衔接关系；与新城区发展应注重以轨道交通引领新城区协同发展，与城市空间结构高度契合关系；新城区轨道线路走向应沿预测主要客流走廊，串联新城区商业、交通枢纽等大型客流集散点，以缓解开通初期普遍面临客流量增长缓慢，客运强度偏低的问题。