Phase change analysis of an underwater glider propelled by the ocean's thermal energy

The phase change characteristic of the power source of an underwater glider propelled by the ocean's thermal energy is the key factor in glider attitude control. A numerical model has been established based on the enthalpy method to analyze the phase change heat transfer process under convective boundary conditions. Phase change is not an isothermal process,but one that occurs at a range of temperature. The total melting time of the material is very sensitive to the surrounding temperature. When the temperature of the surroundings decreases 8 degrees,the total melting time increases 1.8 times. But variations in surrounding temperature have little effect on the initial temperature of phase change,and the slope of the temperature time history curve remains the same. However,the temperature at which phase change is completed decreases significantly. Our research shows that the phase change process is also affected by container size,boundary conditions,and the power source's cross sectional area. Materials stored in 3 cylindrical containers with a diameter of 38mm needed the shortest phase change time. Our conclusions should be helpful in effective design of underwater glider power systems.     

Phase change analysis of an underwater glider propelled by the ocean＇s thermal energy

The phase change characteristic of the power source of an underwater glider propelled by the ocean＇s thermal energy is the key factor in glider attitude control. A numerical model has been established based on the enthalpy method to analyze the phase change heat transfer process under convective boundary conditions. Phase change is not an isothermal process, but one that occurs at a range of temperature. The total melting time of the material is very sensitive to the surrounding temperature. When the temperature of the surroundings decreases 8 degrees, the total melting time increases 1.8 times. But variations in surrounding temperature have little effect on the initial temperature of phase change, and the slope of the temperature time history curve remains the same. However, the temperature at which phase change is completed decreases significantly. Our research shows that the phase change process is also affected by container size, boundary conditions, and the power source＇s cross sectional area. Materials stored in 3 cylindrical containers with a diameter of 38ram needed the shortest phase change time. Our conclusions should be helpful in effective design of underwater glider power systems.     

动对动GPS相对定位系统中整周模糊度求解

为解决GPS技术实现困难的问题,在证明动对动GPS定位时,模糊度整数解搜索准则和静态时是一样的结论基础上,认为动对动模糊度整数解搜索可以直接引用静态测量已有的理论,动对动模糊度解算的关键是"快速"计算模糊度的实数解,并应用最小二乘准则给出动对动GPS定位时的模糊度实数解求解公式。试验数据计算表明,计算时只需少数几个历元数据,模糊度实数解就收敛到整数解附近,且方差较小,因而模糊度的备选值较少,只需几次试算即可确定正确解,从而达到"快速"解算的目的。     

浅谈项目实施阶段工程造价管理

市场经济的变化多端,使工程投资的确定与控制变得更为复杂。对工程造价的控制就是建设单位在满足项目合理的质量标准的前提下,在投资决策阶段,设计阶段和建设项目实施阶段中把工程项目发生控制在批准的限额内,力求在各个建设项目中合理使用人力、物力、财力,取得较好的投资效益和社会效益,工程造价的控制与管理是一个动态的过程。这就需要建设单位对工程造价的管理始终贯穿于项目的全过程,实施阶段的工程造价管理是实施建设工程全过程管理的重点。可以分为三个环节：招标管理、施工管理和结算管理。     

基于有效绿灯时间利用率的自适应控制策略研究

为了优化单点交叉口信号控制方案,使其适应各个进口道方向交通流动态变化,提高交叉口通行效率,根据交叉口进口道排队车辆数建立有效绿灯利用率模型,提出了一种交叉口自适应控制策略.有效绿灯时间利用率模型以交叉口通行能力最大为控制参数,实时优化确定出最佳相位放行方案以及最优相位切换方案,根据进口道排队车辆最大流向的排队车辆数和车辆到达预测确定相位放行绿灯时间.利用VISSIM交通仿真软件对该自适应控制策略仿真运行,与定时控制以及感应控制对比,评价分析不同车辆到达情况下交叉口通行情况.结果表明:该自适应控制策略能有效降低车均延误,提高交叉口服务水平.     

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交通流预测分析已成为智能交通的核心研究内容之一。依据混沌时间序列分析方法,建立了短时交通流的预测模型。在对实测的交通流数据进行相空间重构的基础上,综合考虑欧氏距离和均等系数,提出了最邻近点的两步优化选择方法,并采用了局部多项式拟合方法对所选取的最邻近点进行逼近以求得预测公式。本文将此方法运用于东莞东江大道流量预测,比较预测流量和实测流量,得出最大相对误差为0.445％,最小相对误差为0.038％,且单步预测时间仅为38.52秒。结果表明,该预测模型具有较高的精度,同时也能够满足实时性的要求。     

数字式三相电压型PWM整流器

结合三相电压型PWM整流器的数学模型,给出其d、q轴解耦模型,论证并提出了适于三相电压型PWM整流系统控制方案。控制系统采用全数字式DSP控制,使得系统实时、高效、高度集成。最后进行了系统仿真并给出了实验结果。     

强迫布鲁塞尔振子相图的研究

针对强迫布鲁塞尔振子模型的Ｆａｒｅｙ序列与Ｍ．Ｓ．Ｓ序列进行了扩大区域的研究，表明单峰映中看成圆映象的近似，并建立了圆映象的相图，单峰映象的相图及符号动力学间的关系。     

相位连续移频信号的数字化实现

分析了相位连续与不连续移频信号的频谱并比较了它们的带宽。相位连续的移频信号有较窄的带宽,抗干扰性能强。目前,在移频轨道电路中产生相位连续信号的方法主要有两种:直接调频法,频率转换法。前者相位连续但频率稳定性差;后者频率稳定性高但相位近似连续。为克服上述不足,本文提出了数字化直接调频法,其相位连续、频率可调、频稳性高。     

基于瞬时无功理论的谐波检测方法及其实现技术

介绍了基于瞬时无功理论的ip-iq方法,并将其推广应用到单相、三相三线、三相四线系统中任意次谐波正序、负序有功、无功分量的检测,重点探讨了ip-iq方法具体实现中最重要的两个方面,即低通滤波器的优化设计和不对称、畸变电网电压下锁相环的设计与实现,最后给出典型的仿真与实验结果.